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ÇáãÌÊåÏ æäåÇíÉ ÇáãÞÊÕÏ Ø ÏÇÑ ÇáÍÏíË [ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÐøóÈóÇÆöÍö] [ÇáúÈóÇÈõ
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ãóÍóáøö ÇáÐøóÈúÍö æóÇáäøóÍúÑö]
ö æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáúãõÍöíØõ ÈöÞóæóÇÚöÏö åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö íóäúÍóÕöÑõ Ýöí
ÎóãúÓóÉö ÃóÈúæóÇÈò:
ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ãóÍóáøö ÇáÐøóÈúÍö æóÇáäøóÍúÑö¡
æóåõæó ÇáúãóÐúÈõæÍõ Ãóæö ÇáúãóäúÍõæÑõ.
ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÐøóÈúÍö æóÇáäøóÍúÑö.
ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúÂáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÈöåóÇ íóßõæäõ
ÇáÐøóÈúÍõ æóÇáäøóÍúÑõ.
ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÔõÑõæØö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö.
ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÐøóÇÈöÍö æóÇáäøóÇÍöÑö.
æóÇáúÃõÕõæáõ åöíó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ¡ æóÇáÔøõÑõæØõ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú ÊóÏúÎõáó Ýöí
ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö¡ æóÇáúÃóÓúåóáõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíãö Ãóäú íõÌúÚóáó
ÈóÇÈðÇ Úóáóì ÍöÏóÊöåö.
ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ãóÍóáøö ÇáÐøóÈúÍö æóÇáäøóÍúÑö
æóÇáúÍóíóæóÇäõ Ýöí ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö Ýöí Ãóßúáöåö Úóáóì ÞöÓúãóíúäö:
ÍóíóæóÇäñ áóÇ íóÍöáøõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÐóßóÇÉò¡ æóÍóíóæóÇäñ íóÍöáøõ ÈöÛóíúÑö
ÐóßóÇÉò. æóãöäú åóÐöåö ãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóíúåö æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ
Ýöíåö.
æóÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúãóáõ Ýöíåö ÇáÐøóÈúÍõ
åõæó ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäõ ÇáúÈóÑøöíøõ Ðõæ ÇáÏøóãö ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó ÈöãõÍóÑøóãò
æóáóÇ ãóäúÝõæÐö ÇáúãóÞóÇÊöáö æóáóÇ ãóíúÆõæÓò ãöäúåõ ÈöæóÞúÐò Ãóæú äóØúÍò
Ãóæú ÊóÑóÏøò Ãóæö ÇÝúÊöÑóÇÓö ÓóÈõÚò Ãóæú ãóÑóÖò¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäó
ÇáúÈóÍúÑöíøó áóíúÓó íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÐóßóÇÉò. æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí
ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó íóÏúãóì ãöãøóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóßúáõåõ ãöËúáó
ÇáúÌóÑóÇÏö æóÛóíúÑöåö åóáú áóåõ ÐóßóÇÉñ Ãóãú áóÇ¿ æóÝöí ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö
ÇáúãõÏúãóì ÇáøóÐöí íóßõæäõ ÊóÇÑóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÈóÑøö
ãöËúáó ÇáÓøõáóÍúÝóÇÉö æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÊóÃúËöíÑö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇÝö ÇáøóÊöí äõÕøó
ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÂíóÉö¡ ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö æóÝöí ÊóÃúËöíÑö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö ÝöíãóÇ áóÇ
íóÍöáøõ Ãóßúáõåõ ÃóÚúäöí: Ýöí ÊóÍúáöíáö ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚö ÈöÌõáõæÏöåóÇ
æóÓóáúÈö ÇáäøóÌóÇÓóÉö ÚóäúåóÇ.
ÝóÝöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÅöÐðÇ ÓöÊøõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó ÃõÕõæáñ:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÃõæáóì: Ýöí ÊóÃúËöíÑö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇÝö
ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉö ÇáøóÊöí äõÕøó ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÏúÑößóÊú
ÍóíøóÉð.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Ýöí ÊóÃúËöíÑö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö
ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ÇáúÃóßúáö.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Ýöí ÊóÃúËöíÑö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáúãóÑöíÖóÉö.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Ýöí åóáú ÐóßóÇÉõ ÇáúÌóäöíäö ÐóßóÇÉõ Ãõãøöåö
Ãóãú áóÇ¿
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: åóáú áöáúÌóÑóÇÏö ÐóßóÇÉñ Ãóãú áóÇ¿
(2/202)
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ: åóáú
áöáúÍóíóæóÇäö ÇáøóÐöí íóÃúæöí Ýöí ÇáúÈóÑøö ÊóÇÑóÉð æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö
ÊóÇÑóÉð ÐóßóÇÉñ Ãóãú áóÇ¿ .
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÃõæáóì: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõäúÎóäöÞóÉõ æóÇáúãóæúÞõæÐóÉõ
æóÇáúãõÊóÑóÏøöíóÉõ æóÇáäøóØöíÍóÉõ æóãóÇ Ãóßóáó ÇáÓøóÈõÚõ ÝóÅöäøóåõãõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÈúáõÛö ÇáúÎóäúÞõ ãöäúåóÇ
Ãóæö ÇáúæóÞúÐõ ãöäúåóÇ Åöáóì ÍóÇáóÉò áóÇ íõÑúÌóì Ýöíåö Ãóäøó ÇáÐøóßóÇÉó
ÚóÇãöáóÉñ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÚúäöí Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÛóáóÈó ÇáÙøóäøõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÚöíÔõ¡
æóÐóáößó ÈöÃóäú áóÇ íõÕóÇÈó áóåóÇ ãóÞúÊóáñ.
æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÃóäøóåóÇ Êóåúáößõ ãöäú Ðóáößó
ÈöÅöÕóÇÈóÉö ãóÞúÊóáò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Þóæúãñ: ÊóÚúãóáõ ÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ
ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ ãöäú Þóæúáö
ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò. æóÞóÇáó
Þóæúãñ: áóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõ ÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ ÝöíåóÇ. æóÚóäú ãóÇáößò Ýöí Ðóáößó
ÇáúæóÌúåóÇäö¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúÃóÔúåóÑó ÃóäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõ Ýöí
ÇáúãóíúÆõæÓö ãöäúåóÇ.
æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÊóÃóæøóáó Ýöí ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö Ãóäøó ÇáúãóíúÆõæÓó ãöäúåóÇ Úóáóì
ÖóÑúÈóíúäö: ãóíúÆõæÓóÉñ ãóÔúßõæßñ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóãóíúÆõæÓóÉñ ãóÞúØõæÚñ
ÈöãóæúÊöåóÇ æóåöíó ÇáúãóäúÝõæÐóÉõ ÇáúãóÞóÇÊöáö Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò
Èóíúäóåõãú ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÞóÇÊöáö ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóíúÆõæÓóÉõ
ÇáúãóÔúßõæßõ ÝöíåóÇ ÝóÝöí ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö ÝöíåóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÊóÇäö
ãóÔúåõæÑóÊóÇäö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóäúÝõæÐóÉõ ÇáúãóÞóÇÊöáö ÝóáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö
ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö Ãóäøó ÇáÐøóßóÇÉó áóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó
íóÊóÎóÑøóÌõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒõ Úóáóì æóÌúåò ÖóÚöíÝò.
æóÓóÈóÈõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõåõãú Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãö Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì:
{ÅöáÇ ãóÇ ÐóßøóíúÊõãú} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 3] . åóáú åõæó ÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁñ ãõÊøóÕöáñ
ÝóíóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäó ÇáúÌöäúÓö ÈóÚúÖõ ãóÇ íóÊóäóÇæóáõåõ ÇááøóÝúÙõ æóåõæó
ÇáúãõäúÎóäöÞóÉõ æóÇáúãóæúÞõæÐóÉõ æóÇáúãõÊóÑóÏøöíóÉõ æóÇáäøóØöíÍóÉõ æóãóÇ
Ãóßóáó ÇáÓøóÈõÚõ Úóáóì ÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁö ÇáúãõÊøóÕöáö¡ Ãóãú åõæó
ÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁñ ãõäúÞóØöÚñ áóÇ ÊóÃúËöíÑó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö
ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö¡ ÅöÐú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÔóÃúäó ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁö
ÇáúãõäúÞóØöÚö Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö.
Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ãõÊøóÕöáñ ÞóÇáó: ÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ ÊóÚúãóáõ Ýöí åóÐöåö
ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇÝö ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁõ ãõäúÞóØöÚñ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ
ÊóÚúãóáõ ÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ ÝöíåóÇ.
æóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁó ãõÊøóÕöáñ
ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÐøóßóÇÉó ÊóÚúãóáõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÑúÌõæøö ãöäúåóÇ
ÞóÇáó: ÝóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁó áóåõ ÊóÃúËöíÑñ ÝöíåóÇ
Ýóåõæó ãõÊøóÕöáñ.
æóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóäú ÑóÃóì Ãóäøóåõ ãõäúÞóØöÚñ ÈöÃóäøó
ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãó áóãú íóÊóÚóáøóÞú ÈöÃóÚúíóÇäö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇÝö
ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉö æóåöíó ÍóíøóÉñ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó
ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ßóÐóáößó ÝóÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁõ ãõäúÞóØöÚñ¡
æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ãóÚúäóì Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÍõÑøöãóÊú Úóáóíúßõãõ
ÇáúãóíúÊóÉõ} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 3] ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó áóÍúãõ ÇáúãóíúÊóÉö¡ æóßóÐóáößó
áóÍúãõ ÇáúãóæúÞõæÐóÉö æóÇáúãõÊóÑóÏøöíóÉö æóÇáäøóØöíÍóÉö æóÓóÇÆöÑöåóÇ
Ãóíú áóÍúãõ ÇáúãóíúÊóÉö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö Óöæóì ÇáøóÊöí ÊóãõæÊõ ãöäú
ÊöáúÞóÇÁö äóÝúÓöåóÇ æóåöíó ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÓóãøóì ãóíúÊóÉð ÃóßúËóÑõ Ðóáößó Ýöí
ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö Ãóæú ÈöÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóáóãøóÇ Úõáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó áóãú íóßõäú ÊóÚúáöíÞó
ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö ÈöÃóÚúíóÇäö åóÐöåö æóåöíó ÍóíøóÉñ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÚõáøöÞó ÈöåóÇ
ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ áöÃóäøó áóÍúãó ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö ãõÍóÑøóãñ Ýöí ÍóÇáö
ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÈöÏóáöíáö ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÈöÏóáöíáö Þóæúáöåö
- Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - «ãóÇ ÞõØöÚó ãöäó ÇáúÈóåöíãóÉö
æóåöíó ÍóíøóÉñ Ýóåõæó ãóíúÊóÉñ» æóÌóÈó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Þóæúáõåõ {ÅöáÇ ãóÇ
ÐóßøóíúÊõãú} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 3]
(2/203)
ÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁð ãõäúÞóØöÚðÇ¡ áóßöäøó
ÇáúÍóÞøó Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ßóíúÝóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁö
ÝóæóÇÌöÈñ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ ÊóÚúãóáõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ Åöäú
ÚóáøóÞúäóÇ ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇÝö Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÈóÚúÏó
ÇáúãóæúÊö æóÌóÈó Ãóäú ÊóÏúÎõáó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÐúßöíóÉö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ãóÇ åöíó
ÍóíøóÉñ ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇÝõ ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉõ æóÛóíúÑõåóÇ¡ áöÃóäøóåóÇ ãóÇ ÏóÇãóÊú
ÍóíøóÉð ãõÓóÇæöíóÉð áöÛóíúÑöåóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö ÃóÚúäöí
ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÞúÈóáõ ÇáúÍöáøöíøóÉó ãöäú ÞöÈóáö ÇáÊøóÐúßöíóÉö ÇáøóÊöí
ÇáúãóæúÊõ ãöäúåóÇ åõæó ÓóÈóÈõ ÇáúÍöáøöíøóÉö.
æóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ: Åöäøó ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁó ãõÊøóÕöáñ ÝóáóÇ ÎóÝóÇÁó ÈöæõÌõæÈö
Ðóáößó.
æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó:
Åöäøó Úõãõæãó ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÝúåóãó ãöäúåõ ÊóäóÇæõáõ
ÃóÚúíóÇäö åóÐöåö ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö æóÞóÈúáóåõ ßóÇáúÍóÇáö Ýöí
ÇáúÎöäúÒöíÑö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõ Ýöíåö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ
ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÑóÇÝöÚðÇ áöÊóÍúÑöíãö ÃóÚúíóÇäöåóÇ
ÈöÇáÊøóäúÕöíÕö Úóáóì Úóãóáö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó
ßóÐóáößó áóãú íóáúÒóãú ãóÇ ÇÚúÊóÑóÖó Èöåö Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÑöÖõ ãöäó
ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁö ãõäúÞóØöÚðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäó ÇáúãóäúÝõæÐóÉö ÇáúãóÞóÇÊöáö æóÇáúãóÔúßõæßö
ÝöíåóÇ ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ãóÐúåóÈóåõ Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁó
ãõäúÞóØöÚñ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÌóÇÒó ÊóÃúËöíÑõ ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö Ýöí
ÇáúãóÑúÌõæøóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÞóÇÓó ÇáúãóÔúßõæßóÉó Úóáóì
ÇáúãóÑúÌõæøóÉö.
æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁó ãõÊøóÕöáñ¡ æóáóßöäøó
ÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøöäúÝö ãöäó ÇáúãóæúÞõæÐóÉö ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ æóÐóáößó
Ãóäøó ÇáÐøóßóÇÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú ÊóÚúãóáó Ýöí Íöíäö íõÞúØóÚõ
ÃóäøóåóÇ ÓóÈóÈõ ÇáúãóæúÊö.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Ôõßøó åóáú ßóÇäó ãõæÌöÈõ ÇáúãóæúÊö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉó Ãóæö
ÇáúæóÞúÐó Ãóæö ÇáäøóØúÍó Ãóæú ÓóÇÆöÑóåóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú ÊóÚúãóáó Ýöí
Ðóáößó æóåóÐöåö åöíó ÍóÇáõ ÇáúãóäúÝõæÐóÉö ÇáúãóÞóÇÊöáö¡ æóáóåõ Ãóäú
íóÞõæáó Åöäøó ÇáúãóäúÝõæÐóÉó ÇáúãóÞóÇÊöáö Ýöí Íõßúãö ÇáúãóíúÊóÉö¡
æóÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ ãöäú ÔóÑúØöåóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÑúÝóÚó ÇáúÍóíóÇÉó ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉó áóÇ
ÇáúÍóíóÇÉó ÇáÐøóÇåöÈóÉó.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: æóÃóãøóÇ åóáú ÊóÚúãóáõ ÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ Ýöí
ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäóÇÊö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö ÇáúÃóßúáö ÍóÊøóì ÊõØóåøöÑó ÈöÐóáößó
ÌõáõæÏóåõãú¿ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ; ÝóÞóÇáó
ãóÇáößñ: ÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ ÊóÚúãóáõ Ýöí ÇáÓøöÈóÇÚö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ
ÇáúÎöäúÒöíÑó¡ æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó
ÇáúãóÐúåóÈõ Ýöí ßóæúäö ÇáÓøöÈóÇÚö Ýöíåö ãõÍóÑøóãóÉð Ãóæú ãóßúÑõæåóÉð
Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÃóØúÚöãóÉö æóÇáúÃóÔúÑöÈóÉö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ: ÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ ÊóÚúãóáõ Ýöí ßõáøö ÍóíóæóÇäò ãõÍóÑøóãö
ÇáúÃóßúáö¡ ÝóíóÌõæÒõ ÈóíúÚõ ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÌúÒóÇÆöåö æóÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚõ ÈöåóÇ
ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ ÇááøóÍúãó.
æóÓóÈóÈõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö: åóáú ÌóãöíÚõ ÃóÌúÒóÇÁö ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö ÊóÇÈöÚóÉñ
áöáøóÍúãö Ýöí ÇáúÍöáøöíøóÉö æóÇáúÍõÑúãóÉö¡ Ãóãú áóíúÓóÊú ÈöÊóÇÈöÚóÉò
áöáøóÍúãö¿ Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáó ÅöäøóåóÇ ÊóÇÈöÚóÉñ áöáøóÍúãö ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ áóãú
ÊóÚúãóáö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ Ýöí ÇááøóÍúãö áóãú ÊóÚúãóáú ÝöíãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ. æóãóäú
ÑóÃóì ÃóäøóåóÇ áóíúÓóÊú ÈöÊóÇÈöÚóÉò ÞóÇáó: æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÚúãóáú Ýöí
ÇááøóÍúãö ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÃóÌúÒóÇÁö ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö¡
áöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóÌúÒóÇÁö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ
ÇÑúÊóÝóÚó ÈöÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúãõÍóÑøöãö áöáøóÍúãö ÚóãóáõåóÇ Ýöí ÇááøóÍúãö
ÈóÞöíó ÚóãóáõåóÇ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÌúÒóÇÁö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÏõáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ
Úóáóì ÇÑúÊöÝóÇÚöåö.
(2/204)
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ
Ýöí ÊóÃúËöíÑö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáúÈóåöíãóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÔúÑóÝóÊú Úóáóì
ÇáúãóæúÊö ãöäú ÔöÏøóÉö ÇáúãóÑóÖö ÈóÚúÏó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú Úóáóì Úóãóáö
ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÔúÑöÝõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóæúÊöº ÝóÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ Úóáóì
Ãóäøó ÇáÐøóßóÇÉó ÊóÚúãóáõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ Úóäú ãóÇáößò¡
æóÑõæöíó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøó ÇáÐøóßóÇÉó áóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõ ÝöíåóÇ.
æóÓóÈóÈõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉõ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö áöáúÃóËóÑö. ÝóÃóãøóÇ
ÇáúÃóËóÑõ: Ýóåõæó ãóÇ Ñõæöíó: «Ãóäøó ÃóãóÉð áößóÚúÈö Èúäö ãóÇáößò
ßóÇäóÊú ÊóÑúÚóì ÛóäóãðÇ ÈöÓóáúÚò ÝóÃõÕöíÈóÊú ÔóÇÉñ ãöäúåóÇ¡
ÝóÃóÏúÑóßóÊúåóÇ ÝóÐóßøóÊúåóÇ ÈöÍóÌóÑò¡ ÝóÓõÆöáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì
Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞóÇáó: ßõáõæåóÇ» ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ
ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ æóãõÓúáöãñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ: ÝóáöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãó ãöäó ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö ÃóäøóåóÇ
ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊõÝúÚóáõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóíøö æóåóÐöåö Ýöí Íõßúãö ÇáúãóíøöÊö æóßõáøõ
ãóäú ÃóÌóÇÒó ÐóÈúÍóåóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõãõ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõ
ÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ ÝöíåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö.
æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÝöíãóÇ åõæó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡
ÝóÈóÚúÖõåõãõ ÇÚúÊóÈóÑó ÇáúÍóÑóßóÉó æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú áóãú íóÚúÊóÈöÑúåóÇ¡
æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãóÐúåóÈõ ÒóíúÏö Èúäö
ËóÇÈöÊò ; æóÈóÚúÖõåõãõ ÇÚúÊóÈóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ËóáóÇËó ÍóÑóßóÇÊò: ØóÑúÝõ
ÇáúÚóíúäö æóÊóÍúÑöíßõ ÇáÐøóäóÈö æóÇáÑøóßúÖõ ÈöÇáÑøöÌúáö¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ
ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ æóÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí
ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúãóæøóÇÒö æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÔóÑóØó ãóÚó åóÐöåö
ÇáÊøóäóÝøõÓó¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇÈúäö ÍóÈöíÈò.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ åóáú ÊóÚúãóáõ ÐóßóÇÉõ ÇáúÃõãøö
Ýöí ÌóäöíäöåóÇ Ãóãú áóíúÓó ÊóÚúãóáõ Ýöíåö ; æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãóíúÊóÉñ
ÃóÚúäöí: ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ãöäúåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÐóÈúÍö ÇáúÃõãøö ÝóÐóåóÈó ÌõãúåõæÑõ
ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÐóßóÇÉó ÇáúÃõãøö ÐóßóÇÉñ áöÌóäöíäöåóÇ¡ æóÈöåö
ÞóÇáó ãóÇáößñ¡ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó: Åöäú ÎóÑóÌó
ÍóíøðÇ ÐõÈöÍó æóÃõßöáõ¡ æóÅöäú ÎóÑóÌó ãóíøöÊðÇ Ýóåõæó ãóíúÊóÉñ.
æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó ÐóßóÇÉó ÇáúÃõãøö ÐóßóÇÉñ áóåõ¡ ÈóÚúÖõåõãõ
ÇÔúÊóÑóØó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÊóãóÇãó ÎöáúÞóÊöåö æóäóÈóÇÊó ÔóÚúÑöåö¡ æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó
ãóÇáößñ. æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú áóãú íóÔúÊóÑöØú Ðóáößó¡ æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó
ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ.
æóÓóÈóÈõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõåõãú Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÃóËóÑö
ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö ãóÚó
ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö áöáúÃõÕõæáö¡ æóÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò åõæó: ÞóÇáó:
«ÓóÃóáúäóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóäö
ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö Ãóæö ÇáäøóÇÞóÉö Ãóæö ÇáÔøóÇÉö íóäúÍóÑõåóÇ ÃóÍóÏõäóÇ ÝóäóÌöÏõ
Ýöí ÈóØúäöåóÇ ÌóäöíäðÇ ÃóäóÃúßõáõåõ Ãóæú äõáúÞöíåö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ßõáõæåõ
Åöäú ÔöÆúÊõãú ÝóÅöäøó ÐóßóÇÊóåõ ÐóßóÇÉõ Ãõãøöåö» . æóÎóÑøóÌó ãöËúáóåõ
ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò. æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí
ÊóÕúÍöíÍö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑö Ýóáóãú íõÕóÍøöÍúåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ
ÈóÚúÖõåõãú¡ æóÃóÍóÏõ ãóäú ÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö áöáúÃóËóÑö¡ Ýóåõæó
Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóäöíäó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóíøðÇ Ëõãøó ãóÇÊó ÈöãóæúÊö Ãõãøöåö
ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóãõæÊõ ÎóäúÞðÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ãöäó ÇáúãõäúÎóäöÞóÉö ÇáøóÊöí æóÑóÏó
ÇáäøóÕøõ ÈöÊóÍúÑöíãöåóÇ¡ æóÅöáóì ÊóÍúÑöíãöåö ÐóåóÈó ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäõ
ÍóÒúãò¡ æóáóãú íóÑúÖó ÓóäóÏó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÍöáøöíøóÊöåö Ýöí ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØöåöãú
äóÈóÇÊó ÇáÔøóÚúÑö Ýöíåö Ãóæú áóÇ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØöåö ÝóÇáÓøóÈóÈõ Ýöíåö
(2/205)
ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉõ ÇáúÚõãõæãö áöáúÞöíóÇÓö¡
æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó Úõãõæãó Þóæúáöåö - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -:
«ÐóßóÇÉõ ÇáúÌóäöíäö ÐóßóÇÉõ Ãõãøöåö» íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäú áóÇ íóÞóÚó åõäóÇáößó
ÊóÝúÕöíáñ¡ æóßóæúäõåõ ãóÍóáøðÇ áöáÐøóßóÇÉö íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäú íõÔúÊóÑóØó
Ýöíåö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉõ ÞöíóÇÓðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÚúãóáõ ÝöíåóÇ
ÇáÊøóÐúßöíóÉõ¡ æóÇáúÍóíóÇÉõ áóÇ ÊõæÌóÏõ Ýöíåö ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ äóÈóÊó
ÔóÚúÑõåõ æóÊóãøó ÎóáúÞõåõ.
æóíõÚóÖøöÏõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÑúØó ãóÑúæöíøñ Úóäö ÇÈúäö
ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÚóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
æóÑóæóì ãóÚúãóÑñ Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ßóÚúÈö Èúäö
ãóÇáößò ÞóÇáó: «ßóÇäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞõæáõæäó: ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÔúÚóÑó ÇáúÌóäöíäõ ÝóÐóßóÇÊõåõ
ÐóßóÇÉõ Ãõãøöåö» .
æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì¡ ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó
ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - " ÐóßóÇÉõ
ÇáúÌóäöíäö ÐóßóÇÉõ Ãõãøöåö¡ ÃóÔúÚóÑó Ãóæú áóãú íõÔúÚöÑú» . ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó
ÇÈúäó ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì ÓóíøöÆõ ÇáúÍöÝúÙö ÚöäúÏóåõãú¡ æóÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ íóÞúÊóÖöí
Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÐóßóÇÊõåõ Ýöí ÐóßóÇÉö Ãõãøöåö ãöäú ÞöÈóáö Ãóäøóåõ ÌõÒúÁñ
ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö
ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö Ýöíåö¡ ÝóíóÖúÚõÝõ Ãóäú íõÎóÕøóÕó ÇáúÚõãõæãõ ÇáúæóÇÑöÏõ Ýöí
Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÐößúÑõåõ Úóäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãóÇáößò.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÑóÇÏö ; ÝóÞóÇáó
ãóÇáößñ: áóÇ íõÄúßóáõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÐóßóÇÉò¡ æóÐóßóÇÊõåõ ÚöäúÏóåõ åõæó
Ãóäú íõÞúÊóáó ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÞóØúÚö ÑóÃúÓöåö Ãóæú ÈöÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
æóÞóÇáó ÚóÇãøóÉõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö: íóÌõæÒõ Ãóßúáõ ãóíúÊóÊöåö¡ æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó
ãõØóÑøöÝñ. æóÐóßóÇÉõ ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÐöí Ïóãò ÚöäúÏó ãóÇáößò ßóÐóßóÇÉö
ÇáúÌóÑóÇÏö.
æóÓóÈóÈõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú Ýöí ãóíúÊóÉö ÇáúÌóÑóÇÏö åõæó: åóáú íóÊóäóÇæóáõåõ
ÇÓúãõ ÇáúãóíúÊóÉö Ãóãú áóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÍõÑøöãóÊú Úóáóíúßõãõ
ÇáúãóíúÊóÉõ} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 3] ¡ æóáöáúÎöáóÇÝö ÓóÈóÈñ ÂÎóÑõ æóåõæó: åóáú åõæó
äóËúÑóÉõ ÍõæÊò Ãóæú ÍóíóæóÇäñ ÈóÑøöíøñ.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ: æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáøóÐöí íóÊóÕóÑøóÝõ Ýöí
ÇáúÈóÑøö æóÇáúÈóÍúÑö åóáú íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÐóßóÇÉò Ãóãú áóÇ¿ ÝóÛóáøóÈó
Þóæúãñ Ýöíåö Íõßúãó ÇáúÈóÑøö¡ æóÛóáøóÈó ÂÎóÑõæäó Íõßúãó ÇáúÈóÍúÑö¡
æóÇÚúÊóÈóÑó ÂÎóÑõæäó ÍóíúËõ íóßõæäõ ÚóíúÔõåõ æóãõÊóÕóÑøóÝõåõ ãöäúåõãóÇ
ÛóÇáöÈðÇ.
(2/206)
[ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýöí ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö]
ö - æóÝöí ÞóæóÇÚöÏö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ãóÓúÃóáóÊóÇäö:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: Ýöí ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö ÇáúãõÎúÊóÕøóÉö
ÈöÕöäúÝò ÕöäúÝò ãöäú ÈóåöíãóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö.
ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Ýöí ÕöÝóÉö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÃóæúáóì: æóÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÐøóßóÇÉó Ýöí
ÈóåöíãóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö äóÍúÑñ æóÐóÈúÍñ¡ æóÃóäøó ãöäú ÓõäøóÉö ÇáúÛóäóãö
æóÇáØøóíúÑö ÇáÐøóÈúÍó¡ æóÃóäøó ãöäú ÓõäøóÉö ÇáúÅöÈöáö ÇáäøóÍúÑó¡ æóÃóäøó
ÇáúÈóÞóÑó íóÌõæÒõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÐøóÈúÍõ æóÇáäøóÍúÑõ.
æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ åóáú íóÌõæÒõ ÇáäøóÍúÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÛóäóãö æóÇáØøóíúÑö¡
æóÇáÐøóÈúÍõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÈöáö¿ ÝóÐóåóÈó ãóÇáößñ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ
ÇáäøóÍúÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÛóäóãö æóÇáØøóíúÑö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÐøóÈúÍõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÈöáö¡
æóÐóáößó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö. æóÞóÇáó Þóæúãñ: íóÌõæÒõ
ÌóãöíÚõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ßóÑóÇåóÉò¡ æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ¡
æóÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ¡ æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÔúåóÈõ: Åöäú äõÍöÑó ãóÇ íõÐúÈóÍõ Ãóæú ÐõÈöÍó ãóÇ íõäúÍóÑõ
Ãõßöáó æóáóßöäøóåõ íõßúÑóåõ. æóÝóÑøóÞó ÇÈúäõ ÈõßóíúÑò Èóíúäó ÇáúÛóäóãö
æóÇáúÅöÈöáö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íõÄúßóáõ ÇáúÈóÚöíÑõ ÈöÇáÐøóÈúÍö æóáóÇ ÊõÄúßóáõ
ÇáÔøóÇÉõ ÈöÇáäøóÍúÑö¡ æóáóãú íóÎúÊóáöÝõæÇ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö Ðóáößó Ýöí
ãóæúÖöÚö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö.
æóÓóÈóÈõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö áöáúÚõãõæãö:
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚõãõæãõ: ÝóÞóæúáõåõ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -:
«ãóÇ ÃóäúåóÑó ÇáÏøóãó æóÐõßöÑó ÇÓúãõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåö ÝóßõáõæÇ» .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÝöÚúáõ: ÝóÅöäøóåõ ËóÈóÊó «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì
Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - äóÍóÑó ÇáúÅöÈöáó æóÇáúÈóÞóÑó æóÐóÈóÍó
ÇáúÛóäóãó» .
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÐóÈúÍö ÇáúÈóÞóÑö áöÞóæúáöåö
ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóÃúãõÑõßõãú Ãóäú ÊóÐúÈóÍõæÇ ÈóÞóÑóÉð} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ:
67] . æóÚóáóì ÐóÈúÍö ÇáúÛóäóãö ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÝóÏóíúäóÇåõ
ÈöÐöÈúÍò ÚóÙöíãò} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 107] .
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: æóÃóãøóÇ ÕöÝóÉõ ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö: ÝóÅöäøóåõãõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÐøóÈúÍó ÇáøóÐöí íõÞúØóÚõ Ýöíåö ÇáúæóÏóÌóÇäö
æóÇáúãóÑøöíÁõ æóÇáúÍõáúÞõæãõ ãõÈöíÍñ áöáúÃóßúáö. æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ãöäú
Ðóáößó Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó:
ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: åóáö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÞóØúÚõ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ßõáøöåóÇ Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ¿
æóåóáö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÞúØõæÚö ãöäúåóÇ ÞóØúÚõ Çáúßõáøö Ãóæö
ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö¿
æóåóáú ãöäú ÔóÑúØö ÇáúÞóØúÚö Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÞóÚó ÇáúÌóæúÒóÉõ Åöáóì ÌöåóÉö
ÇáúÈóÏóäö Èóáú Åöáóì ÌöåóÉö ÇáÑøóÃúÓö¿
æóåóáú Åöäú ÞóØóÚóåóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÚõäõÞö ÌóÇÒó ÃóßúáõåóÇ Ãóãú áóÇ¿
æóåóáú Åöäú ÊóãóÇÏóì Ýöí ÞóØúÚö åóÐöåö ÍóÊøóì ÞóØóÚó ÇáäøõÎóÇÚó ÌóÇÒó
Ðóáößó Ãóãú áóÇ¿
æóåóáú ãöäú ÔóÑúØö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö Ãóäú áóÇ íóÑúÝóÚó íóÏóåõ ÍóÊøóì íõÊöãøó
ÇáÐøóßóÇÉó Ãóãú áóÇ¿
ÝóåóÐöåö ÓöÊøõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó: Ýöí ÚóÏóÏö ÇáúãóÞúØõæÚö¡ æóÝöí ãöÞúÏóÇÑöåö
æóÝöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö æóÝöí äöåóÇíóÉö ÇáúÞóØúÚö¡ æóÝöí ÌöåóÊöåö ÃóÚúäöí: ãöäú
ÞõÏøóÇãò Ãóæú ÎóáúÝò æóÝöí ÕöÝóÊöåö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÃõæáóì æóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑó Úóäú
ãóÇáößò Ýöí Ðóáößó åõæó ÞóØúÚõ ÇáúæóÏóÌóíúäö æóÇáúÍõáúÞõæãö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ
(2/207)
áóÇ íõÌúÒöÆõ ÃóÞóáøõ ãöäú Ðóáößó: æóÞöíáó
Úóäúåõ: Èóáö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ. æóÞöíáó Èóáö ÇáúæóÏóÌóÇäö ÝóÞóØú.
æóáóãú íóÎúÊóáöÝö ÇáúãóÐúåóÈõ Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóÑúØó Ýöí ÞóØúÚö
ÇáúæóÏóÌóíúäö åõæó ÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÄõåõãóÇ. æóÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÞóØúÚö ÇáúÍõáúÞõæãö
Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöæõÌõæÈöåö¡ ÝóÞöíáó: ßõáøõåõ¡ æóÞöíáó: ÃóßúËóÑõåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÐúßöíóÉö åõæó
ÞóØúÚõ ËóáóÇËóÉò ÛóíúÑö ãõÚóíøóäóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö: ÅöãøóÇ
ÇáúÍõáúÞõæãõ æóÇáúæóÏóÌóÇäö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÇáúãóÑöíÁõ æóÇáúÍõáúÞõæãõ æóÃóÍóÏõ
ÇáúæóÏóÌóíúäö¡ Ãóæö ÇáúãóÑöíÁõ æóÇáúæóÏóÌóÇäö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ:
ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÞóØúÚõ ÇáúãóÑöíÁö æóÇáúÍõáúÞõæãö ÝóÞóØú. æóÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ
Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö: ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÞóØúÚõ ÃóßúËóÑö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó
ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö.
æóÓóÈóÈõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÃúÊö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÔóÑúØñ ãóäúÞõæáñ¡
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÃóËóÑóÇäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: íóÞúÊóÖöí ÅöäúåóÇÑó
ÇáÏøóãö ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÞóØúÚó ÇáúÃóæúÏóÇÌö ãóÚó ÅöäúåóÇÑö
ÇáÏøóãö.
ÝóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö ÑóÇÝöÚö Èúäö ÎóÏöíÌò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ
æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -: «ãóÇ ÃóäúåóÑó ÇáÏøóãó æóÐõßöÑó ÇÓúãõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåö
Ýóßõáú» . æóåõæó ÍóÏöíËñ ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö.
æóÑõæöíó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃõãóÇãóÉó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ãóÇ ÝóÑóì ÇáúÃóæúÏóÇÌó ÝóßõáõæÇ¡ ãóÇ áóãú
íóßõäú ÑóÖøó äóÇÈò Ãóæú äóÎúÑó ÙõÝúÑò» .
ÝóÙóÇåöÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóæøóáö íóÞúÊóÖöí ÞóØúÚó ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóæúÏóÇÌö¡
ÝóÞóØú¡ áöÃóäøó ÅöäúåóÇÑó ÇáÏøóãö íóßõæäõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóÝöí ÇáËøóÇäöí
ÞóØúÚõ ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóæúÏóÇÌö¡ ÝóÇáúÍóÏöíËóÇäö æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ
ãõÊøóÝöÞóÇäö Úóáóì ÞóØúÚö ÇáúæóÏóÌóíúäö: ÅöãøóÇ ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ¡ Ãóæö
ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ ãöäú ßöáóíúåöãóÇ¡ Ãóæú ãöäú æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ æóáöÐóáößó
æóÌúåõ ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö Ãóäú íõÝúåóãó ãöäú áóÇãö
ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -: «ãóÇ
ÝóÑóì ÇáúÃóæúÏóÇÌó» ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ áóÇ Çáúßõáøõ¡ ÅöÐú ßóÇäóÊú áóÇãõ
ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝö Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÞóÏú ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÚúÖö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäö ÇÔúÊóÑóØó ÞóØúÚó ÇáúÍõáúÞõæãö æóÇáúãóÑøöíÁö ÝóáóíúÓó áóåõ
ÍõÌøóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æóÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇÔúÊóÑóØó
ÇáúãóÑøöíÁó æóÇáúÍõáúÞõæãó Ïõæäó ÇáúæóÏóÌóíúäö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÐóåóÈó Þóæúãñ
Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó åõæó ÞóØúÚõ ãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Úóáóì
ÌóæóÇÒöåö¡ áöÃóäøó ÇáÐøóßóÇÉó áóãøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍúáöíáö ;
æóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöí Ðóáößó äóÕøñ ÝöíãóÇ íõÌúÒöí æóÌóÈó Ãóäú íóßõæäó
ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒöåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ
Ãóäú íóÞõæãó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁö ãöäú Ðóáößó¡
æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ áöÃóäøó ãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Úóáóì ÅöÌúÒóÇÆöåö áóíúÓó
íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö.
æÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúÞóØúÚö) : æóåöíó
Åöäú áóãú íóÞúØóÚö ÇáúÌóæúÒóÉó Ýöí äöÕúÝöåóÇ æóÎóÑóÌóÊú Åöáóì ÌöåóÉö
ÇáúÈóÏóäö ÝóÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöíåö Ýöí ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ãóÇáößñ æóÇÈúäõ
ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö: áóÇ ÊõÄúßóáõ ; æóÞóÇáó ÃóÔúåóÈõ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÍóßóãö
æóÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò: ÊõÄúßóáõ.
æóÓóÈóÈõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö: åóáú ÞóØúÚõ ÇáúÍõáúÞõæãö ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö Ãóæú
áóíúÓó ÈöÔóÑúØò¿ Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáó Åöäøóåõ ÔóÑúØñ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú
ÊõÞúØóÚó ÇáúÌóæúÒóÉõ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóØóÚó ÝóæúÞó ÇáúÌóæúÒóÉö ÝóÞóÏú
ÎóÑóÌó ÇáúÍõáúÞõæãõ ÓóáöíãðÇ ; æóãóäú ÞóÇáó Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÔóÑúØò
ÞóÇáó: Åöäú ÞóØóÚó ÝóæúÞó ÇáúÌóæúÒóÉö ÌóÇÒó.
(2/208)
æÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ:
æóåöíó Åöäú ÞóØóÚó ÃóÚúÖóÇÁó ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö ãöäú äóÇÍöíóÉö ÇáúÚõäõÞö¡
ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÐúåóÈó áóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ
ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÔöåóÇÈò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóÃóÌóÇÒó
Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ËóæúÑò¡
æóÑõæöíó Ðóáößó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÚóáöíøò æóÚöãúÑóÇäó Èúäö
ÇáúÍõÕóíúäö.
æóÓóÈóÈõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú åóáú ÊóÚúãóáõ ÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ Ýöí ÇáúãóäúÝõæÐóÉö
ÇáúãóÞóÇÊöáö Ãóãú áóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõ¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÇØöÚó áöÃóÚúÖóÇÁö
ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö ãöäó ÇáúÞóÝóÇ áóÇ íóÕöáõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÈöÇáúÞóØúÚö ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó
ÞóØúÚö ÇáäøõÎóÇÚö¡ æóåõæó ãóÞúÊóáñ ãöäó ÇáúãóÞóÇÊöáö¡ ÝóÊóÑöÏõ
ÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ Úóáóì ÍóíóæóÇäò ÞóÏú ÃõÕöíÈó ãóÞúÊóáõåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó
ÓóÈóÈõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: æóåöíó Ãóäú íóÊóãóÇÏóì ÇáÐøóÇÈöÍõ
ÈöÇáÐøóÈúÍö ÍóÊøóì íóÞúØóÚó ÇáäøõÎóÇÚó) : ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇáößðÇ ßóÑöåó Ðóáößó
ÅöÐóÇ ÊóãóÇÏóì Ýöí ÇáúÞóØúÚö æóáóãú íóäúæö ÞóØúÚó ÇáäøõÎóÇÚö ãöäú
Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ áöÃóäøóåõ Åöäú äóæóì Ðóáößó ÝóßóÃóäøóåõ äóæóì
ÇáÊøóÐúßöíóÉó Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒóÉö. æóÞóÇáó ãõØóÑøöÝñ¡
æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÇÌöÔõæäö: áóÇ ÊõÄúßóáõ Åöäú ÞóØóÚóåóÇ ãõÊóÚóãøöÏðÇ Ïõæäó
Ìóåúáò¡ æóÊõÄúßóáõ Åöäú ÞóØóÚóåóÇ ÓóÇåöíðÇ Ãóæú ÌóÇåöáðÇ.
æÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ: æóåöíó åóáú ãöäú ÔóÑúØö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö
Ãóäú Êóßõæäó Ýöí ÝóæúÑò æóÇÍöÏò¿ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÐúåóÈó áóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõ
Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÔóÑúØö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÝóÚó íóÏóåõ
ÞóÈúáó ÊóãóÇãö ÇáÐøóÈúÍö Ëõãøó ÃóÚóÇÏóåóÇ ; æóÞóÏú ÊóÈóÇÚóÏó Ðóáößó
Ãóäøó Êöáúßó ÇáÐøóßóÇÉó áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ. æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÚóÇÏó íóÏóåõ
ÈöÝóæúÑö Ðóáößó æóÈöÇáúÞõÑúÈö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÈöíÈò: Åöäú ÃóÚóÇÏó
íóÏóåõ ÈöÇáúÝóæúÑö ÃõßöáóÊú. æóÞóÇáó ÓóÍúäõæäñ: áóÇ ÊõÄúßóáõ ; æóÞöíáó
Åöäú ÑóÝóÚóåóÇ áöãóßóÇäö ÇáöÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑö åóáú ÊóãøóÊö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ Ãóãú áóÇ
ÝóÃóÚóÇÏóåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÝóæúÑö Åöäú ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ÃóäøóåóÇ áóãú ÊóÊöãøó
ÃõßöáóÊú¡ æóåõæó ÃóÍóÏõ ãóÇ ÊõÄõæøöáó Úóáóì ÓóÍúäõæäò¡ æóÞóÏú ÊõÄõæøöáó
Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö.
ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇááøóÎúãöíøõ: æóáóæú Þöíáó ÚóßúÓõ åóÐóÇ áóßóÇäó
ÃóÌúæóÏó ÃóÚúäöí Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÝóÚó íóÏóåõ æóåõæó íóÙõäøõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú
ÃóÊóãøó ÇáÐøóßóÇÉó ÝóÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ÝóÃóÚóÇÏóåóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ
ÊõÄúßóáõ¡ áöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóæøóáó æóÞóÚó Úóäú Ôóßøò¡ æóåóÐóÇ Úóäö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏò
Ùóäøóåõ íóÞöíäðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãöäú ÔóÑúØö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö
ÞóØúÚó ßõáøö ÃóÚúÖóÇÁö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÝóÚó íóÏóåõ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú
ÊõÓúÊóÊóãøó ßóÇäóÊú ãóäúÝõæÐóÉó ÇáúãóÞóÇÊöáö ÛóíúÑó ãõÐóßøóÇÉò¡ ÝóáóÇ
ÊõÄóËøöÑõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÚóæúÏóÉõ¡ áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÐóßóÇÉò ØóÑóÃóÊú
Úóáóì ÇáúãóäúÝõæÐóÉö ÇáúãóÞóÇÊöáö.
[ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ ÝöíãóÇ Êóßõæäõ Èöåö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ]
õ ÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóÇ ÃóäúåóÑó ÇáÏøóãó æóÝóÑóì
ÇáúÃóæúÏóÇÌó ãöäú ÍóÏöíÏò Ãóæú ÕóÎúÑò Ãóæú ÚõæÏò Ãóæú ÞóÖöíÈò Ãóäøó
ÇáÊøóÐúßöíóÉó Èöåö ÌóÇÆöÒóÉñ.
æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ËóáóÇËóÉò: Ýöí ÇáÓøöäøö¡ æóÇáÙøõÝúÑö¡ æóÇáúÚóÙúãö¡
Ýóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú ÃóÌóÇÒó ÇáÊøóÐúßöíóÉó ÈöÇáúÚóÙúãö¡ æóãóäóÚóåóÇ
ÈöÇáÓøöäøö æóÇáÙøõÝúÑö¡ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ãóäóÚõæåóÇ ÈöÇáÓøöäøö æóÇáÙøõÝúÑö
ãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäó Ãóäú íóßõæäóÇ ãóäúÒõæÚóíúäö Ãóæú áóÇ
íóßõæäóÇ ãóäúÒõæÚóíúäö: ÝóÃóÌóÇÒó ÇáÊøóÐúßöíóÉó ÈöåöãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÇ
ãóäúÒõæÚóíúäö¡ æóáóãú íõÌöÒúåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÇ ãõÊøóÕöáóíúäö ; æóãöäúåõãú
ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáÐøóßóÇÉó ÈöÇáÓøöäøö æóÇáúÚóÙúãö ãóßúÑõæåóÉñ ÛóíúÑõ
ãóãúäõæÚóÉò.
æóáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö Ãóäøó ÇáÐøóßóÇÉó ÈöÇáúÚóÙúãö ÌóÇÆöÒóÉñ
ÅöÐóÇ ÃóäúåóÑó ÇáÏøóãó¡ æóÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÇáÓøöäøö æóÇáÙøõÝúÑö Ýöíåö Úóáóì
ÇáúÃóÞóÇæöíáö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÚúäöí: ÈöÇáúãóäúÚö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóÇáúÝóÑúÞö
ÝöíåöãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáöÇäúÝöÕóÇáö æóÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáö¡ æóÈöÇáúßóÑóÇåöíóÉö áóÇ
ÈöÇáúãóäúÚö.
(2/209)
æóÓóÈóÈõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõåõãú
Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãö Çáäøóåúíö ÇáúæóÇÑöÏö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ
æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö «ÑóÇÝöÚö Èúäö ÎóÏöíÌò¡ æóÝöíåö: ÞóÇáó: " íóÇ
ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÅöäøóÇ áóÇÞõæ ÇáúÚóÏõæøö ÛóÏðÇ æóáóíúÓó ãóÚóäóÇ ãõÏðì¡
ÝóäóÐúÈóÍõ ÈöÇáúÞóÕóÈö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -:
ãóÇ ÃóäúåóÑó ÇáÏøóãó æóÐõßöÑó ÇÓúãõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåö Ýóßõáú¡ áóíúÓó
ÇáÓøöäøó æóÇáÙøõÝúÑó¡ æóÃõÍóÏøöËõßõãú Úóäúåõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøöäøõ ÝóÚóÙúãñ¡
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÙøõÝúÑõ ÝóãõÏóì ÇáúÍóÈóÔóÉö» .
Ýóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú Ýóåöãó ãöäúåõ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó áöãóßóÇäö Ãóäøó åóÐöåö
ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁó áóíúÓó Ýöí ØóÈúÚöåóÇ Ãóäú ÊõäúåöÑó ÇáÏøóãó ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ;
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú Ýóåöãó ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ÔóÑúÚñ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÚóáøóáò.
æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÝóåöãõæÇ ãöäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÔóÑúÚñ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÚóáøóáò: ãöäúåõãú
ãóäö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ãóäøó Çáäøóåúíó Ýöí Ðóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÝóÓóÇÏö
Çáúãóäúåöíøö Úóäúåõ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì
ÝóÓóÇÏö Çáúãóäúåöíøö Úóäúåõ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ãóäøó Çáäøóåúíó
Ýöí Ðóáößó Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö áóÇ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÍóÙúÑö.
Ýóãóäú Ýóåöãó Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõäúåöÑõ ÇáÏøóãó
ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ æõÌöÏó ãöäúåõãóÇ ãóÇ íõäúåöÑõ ÇáÏøóãó ÌóÇÒó¡
æóáöÐóáößó ÑóÃóì ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ãóäú íóßõæäóÇ ãõäúÝóÕöáóíúäö ÅöÐú ßóÇäó
ÅöäúåóÇÑõ ÇáÏøóãö ãöäúåõãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÇ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö Ãóãúßóäó¡
æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó.
æóãóäú ÑóÃóì Ãóäøó Çáäøóåúíó ÚóäúåõãóÇ åõæó ãóÔúÑõæÚñ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÚóáøóáò
æóÃóäøóåõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÝóÓóÇÏö Çáúãóäúåöíøö Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäú ÐõÈöÍó
ÈöåöãóÇ áóãú ÊóÞóÚö ÇáÊøóÐúßöíóÉõ ; æóÅöäú ÃõäúåöÑó ÇáÏøóãõ.
æóãóäú ÑóÃóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÝóÓóÇÏö Çáúãóäúåöíøö Úóäúåõ
ÞóÇáó: Åöäú ÝóÚóáó æóÃóäúåóÑó ÇáÏøóãó ÃóËöãó æóÍóáøóÊö ÇáÐøóÈöíÍóÉõ.
æóãóäú ÑóÃóì Ãóäøó Çáäøóåúíó Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúßóÑóÇåöíóÉö ßóÑöåó Ðóáößó
æóáóãú íõÍóÑøöãúåõ.
æóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöÞóæúáö ãóäú ÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäó ÇáúÚóÙúãö æóÇáÓøöäøö¡
ÝóÅöäøóåõ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ÞóÏú Úóáøóáó ÇáúãóäúÚó
Ýöí ÇáÓøöäøö ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÚóÙúãñ.
æóáóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈõ Ãóäøóåõ íõßúÑóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö ãöäó
ÇáúãóÍúÏõæÏóÇÊö ãóÚó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö áöÞóæúáöåö - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ
æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -: «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ßóÊóÈó ÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÊóáúÊõãú ÝóÃóÍúÓöäõæÇ ÇáúÞöÊúáóÉó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÐóÈóÍúÊõãú
ÝóÃóÍúÓöäõæÇ ÇáÐøöÈúÍóÉó æóáúíõÍöÏøó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÔóÝúÑóÊóåõ¡ æóáúíõÑöÍú
ÐóÈöíÍóÊóåõ» ÎóÑøóÌóåõ ãõÓúáöãñ.
[ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ Ýöí ÔõÑõæØö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö]
ö æóÝöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ËóáóÇËõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÃõæáóì: Ýöí ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Ýöí ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇÓúÊöÞúÈóÇáö ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Ýöí ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇáäøöíøóÉö.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÃõæáóì: æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí Íõßúãö ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö Úóáóì
ÇáÐøóÈöíÍóÉö Úóáóì ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÞúæóÇáò: ÝóÞöíáó: åöíó ÝóÑúÖñ Úóáóì
ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö¡ æóÞöíáó: Èóáú åöíó ÝóÑúÖñ ãóÚó ÇáÐøößúÑö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãóÚó
ÇáäøöÓúíóÇäö¡ æóÞöíáó: Èóáú åöíó ÓõäøóÉñ ãõÄóßøóÏóÉñ. æóÈöÇáúÞóæúáö
ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÞóÇáó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó æóÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ¡
æóÇÈúäõ ÓöíÑöíäó¡ æóÈöÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÞóÇáó ãóÇáößñ¡ æóÃóÈõæ
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æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÑúæöíøñ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò
(2/210)
æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó. æóÓóÈóÈõ
ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉõ ÙóÇåöÑö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ýöí Ðóáößó áöáúÃóËóÑö.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ: ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáÇ ÊóÃúßõáõæÇ ãöãøóÇ áóãú
íõÐúßóÑö ÇÓúãõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåö æóÅöäøóåõ áóÝöÓúÞñ} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 121] .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ ÇáúãõÚóÇÑöÖóÉõ áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÝóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ
ãóÇáößñ Úóäú åöÔóÇãò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÓõÆöáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö
- Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞöíáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Åöäøó
äóÇÓðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÇÏöíóÉö íóÃúÊõæäóäóÇ ÈöáõÍúãóÇäò æóáóÇ äóÏúÑöí
ÃóÓóãøóæõÇ Çááøóåó ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ãóãú áóÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì
Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ÓóãøõæÇ Çááøóåó ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ëõãøó ßõáõæåóÇ»
.
ÝóÐóåóÈó ãóÇáößñ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó äóÇÓöÎóÉñ áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡
æóÊóÃóæøóáó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ßóÇäó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡
æóáóãú íóÑó Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ¡ áöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÙóÇåöÑõåõ
Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÂíóÉõ ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö ãóßøöíøóÉñ¡ ÝóÐóåóÈó
ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ áöãóßóÇäö åóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈó ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÈöÃóäú Íóãóáó ÇáúÃóãúÑó
ÈöÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÏúÈö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäö ÇÔúÊóÑóØó ÇáÐøößúÑó Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÝóãóÕöíÑðÇ Åöáóì
Þóæúáöåö - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -: «ÑõÝöÚó Úóäú ÃõãøóÊöí
ÇáúÎóØóÃõ æóÇáäøöÓúíóÇäõ æóãóÇ ÇÓúÊõßúÑöåõæÇ Úóáóíúåö» .
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: æóÃóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊöÞúÈóÇáõ ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö
ÈöÇáÐøóÈöíÍóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÞóæúãðÇ ÇÓúÊóÍóÈøõæÇ Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóæúãðÇ ÃóÌóÇÒõæÇ
Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóæúãðÇ ÃóæúÌóÈõæåõ¡ æóÞóæúãðÇ ßóÑöåõæÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÓúÊóÞúÈóáó
ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉõ. æóÇáúßóÑóÇåöíóÉõ æóÇáúãóäúÚõ ãóæúÌõæÏóÇäö Ýöí
ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö¡ æóåöíó ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ ãóÓúßõæÊñ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÝöíåóÇ
ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉõ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÏõáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö Ðóáößó¡
æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÔóíúÁñ íóÕúáõÍõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÕúáðÇ ÊõÞóÇÓõ
Úóáóíúåö åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÝöíåóÇ ÞöíóÇÓñ
ãõÑúÓóáñ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÓúÊóäöÏõ Åöáóì ÃóÕúáò
ãóÎúÕõæÕò ÚöäúÏó ãóäú ÃóÌóÇÒóåõ¡ Ãóæú ÞöíóÇÓõ ÔóÈóåò ÈóÚöíÏò¡ æóÐóáößó
Ãóäøó ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉó åöíó ÌöåóÉñ ãõÚóÙøóãóÉñ¡ æóåóÐöåö ÚöÈóÇÏóÉñ¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó
Ãóäú íõÔúÊóÑóØó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÌöåóÉõ¡ áóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ
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æóÞöíóÇÓõ ÇáÐøóÈúÍö Úóáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈóÚöíÏñ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÞöíóÇÓõåõ Úóáóì
ÇÓúÊöÞúÈóÇáö ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö ÈöÇáúãóíøöÊö.
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ÇáúæõÌõæÈö.
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ÚóíúäöåóÇ.
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ÊóÐúßöíóÊõåõ æóãóäú áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ]
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ÌóæóÇÒö ÊóÐúßöíóÊöåö¡ æóÕöäúÝñ ÇÊøõÝöÞó Úóáóì ãóäúÚö ÐóßóÇÊöåö¡ æóÕöäúÝñ
ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöíåö.
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æóÇáúÚóÞúáó æóÊóÑúßó ÊóÖúíöíÚö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÇÊøõÝöÞó Úóáóì ãóäúÚö ÊóÐúßöíóÊöåö: ÝóÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó
ÚóÈúÏóÉõ ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÐõÈöÍó Úóáóì
ÇáäøõÕõÈö} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 3] ¡ æóáöÞóæúáöåö: {æóãóÇ Ãõåöáøó áöÛóíúÑö Çááøóåö
Èöåö} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 3] .
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æóÇáÓøóßúÑóÇäõ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí íõÖóíøöÚõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó¡ æóÇáÓøóÇÑöÞõ¡
æóÇáúÛóÇÕöÈõ.
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ÐóÈóÇÆöÍöåöãú áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóØóÚóÇãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõæÊõæÇ
ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó Íöáøñ áóßõãú æóØóÚóÇãõßõãú Íöáøñ áóåõãú} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 5]
æóãõÎúÊóáöÝõæäó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö. ÝóÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ
áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ãöäú äóÕóÇÑóì Èóäöí ÊóÛúáöÈó æóáóÇ ãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó¡
æóÐóÈóÍõæÇ áöÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú¡ æóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõãú ÓóãøóæõÇ Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì
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Ãóäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ ÇáÔøóÍúãó.
æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ãõÞóÇÈöáóÇÊö åóÐöåö ÇáÔøõÑõæØö ÃóÚúäöí: ÅöÐóÇ ÐóÈóÍõæÇ
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æóßóÐóáößó ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøõÍõæãö.
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æóÓóÈóÈõ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö: åóáú ãöäú ÔóÑúØö ÐóÈúÍö ÇáúãõÓúáöãö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõ
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äöíøóÉó ÇáúãõÓúÊóäöíÈö ÊõÌúÒöí æóåõæó ÃóÕúáõ Þóæúáö ÇÈúäö æóåúÈò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: æóåöíó ÐóÈóÇÆöÍõ äóÕóÇÑóì Èóäöí
ÊóÛúáöÈó æóÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó: ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÐóÈóÇÆöÍó
ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÍõßúãõåóÇ Íõßúãõ ÐóÈóÇÆöÍö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡
æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò. æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú áóãú íõÌúÒö ÐóÈóÇÆöÍóåõãú¡
æóåõæó ÃóÍóÏõ Þóæúáóíö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóåõæó ãóÑúæöíøñ Úóäú Úóáöíøò -
ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -.
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æóÓóÈóÈõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö: åóáú íóÊóäóÇæóáõ
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Ãóåúáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÓóãøóæõÇ Çááøóåó Úóáóì ÇáÐøóÈöíÍóÉö ÝóÞóÇáó
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æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáÔøõÍõæãó ãõÍóÑøóãóÉñ
æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÃóÔúåóÈó. æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ãóßúÑõæåóÉñ¡
æóÇáúÞóæúáóÇäö Úóäú ãóÇáößò. æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ãõÈóÇÍóÉñ.
æóíóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÇáÔøõÍõæãö ÓóÈóÈñ ÂÎóÑõ ãöäú
(2/213)
ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Óöæóì ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö
ÇáúÚõãõæãö áöÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÊóÍúáöíáö ÇáÐøóÈöíÍóÉö ÈöÇáÐøóßóÇÉö¡
æóåõæó åóáú ÊóÊóÈóÚøóÖõ ÇáÊøóÐúßöíóÉõ Ãóæú áóÇ ÊóÊóÈóÚøóÖõ¿ .
Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÊóÊóÈóÚøóÖõ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÊõÄúßóáõ ÇáÔøõÍõæãõ¡ æóãóäú ÞóÇáó
áóÇ ÊóÊóÈóÚøóÖõ ÞóÇáó: íõÄúßóáõ ÇáÔøóÍúãõ.
æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÊóÍúáöíáö ÔõÍõæãö ÐóÈóÇÆöÍöåöãú ÍóÏöíËõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö
Èúäö ãõÛóÝøóáò «ÅöÐú ÃóÕóÇÈó ÌöÑóÇÈó ÇáÔøóÍúãö íóæúãó ÎóíúÈóÑó» ¡ æóÞóÏú
ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö.
; æóãóäú ÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäó ãóÇ ÍõÑøöãó Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäú Ðóáößó Ýöí ÃóÕúáö
ÔóÑúÚöåöãú æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ ÍóÑøóãõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÍõÑøöãó
Úóáóíúåöãú åõæó ÃóãúÑñ ÍóÞøñ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõ Ýöíåö ÇáÐøóßóÇÉõ¡ æóãóÇ
ÍóÑøóãõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú åõæó ÃóãúÑñ ÈóÇØöáñ¡ ÝóÊóÚúãóáõ Ýöíåö
ÇáÊøóÐúßöíóÉõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí: æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÍõÑøöãó Úóáóíúåöãú Ãóæú ÍóÑøóãõæÇ
Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú åõæó Ýöí æóÞúÊö ÔóÑöíÚóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÃóãúÑñ
ÈóÇØöáñ¡ ÅöÐú ßóÇäóÊú äóÇÓöÎóÉð áöÌóãöíÚö ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäú
áóÇ íõÑóÇÚóì ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó.
æóáóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõåãú Ýöí ÊóÍúáöíáö
ÇáÐøóÈóÇÆöÍö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóáóÇ ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏó ÔóÑöíÚóÊöåöãú¡
áöÃóäøóåõ áóæö ÇÔúÊõÑöØó Ðóáößó áöãóÇ ÌóÇÒó Ãóßúáõ ÐóÈóÇÆöÍöåöãú
ÈöæóÌúåò ãöäó ÇáúæõÌõæåö¡ áößóæúäö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÔóÑöíÚóÊöåöãú Ýöí Ðóáößó
ãóäúÓõæÎðÇ¡ æóÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÔóÑöíÚóÊöäóÇ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ
åóÐóÇ Íõßúãñ ÎóÕøóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Èöåö¡ ÝóÐóÈóÇÆöÍõåõãú æóÇááøóåõ
ÃóÚúáóãõ ÌóÇÆöÒóÉñ áóäóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÇÑúÊóÝóÚó Íõßúãõ
ÂíóÉö ÇáÊøóÍúáöíáö ÌõãúáóÉð. ÝóÊóÃóãøóáú åóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Èóíøöäñ¡
æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÌõæÓõ: ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ
ÐóÈóÇÆöÍõåõãú áöÃóäøóåõãú ãõÔúÑößõæäó¡ æóÊóãóÓøóßó Þóæúãñ Ýöí
ÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåóÇ ÈöÚõãõæãö Þóæúáöåö - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -:
«ÓõäøõæÇ Èöåöãú ÓõäøóÉó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö» .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÕøóÇÈöÆõæäó: ÝóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Ýöíåöãú ãöäú ÞöÈóáö
ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú Ýöí: åóáú åõãú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóãú áóíúÓõæÇ ãöäú
Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¿
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ æóÇáÕøóÈöíøõ: ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑó Úóáóì Ãóäøó
ÐóÈóÇÆöÍóåõãú ÌóÇÆöÒóÉñ ÛóíúÑõ ãóßúÑõæåóÉò¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ãóÇáößò¡
æóßóÑöåó Ðóáößó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãõÕúÚóÈö.
æóÇáÓøóÈóÈõ Ýöí ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú: äõÞúÕóÇäõ ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö æóÇáÕøóÈöíøö¡
æóÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú íóÎúÊóáöÝö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö áöÍóÏöíËö
ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò: «Ãóäøó ÌóÇÑöíóÉð áößóÚúÈö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ßóÇäóÊú
ÊóÑúÚóì ÈöÓóáúÚò ÝóÃõÕöíÈóÊú ÔóÇÉñ¡ ÝóÃóÏúÑóßóÊúåóÇ ÝóÐóÈóÍóÊúåóÇ
ÈöÍóÌóÑò¡ ÝóÓõÆöáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -
Úóäú Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöåóÇ ÝóßõáõæåóÇ» . æóåõæó ÍóÏöíËñ
ÕóÍöíÍñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÌúäõæäõ æóÇáÓøóßúÑóÇäõ: ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇáößðÇ áóãú íõÌöÒú
ÐóÈöíÍóÊóåõãóÇ¡ æóÃóÌóÇÒó Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ.
æóÓóÈóÈõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö: ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØõ ÇáäøöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáÐøóßóÇÉö¡ Ýóãóäö
ÇÔúÊóÑóØó ÇáäøöíøóÉó ãóäóÚó Ðóáößó¡ ÅöÐú áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÌúäõæäö
æóáóÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøóßúÑóÇäö æóÈöÎóÇÕøóÉò ÇáúãõáúÊóÎøõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÌóæóÇÒõ ÊóÐúßöíóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÑöÞö æóÇáúÛóÇÕöÈö: ÝóÅöäøó
ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑó Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö Ðóáößó. æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ãóäóÚó Ðóáößó æóÑóÃóì
ÃóäøóåóÇ ãóíúÊóÉñ¡ æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó ÏóÇæõÏõ æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ ÇÈúäõ ÑóÇåóæóíöåö.
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æóÓóÈóÈõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú: åóáö Çáäøóåúíõ
íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÝóÓóÇÏö Çáúãóäúåöíøö Úóäúåõ Ãóæú áóÇ íóÏõáøõ¿ Ýóãóäú
ÞóÇáó: íóÏõáøõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÇáÓøóÇÑöÞõ æóÇáúÛóÇÕöÈõ ãóäúåöíøñ Úóäú ÐóßóÇÊöåóÇ
æóÊóäóÇæõáöåóÇ æóÊóãóáøõßöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÐóßøóÇåóÇ ÝóÓóÏóÊö
ÇáÊøóÐúßöíóÉõ. æóãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóÏõáøõ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Çáúãóäúåöíøõ
Úóäúåõ ÔóÑúØðÇ ãöäú ÔõÑõæØö Ðóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÞóÇáó: ÊóÐúßöíóÊõåõãú
ÌóÇÆöÒóÉñ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÕöÍøóÉõ Çáúãöáúßö ÔóÑúØðÇ ãöäú ÔõÑõæØö
ÇáÊøóÐúßöíóÉö.
æóÝöí ãõæóØøóÃö ÇÈúäö æóåúÈò: «Ãóäøóåõ ÓõÆöáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì
Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÚóäúåóÇ Ýóáóãú íóÑó ÈöåóÇ ÈóÃúÓðÇ» . æóÞóÏú
ÌóÇÁó ÅöÈóÇÍóÉõ Ðóáößó ãóÚó ÇáúßóÑóÇåöíóÉö ÝöíãóÇ Ñõæöíó «Úóäö
ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - Ýöí ÇáÔøóÇÉö
ÇáøóÊöí ÐõÈöÍóÊú ÈöÛóíúÑö ÅöÐúäö ÑóÈøöåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö -
Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÃóØúÚöãõæåóÇ ÇáúÃõÓóÇÑóì» .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÏúÑõ ßóÇÝò Ýöí ÃõÕõæáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóÇááøóåõ
ÃóÚúáóãõ.
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