ÃÍßÇã ÇáÞÑÂä áÇÈä ÇáÚÑÈí Ø ÇáÚáãíÉ [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö ÝöíåóÇ ÚöÔúÑõæäó
ÂíóÉð] [ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáúÃõæáóì Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì ÓõÈúÍóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí
ÃóÓúÑóì ÈöÚóÈúÏöåö áóíúáðÇ ãöäú ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö Åáóì
ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÃóÞúÕóì]
ð ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÓõÈúÍóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí
ÃóÓúÑóì ÈöÚóÈúÏöåö áóíúáÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö Åöáóì
ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáÃóÞúÕóì ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÇÑóßúäóÇ Íóæúáóåõ áöäõÑöíóåõ
ãöäú ÂíóÇÊöäóÇ Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáÓøóãöíÚõ ÇáúÈóÕöíÑõ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ:
1] ÝöíåóÇ ÓöÊøõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: Ýöí {ÓõÈúÍóÇäó} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 1]:
æóÝöíåö ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ ãóäúÕõæÈñ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÕúÏóÑöº ÞóÇáóåõ
ÓöíÈóæóíúåö æóÇáúÎóáöíáõ.
æóãóäóÚóåõ ÚöäúÏóåõãóÇ ãöäú ÇáÕøóÑúÝö ßóæúäõåõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉð
Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö ÒóÇÆöÏóÇäö.
æóÐóßóÑó ÓöíÈóæóíúåö Ãóäøó ãöäú ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ãöäú íóÕúÑöÝõåõ
æóíõÕóÑøöÝõåõ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó: åõæó ãóäúÕõæÈñ Úóáóì
ÇáäøöÏóÇÁö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ãóæúÖöÚó ÇáúãóÕúÏóÑö ãóäúÕõæÈñ
áöæõÞõæÚöåö ãóæúÞöÚóåõ.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóáöãóÉñ ÑóÖöíóåóÇ Çááøóåõ áöäóÝúÓöåöº
ÞóÇáóåõ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ æãóÚúäóÇåóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú
ÈóÑóÇÁóÉõ Çááøóåö ãöäú ÇáÓøõæÁö¡ æóÊóäúÒöíåõ Çááøóåö ãöäúåõ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑõ:
ÃóÞõæáõ áóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóäöí ÝóÎúÑõåõ ... ÓõÈúÍóÇäó ãöäú
ÚóáúÞóãóÉó ÇáúÝóÇÎöÑö
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ
ãóÕúÏóÑñ ÝóáöÃóäøóåõ ÌóÇÑò Úóáóì ÈöäóÇÁö ÇáúãóÕóÇÏöÑö¡
ÝóßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí Úóáóì ÝõÚúáóÇäó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÇÓúãñ æõÖöÚó áöáúãóÕúÏóÑö
ÝóáöÃóäøóåõãú ÑóÃóæúåõ áóÇ íóÌúÑöí Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáøóÐöí
åõæó ÓóÈøóÍó.
æÃóãøóÇ
(3/177)
Þóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó ÈöÃóäøóåõ
ãõäóÇÏðì ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõäóÇÏóì Ýöíåö ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ãöäú
ãóßóÇä ÈóÚöíÏò¡ æóåõæó ßóáóÇãñ ÌõãöÚó Ýöíåö Èóíúäó ÏóÚúæóì
ÝóÇÑöÛóÉò áóÇ ÈõÑúåóÇäó ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó áóÇ íóÚúÕöãõåõ
Ðóáößó ãöäú Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó áóåõ: åóáú åõæó ÇÓúãñ Ãóæú
ãóÕúÏóÑñ¿ æóãóÇ ÒóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó íõÌúÑöí Ýöí
ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö ØóáúÞóåõ ÍóÊøóì ÅÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ
ÚóÞóáóåõ ÇáúÚöíøõ æóÃóÛúáóÞóåõ.
æóÞóÏú ÌóãóÚó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúßóáöãóÉö ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö
Èúäõ ÚóÑóÝóÉó ÌõÒúÁðÇ ÞóÑóÃúäóÇåõ ÈöãóÏöíäóÉö ÇáÓøóáóÇãö¡
æóáóãú íóÍúÕõáú áóåõ Ýöíåö Úóäú ÇáÊøóÞúÕöíÑö ÓóáóÇãñ¡
æóÇáúÞóÏúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÔóÇÑó Åáóíúåö ÓöíÈóæóíúåö Ýöíåö
íóßúÝöí¡ ÝóáúíóÃúÎõÐú ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúßõãú æóíóßúÊóÝöí.
[ãóÓúÃóáóÉ ÃÔÑÝ ÇÓúã áöáäøóÈöíøö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {ÃóÓúÑóì ÈöÚóÈúÏöåö}
[ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 1]:
ÞóÇáó ÚõáóãóÇÄõäóÇ: áóæú ßóÇäó áöáäøóÈöíøö ÇÓúãñ ÃóÔúÑóÝó
ãöäúåõ áóÓóãøóÇåõ Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÚóáöíøóÉö Èöåö¡
æóÝöí ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÊõäúÔöÏõ ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉõ:
íóÇ Þóæúãö ÞóáúÈöí ÚöäúÏó ÒóåúÑóÇÁó ... íóÚúÑöÝõåóÇ
ÇáÓøóÇãöÚõ æóÇáÑøóÇÆöí
áóÇ ÊóÏúÚõäöí ÅáøóÇ ÈöíóÇ ÚóÈúÏóåóÇ ... ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÔúÑóÝõ
ÃóÓúãóÇÆöí
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ÌóãóÇáõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö
ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúßóÑöíãö Èúäõ åóæóÇÒöäó: áóãøóÇ ÑóÝóÚóåõ Åáóì
ÍóÖúÑóÊöåö ÇáÓøóäöíøóÉö¡ æóÃóÑúÞóÇåõ ÝóæúÞó ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö
ÇáúÚõáúæöíøóÉö¡ ÃóáúÒóãåõ ÇÓúãó ÇáúÚõÈõæÏöíøóÉö áóåõ¡
ÊóæóÇÖõÚðÇ áöáúÅöáóåöíøóÉö.
[ãóÓúÃóáóÉ åóáú ÃõÓúÑöíó ÈöÌóÓóÏö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Õóáøóì Çááøóå
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóãú ÈöÑõæÍöåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ:
ÞóÖóì Çááøóåõ ÈöÍößúãóÊöåö æóÍõßúãõåõ Ãóäú íóÊóßóáøóãó
ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ åóáú ÃõÓúÑöíó ÈöÌóÓóÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóå - Õóáøóì
Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóãú ÈöÑõæÍöåö¿ æóáóæúáóÇ
ãóÔöíÆóÉõ ÑóÈøöäóÇ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉõ ÈöÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö áóßóÇäóÊú
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÃóÈóíúäó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÅöäúÕóÇÝöº ÝóÅöäøó
ÇáúãõäúßöÑó áöÐóáößó áóÇ íóÎúáõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõáúÍöÏðÇ
íõäúßöÑõ ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉó¡ æóíóÑóì Ãóäøó ÇáËøóÞöíáó áóÇ íóÕúÚóÏõ
ÚõáõæøðÇ¡ æóØóÈúÚõåõ ÇÓúÊöÝóÇáñ ÝóãóÇ ÈóÇáõåõ íóÊóßóáøóãõ
ãóÚóäóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÚö¡ æóåõæó ãõäúßöÑñ áöáúÃóÕúáöº
æóåõæó æõÌõæÏõ ÇáúÅöáóåö æóÞõÏúÑóÊõåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íõÕóÑøöÝõ
ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö¡ áóÇ ÈöÇáØøóÈöíÚóÉö.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõäúßöÑõ ãöäú ÃóÛúÈöíóÇÁö ÇáúãöáøóÉö íõÞöÑøõ
ãóÚóäóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉö æóÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö
æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÝö æóÇáÊøóÏúÈöíÑö
æóÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑö¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: æóãóÇ ÇáøóÐöí íóãúäóÚõ ãöäú
ÇÑúÊöÞóÇÁö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Ýöí ÇáúåóæóÇÁö ÈöÞõÏúÑóÉö ÎóÇáöÞö
ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¿
(3/178)
ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáó: áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÑöÏú.
ÞõáúäóÇ áóåõ: ÞóÏú æóÑóÏó ãöäú ßõáøö ØóÑöíÞò Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö
ßõáøö ÝóÑöíÞò¡ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøòº ÞóÇáó ÃóäóÓñ: ÞóÇáó
ÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
æóÓóáøóãó -: «ÝõÑöÌó ÓóÞúÝõ ÈóíúÊöí¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÈöãóßøóÉó¡
ÝóäóÒóáó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ¡ ÝóÝóÑóÌó ÕóÏúÑöí¡ Ëõãøó ÛóÓóáóåõ ÈöãóÇÁö
ÒóãúÒóãó¡ Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁó ÈöØóÓúÊò ãöäú ÐóåóÈò ãõãúÊóáöÆò
ÍößúãóÉð æóÅöíãóÇäðÇ ÝóÃóÝúÑóÛóåõ Ýöí ÕóÏúÑöí¡ Ëõãøó
ÃóØúÈóÞóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÎóÐó ÈöíóÏöí ÝóÚóÑóÌó Èöí Åáóì
ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇäúÊóåóíúäóÇ Åáóì ÓóãóÇÁö
ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÞóÇáó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ áöÎóÇÒöäö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö: ÇÝúÊóÍú.
ÞóÇáó: ãóäú åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ. ÞóÇáó: åóáú ãóÚóß
ÃóÍóÏñ¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú¡ ãóÚöí ãõÍóãøóÏñ. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃõÑúÓöáó
Åáóíúåö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÝóÊóÍó ÚóáóæúäóÇ
ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÌõáñ Úóáóì íóãöíäöåö
ÃóÓúæöÏóÉñ¡ æóÚóáóì íóÓóÇÑöåö ÃóÓúæöÏóÉñ¡ ÅÐóÇ äóÙóÑó ÞöÈóáó
íóãöíäöåö ÖóÍößó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ äóÙóÑó ÞöÈóáó ÔöãóÇáöåö Èóßóì¡
ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÑúÍóÈðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö¡ æóÇáöÇÈúäö
ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö. ÞõáúÊ: íóÇ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ¡ ãóäú åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ
ÂÏóã¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÓúæöÏóÉõ Úóäú íóãöíäöåö æóÚóäú ÔöãóÇáöåö
äóÓóãõ Èóäöíåö¡ ÝóÃóåúáõ Çáúíóãöíäö ãöäúåõãú Ãóåúáõ
ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃóÓúæöÏóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí Úóäú ÔöãóÇáöåö Ãóåúáõ
ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ äóÙóÑó Úóäú íóãöíäöåö ÖóÍößó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ
äóÙóÑó Úóäú ÔöãóÇáöåö Èóßóì. Ëõãøó ÚóÑóÌó Èöí Åáóì
ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöÎóÇÒöäöåóÇ: ÇÝúÊóÍú¡
ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÎóÇÒöäõåóÇ ãöËúáó ãóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡
ÝóÝóÊóÍó. ÞóÇáó ÃóäóÓñ: ÝóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõ æóÌóÏó Ýöí
ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÂÏóãó¡ æóÅöÏúÑöíÓó¡ æóãõæÓóì¡ æóÚöíÓóì¡
æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó.»
æóáóãú íõËúÈöÊú ßóíúÝó ãóäóÇÒöáõåõãú¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÐóßóÑó
Ãóäøóåõ æóÌóÏó ÂÏóãó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíã
Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉö.
ÞóÇáó ÃóäóÓñ: «ÝóáóãøóÇ ãóÑøó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÚó ÌöÈúÑöíáó ÈöÅöÏúÑöíÓó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó:
ãóÑúÍóÈðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö¡ æóÇáúÃóÎö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö.
ÝóÞõáúÊ: ãóäú åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÅÏúÑöíÓõ. Ëõãøó ãóÑóÑúÊ
ÈöãõæÓóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÑúÍóÈðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö
æóÇáúÃóÎö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö. ÞõáúÊ: ãóäú åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ãõæÓóì.
Ëõãøó ãóÑóÑúÊ ÈöÚöíÓóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÑúÍóÈðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö
ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö æóÇáúÃóÎö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö. ÞõáúÊ: ãóäú åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó:
ÚöíÓóì. Ëõãøó ãóÑóÑúÊ ÈöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÑúÍóÈðÇ
ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö æóÇáöÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö. ÞõáúÊ: ãóäú
åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÅÈúÑóÇåöíãõ».
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÔöåóÇÈò: ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó
ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÃóÈóÇ ÍóÈøóÉó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøó ßóÇäóÇ íóÞõæáóÇäö:
ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -:
«Ëõãøó ÚóÑóÌó Èöí ÍóÊøóì ÙóåóÑúÊ áóãõÓúÊóæðì ÃóÓúãóÚõ Ýöíåö
ÕóÑöíÝó ÇáúÃóÞúáóÇãö».
(3/179)
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò¡ æóÃóäóÓõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò
ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -:
«ÝóÝóÑóÖó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÃõãøóÊöí ÎóãúÓöíäó ÕóáóÇÉð¡
ÝóÑóÌóÚúÊ ÈöÐóáößó ÍóÊøóì ãóÑóÑúÊ ÈöãõæÓóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇÐóÇ
ÝóÑóÖó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÃõãøóÊöß¿ ÞõáúÊ: ÝóÑóÖó ÎóãúÓöíäó
ÕóáóÇÉð. ÞóÇáó: ÇÑúÌöÚú Åáóì ÑóÈøöߺ ÝóÅöäøó ÃõãøóÊóß áóÇ
ÊõØöíÞõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÑóÇÌóÚóäöí¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚúÊ¡ ÝóæóÖóÚó ÔóØúÑóåóÇ¡
ÝóÑóÌóÚúÊ Åáóì ãõæÓóì¡ ÞõáúÊ: æóÖóÚó ÔóØúÑóåóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó:
ÇÑúÌöÚú Åáóì ÑóÈøöß¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃõãøóÊóß áóÇ ÊõØöíÞõ Ðóáößó.
ÝóÑóÌóÚúÊ¡ ÝóæóÖóÚó ÔóØúÑóåóÇ¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚúÊ Åáóíúåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó:
ÇÑúÌöÚú Åáóì ÑóÈøöß ÝóÅöäøó ÃõãøóÊóß áóÇ ÊõØöíÞõ Ðóáößó¡
ÝóÑóÇÌóÚúÊå¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: åöíó ÎóãúÓñ¡ æóåöíó ÎóãúÓõæäó áóÇ
íõÈóÏøóáõ ÇáúÞóæúáõ áóÏóíøó. ÝóÑóÌóÚúÊ Åáóì ãõæÓóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó:
ÇÑúÌöÚú Åáóì ÑóÈøöß¡ ÝóÞõáúÊ: ÞóÏú ÇÓúÊóÍúíóíúÊ ãöäú ÑóÈøöí.
ÞóÇáó: Ëõãøó ÇäúØóáóÞó Èöí ÍóÊøóì ÇäúÊóåóì Åáóì ÓöÏúÑóÉö
ÇáúãõäúÊóåóì¡ æóÛóÔöíóåóÇ ÃóáúæóÇäñ áóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí ãóÇ åöíó¡
Ëõãøó ÃõÏúÎöáúÊ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÌóäóÇÈöÐõ
ÇááøõÄúáõÄö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÊõÑóÇÈõåóÇ ÇáúãöÓúßõ».
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÝóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäú ÃóäóÓò
Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «ÈóíúäóÇ ÃóäóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÆöãö
æóÇáúíóÞúÙóÇäö.» æóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö ÈöØõæáöåö¡
Åáóì Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: «Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙúÊ¡ æóÃóäóÇ Ýöí
ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö».
ÞõáúäóÇ: Úóäúåõ ÃóÌúæöÈóÉñº ãöäúåóÇ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙó
ÑóæóÇåõ ÔóÑöíßñ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò¡ æóßóÇäó ÊóÛóíøóÑó ÈöÂÎöÑóÉò
ÝóíõÚóæøóáõ Úóáóì ÑöæóÇíóÇÊö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó -
Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁó ÑõÄúíóÇ
ãóäóÇãò¡ æóØøóÏóåõ Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÑóÇåõ ÅíøóÇåóÇ
ÑõÄúíóÇ Úóíúäò¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó Èöåö Íöíäó ÃóÑóÇÏó
ãõÔóÇÝóåóÊóåõ ÈöÇáúæóÍúíöº «ÃóÑúÓóáó Åáóíúåö Çáúãóáóßó Ýöí
ÇáúãóäóÇãö ÈöäóãóØò ãöäú ÏöíÈóÇÌò Ýöíåö: ÇÞúÑóÃú ÈöÇÓúãö
ÑóÈøöß¡ æóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÇÞúÑóÃú. ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÈöÞóÇÑöÆò¡
ÝóÛóØøóåõ ÍóÊøóì ÈóáóÛó ãöäúåõ ÇáúÌóåúÏó¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ¡
ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÞúÑóÃú. ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÈöÞóÇÑöÆò» Åáóì ÂÎóÑö
ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
(3/180)
ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÌóÇÁóåõ
Çáúãóáóßõ Ýöí ÇáúíóÞöÙóÉö ÈöãöËúáö ãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏóåõ Ýöí
ÇáúãóäóÇãö. æóßóÇäóÊú ÇáúÍößúãóÉõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú ÃóÑóÇåõ
Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö ãóÇ ÃóÑóÇåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÊóæúØöíÏðÇ
æóÊóËúÈöíÊðÇ áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóÃúÊöíóåõ ÇáúÍóÇáõ
ÝóÌúÃóÉð¡ ÝóÊõÞóÇÓöí äóÝúÓõåõ ÇáúßóÑöíãóÉó ãöäúåóÇ ÔöÏøóÉð¡
áöÚóÌúÒö ÇáúÞõæóì ÇáúÂÏóãöíøóÉö Úóäú ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉö ÇáúåóíúÆóÉö
ÇáúãóáóßöíøóÉö.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú ØõÑõÞò Úóäú
ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÌóÚóáúäóÇ
ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÑóíúäóÇßó ÅöáÇ ÝöÊúäóÉð áöáäøóÇÓö}
[ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 60]º æóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÑõÄúíóÇ ãóäóÇãò ãóÇ ÇõÝúÊõÊöäó
ÈöåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóäúßóÑóåóǺ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÓúÊóÈúÚóÏõ
Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏò Ãóäú íóÑóì äóÝúÓóåõ íóÎúÊóÑöÞõ ÇáÓøóãóæóÇÊö¡
æóíóÌúáöÓõ Úóáóì ÇáúßõÑúÓöíøö¡ æóíõßóáøöãõåõ ÇáÑøóÈøõ.
[ãóÓúÃóáóÉ ÝóÑúÖõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ:
Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö ßóÇäó ÝóÑúÖõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉöº æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó
«Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -
ßóÇäó íõÕóáøöí ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúÚóÔöíøö
æóÇáúÅöÔúÑóÇÞö»¡ æóíóÊóäóÝøóáõ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö æóáóãú
íóËúÈõÊú Ðóáößó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞò ÕóÍöíÍóÉò ÍóÊøóì ÑóÝóÚóåõ
Çááøóåõ ãóßóÇäðÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóÝóÑóÖó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó¡
æóäóÒóáó Úóáóíúåö ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÝóÚóáøóãóåõ ÃóÚúÏóÇÏóåóÇ
æóÕöÝóÇÊöåóÇ¡ æóåöíó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ:
ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -:
«Ãóãøóäöí ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÈóíúÊö ãóÑøóÊóíúäö¡ æóÕóáøóì
Èöí ÇáÙøõåúÑó Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Íöíäó ÒóÇáóÊú
ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ æóÕóáøóì Èöí ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ÚöäúÏóãóÇ ÕóÇÑó Ùöáøõ
ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ãöËúáóåõ¡ æóÕóáøóì Èöí ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈó Íöíäó
ÛóÑõÈóÊú ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ æóÕóáøóì Èöí ÇáúÚöÔóÇÁó ÚöäúÏóãóÇ ÛóÇÈó
ÇáÔøóÝóÞõ¡ æóÕóáøóì Èöí ÇáÕøõÈúÍó Íöíäó ÈóÑóÞó ÇáúÝóÌúÑõ
æóÍóÑõãó ÇáØøóÚóÇãõ æóÇáÔøóÑóÇÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÇÆöãö. Ëõãøó
Õóáøóì Èöí ÇáÙøõåúÑó Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö ÇáËøóÇäöí Íöíäó ÕóÇÑó
Ùöáøõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ãöËúáóåõ áöæóÞúÊö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÈöÇáúÃóãúÓö¡
æóÕóáøóì Èöí ÇáúÚóÕúÑó Íöíäó ÕóÇÑó Ùöáøõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò
ãöËúáóíúåö¡ æóÕóáøóì Èöí ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈó Íöíäó ÛóÑõÈóÊú
ÇáÔøóãúÓõ áöæóÞúÊöåóÇ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÓö¡ æóÕóáøóì Èöí ÇáúÚöÔóÇÁó
Íöíäó ËõáõËö Çááøóíúáö¡ æóÕóáøóì Èöí ÇáÕøõÈúÍó æóÞóÇÆöáñ
íóÞõæáõ: ÃóØúáóÚóÊú ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¿ áóãú ÊóØúáõÚú¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó:
íóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ¡ åóÐóÇ æóÞúÊõß¡ æóæóÞúÊõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö
ÞóÈúáóß¡ æóÇáúæóÞúÊõ ãóÇ Èóíúäó åóÐóíúäö ÇáúæóÞúÊóíúäö».
(3/181)
æóÞóÏú ãóåøóÏúäóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó Ýöí
ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡ æóÈóíøóäøóÇ ãóÇ Ýöíåö
ãöäú Úõáõæãò¡ Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÃóäúæóÇÚöåóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò
æóØõÑõÞöåö¡ æóáõÛóÉò æóÊóÕúÑöíÝöåóÇ¡ æóÊóæúÍöíÏò
æóÚóÞúáöíøóÇÊò¡ æóÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊò æóÂÏóÇÈò¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó
ÝöíãóÇ äóíøóÝó Úóáóì ËóáóÇËöíäó æóÑóÞóÉð¡ ÝóáúíõäúÙóÑú
åõäóÇáößó¡ ÝóÝöíåö ÇáÔøöÝóÇÁõ ãöäú ÏóÇÁö ÇáúÌóåúáö Åäú ÔóÇÁó
Çááøóåõ.
[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉ Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÏúäóÇ Ãóäú
äõåúáößó ÞóÑúíóÉð]
ð ÃóãóÑúäóÇ ãõÊúÑóÝöíåóÇ ÝóÝóÓóÞõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÝóÍóÞøó ÚóáóíúåóÇ
ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÝóÏóãøóÑúäóÇåóÇ ÊóÏúãöíÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 16] ÝöíåóÇ
ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ¡ æóåöíó Þóæúáõåõ: {ÃóãóÑúäóÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ:
16]: ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÇÊö ËóáóÇËõ ÞöÑóÇÁóÇÊò:
ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: ÃóãóÑúäóÇ ÈöÊóÎúÝöíÝö Çáúãöíãö.
ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: ÈöÊóÔúÏöíÏöåóÇ.
ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: ÂãóÑúäóÇ ÈöãóÏøò ÈóÚúÏó
ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö æóÊóÎúÝöíÝö Çáúãöíãö.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: Ýóåöíó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉõ¡
æóãóÚúäóÇåõ ÃóãóÑúäóÇåõãú ÈöÇáúÚóÏúáö¡ ÝóÎóÇáóÝõæÇ¡
ÝóÝóÓóÞõæÇ ÈöÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö æóÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡ ÝóåóáóßõæÇ
ÈöÇáúßóáöãóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö ÇáúÍóÇÞøóÉö Úóáóíúåöãú.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: ÈöÊóÔúÏöíÏö Çáúãöíãö:
Ýóåöíó ÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ Úóáöíøò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÇáöíóÉö¡ æóÃóÈöí
ÚóãúÑòæ¡ æóÃóÈöí ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáäøóåúÏöíøö¡ æóãóÚúäóÇåõ
ßóËøóÑúäóÇåõãú¡ æóÇáúßóËúÑóÉõ Åáóì ÇáÊøóÎúáöíØö ÃóÞúÑóÈõ
ÚóÇÏóÉð.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáúãóÏøö Ýöí ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö æóÊóÎúÝöíÝö
Çáúãöíãö Ýóåöíó ÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ æóÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌö¡
æóÎóÇÑöÌóÉó Úóäú äóÇÝöÚò.
æóíóßõæäõ ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÇáúßóËúÑóÉõº ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÝúÚóáó æóÝóÚøóáó
íõäúÙóÑóÇäö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÝö ãöäú ãöÔúßóÇÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò.
æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäú ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉö¡ Ãóíú
ÌóÚóáúäóÇåõãú ÃõãóÑóÇÁó¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÑöíÏó ãöäú
ÌóÚúáöåöãú æõáóÇÉð ÝóíóáúÒóãõåõãú ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö¡
æóÇáäøóåúíõ Úóäú ÇáúãõäúßóÑö¡ ÝóíõÞóÕøöÑõæäó Ýöíåö
Ýóíóåúáößõæäó.
æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäú Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóäú ãóáóßó ÏóÇÑðÇ
æóÚöíóÇáðÇ æóÎóÇÏöãðÇ Ýóåõæó ãóáóßñ æóÃóãöíÑñ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ
(3/182)
ÕóáõÍóÊú ÃóÍúæóÇáõåõãú ÃóÞúÈóáõæÇ Úóáóì
ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÂËóÑõæåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÝóåóáóßõæÇ¡ æóãöäúåõ
ÇáúÃóËóÑõ: «ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúãóÇáö ÓößøóÉñ ãóÃúÈõæÑóÉñ æóãõåúÑóÉñ
ãóÃúãõæÑóÉñ»: Ãóíú ßóËöíÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÊóÇÌö¡ æóÅöáóíúåö íóÑúÌöÚõ
Þóæúáõåõ: {áóÞóÏú ÌöÆúÊó ÔóíúÆðÇ ÅöãúÑðÇ} [ÇáßåÝ: 71]. Ãóíú
ÚóÙöíãðÇ.
æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ßõáøö ÌöåóÉò ãõÊóÞóÇÑöÈñ
ãõÊóÏóÇÎöáñº æóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö
ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö æóÇáäøóåúíö Úóäú ÇáúãõäúßóÑö ÈöãóÇ íõÛúäöí
Úóäú ÅÚóÇÏóÊöåö.
æóÃóßúËóÑõ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝöÓúÞõ æóÃóÚúÙóãõåõ Ýöí
ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúßõÝúÑõ Ãóæú ÇáúÈöÏúÚóÉõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó
ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí äóÙöíÑöåö: {Ðóáößó ãöäú ÃóäúÈóÇÁö ÇáúÞõÑóì
äóÞõÕøõåõ Úóáóíúßó ãöäúåóÇ ÞóÇÆöãñ æóÍóÕöíÏñ} [åæÏ: 100]
{æóãóÇ ÙóáóãúäóÇåõãú æóáóßöäú ÙóáóãõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóåõãú ÝóãóÇ
ÃóÛúäóÊú Úóäúåõãú ÂáöåóÊõåõãõ ÇáøóÊöí íóÏúÚõæäó ãöäú Ïõæäö
Çááøóåö ãöäú ÔóíúÁò áóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÃóãúÑõ ÑóÈøößó æóãóÇ
ÒóÇÏõæåõãú ÛóíúÑó ÊóÊúÈöíÈò} [åæÏ: 101] {æóßóÐóáößó ÃóÎúÐõ
ÑóÈøößó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎóÐó ÇáúÞõÑóì æóåöíó ÙóÇáöãóÉñ Åöäøó
ÃóÎúÐóåõ Ãóáöíãñ ÔóÏöíÏñ} [åæÏ: 102].
ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö Þóæúãñ ÚóÕóæúÇ æóßóÝóÑõæÇ¡ æóåóÐöåö ÕöÝóÉõ
ÇáúÃõãóãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö Ýöí ÞóÕóÕö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÇÑö
ãóäú ãóÖóì ãöäú ÇáúÃõãóãö.
[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì ãóäú ßóÇäó íõÑöíÏõ
ÇáúÚóÇÌöáóÉó ÚóÌøóáúäóÇ áóåõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ äóÔóÇÁõ]
ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ:
Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóäú ßóÇäó íõÑöíÏõ ÇáúÚóÇÌöáóÉó ÚóÌøóáúäóÇ
áóåõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ äóÔóÇÁõ áöãóäú äõÑöíÏõ Ëõãøó ÌóÚóáúäóÇ áóåõ
Ìóåóäøóãó íóÕúáÇåóÇ ãóÐúãõæãðÇ ãóÏúÍõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 18]
{æóãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáÂÎöÑóÉó æóÓóÚóì áóåóÇ ÓóÚúíóåóÇ æóåõæó
ãõÄúãöäñ ÝóÃõæáóÆößó ßóÇäó ÓóÚúíõåõãú ãóÔúßõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ:
19] ÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáó ÈöÇáäøöíøóÉö
æóáößõáøö ÇãúÑöÆò ãóÇ äóæóì¡ æóÈóíøóäøóÇ Ãóäøó ãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó
ÛóíúÑó Çááøóåö Ýóåõæó ãõÊóæóÚøóÏñ¡ æóÃóæúÖóÍúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÂíóÉó
ÇáÔøõæÑóì ãõØúáóÞóÉñ Ýöí Ãóäøó ãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ
íõÄúÊöíåö Çááøóåõ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö
äóÕöíÈñ æóåóÐöåö ãõÞóíøóÏóÉñ Ýöí Ãóäøóåõ ÅäøóãóÇ íõÄúÊóì
ÍóÞøóåõ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ Çááøóåõ Ãóäú íõÄúÊöíóåõ
Ðóáößó.
æóáóíúÓó ÇáúæóÚúÏõ ÈöÐóáößó ÚóÇãøðÇ áößõáøö ÃóÍóÏò¡ æóáóÇ
íõÚúØóì áößõáøö ãõÑöíÏò¡ áöÞóæúáöåö: {ÚóÌøóáúäóÇ áóåõ
ÝöíåóÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 18] ÇáúÂíóÉó.
(3/183)
[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉ Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì
æóÞóÖóì ÑóÈøõß ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæÇ ÅáøóÇ ÅíøóÇåõ
æóÈöÇáúæóÇáöÏóíúäö ÅÍúÓóÇäðÇ]
ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞóÖóì ÑóÈøõßó ÃóáÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæÇ ÅöáÇ
ÅöíøóÇåõ æóÈöÇáúæóÇáöÏóíúäö ÅöÍúÓóÇäðÇ ÅöãøóÇ íóÈúáõÛóäøó
ÚöäúÏóßó ÇáúßöÈóÑó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Ãóæú ßöáÇåõãóÇ ÝóáÇ ÊóÞõáú
áóåõãóÇ ÃõÝøò æóáÇ ÊóäúåóÑúåõãóÇ æóÞõáú áóåõãóÇ ÞóæúáÇ
ßóÑöíãðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 23] {æóÇÎúÝöÖú áóåõãóÇ ÌóäóÇÍó ÇáÐøõáøö
ãöäó ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö æóÞõáú ÑóÈøöí ÇÑúÍóãúåõãóÇ ßóãóÇ
ÑóÈøóíóÇäöí ÕóÛöíÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 24] ÝöíåóÇ ÎóãúÓõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: Þóæúáõåõ: {æóÞóÖóì} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 23].
ÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ ÊóÝúÓöíÑó åóÐöåö ÇááøóÝúÙóÉö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö
ÇáúãõÔúßóáóíúäö ÈöÌóãöíÚö æõÌõæåöåóÇ¡ æóÃóæúÖóÍúäóÇ Ãóäøó
ãöäú ãóÚóÇäöíåóÇ ÎóáóÞó¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ÃóãóÑó¡ æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ
Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ åóÇåõäóÇ ÅáøóÇ ÃóãóÑóº áöÃóäøó
ÇáúÃóãúÑó íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ æõÌõæÏõ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ
íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ æõÌõæÏõ ÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõº áöÃóäøóåõ
ÇáúÎóÇáöÞõº åóáú ãöäú ÎóÇáöÞò ÛóíúÑõ Çááøóåö¡ ÝóÃóãóÑó
Çááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÈöÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö¡ æóÈöÈöÑøö ÇáúæóÇáöÏóíúäö
ãóÞúÑõæäðÇ ÈöÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÑóäó ÔõßúÑóåõãóÇ
ÈöÔõßúÑöåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÑóÃóåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: æóæóÕøóì
ÑóÈøõß.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑóÉó¡ ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö
- Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «ÃóáóÇ ÃõÎúÈöÑõßõãú
ÈöÃóßúÈóÑö ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: Èóáóì íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö.
ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÅöÔúÑóÇßõ ÈöÇóááøóåö¡ æóÚõÞõæÞõ ÇáúæóÇáöÏóíúäö».
æóÚóäú ÃóäóÓò Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÃóíúÖðÇ: «ÇáúÅöÔúÑóÇßõ
ÈöÇóááøóåö¡ æóÞóÊúáõ ÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ æóÚõÞõæÞõ ÇáúæóÇáöÏóíúäö».
æóãöäú ÇáúÈöÑøö ÅáóíúåöãóÇ¡ æóÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäö ÅáóíúåöãóÇ ÃóáóÇ
äóÊóÚóÑøóÖó áöÓóÈøöåöãóÇ¡ æóåöíó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: ÝóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö
Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö -
Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «Åäøó ãöäú ÃóßúÈóÑö
ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö Ãóäú íóáúÚóäó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ æóÇáöÏóíúåö. Þöíáó: íóÇ
ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ æóßóíúÝó íóáúÚóäõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ
(3/184)
æóÇáöÏóíúåö¿ ÞóÇáó: íóÓõÈøõ ÃóÈóÇ
ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÝóíóÓõÈøõ ÃóÈóÇåõ¡ æóíóÓõÈøõ Ãõãøóåõ ÝóíóÓõÈøõ
Ãõãøóåõ».
ÍóÊøóì Åäøóåõ íóÈóÑøõåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÔúÑößðÇ ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó
áóåõ ÚóåúÏñ ÞóÇáó Çááøóå: {áÇ íóäúåóÇßõãõ Çááøóåõ Úóäö
ÇáøóÐöíäó áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáõæßõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóáóãú
íõÎúÑöÌõæßõãú ãöäú ÏöíóÇÑößõãú Ãóäú ÊóÈóÑøõæåõãú
æóÊõÞúÓöØõæÇ Åöáóíúåöãú Åöäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ
ÇáúãõÞúÓöØöíäó} [ÇáããÊÍäÉ: 8] æóåöíó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöãøóÇ
íóÈúáõÛóäøó ÚöäúÏóßó ÇáúßöÈóÑó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 23]:
ÎóÕøó ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáúßöÈóÑöº áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÈöØõæáö ÇáúãóÏóì ÊõæÌöÈõ
ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúÞóÇáó ÚóÇÏóÉð¡ æóíóÍúÕõáõ Çáúãóáóáõ¡ æóíóßúËõÑõ
ÇáÖøóÌóÑõ¡ ÝóíóÙúåóÑõ ÛóÖóÈõåõ Úóáóì ÃóÈóæóíúåö¡
æóÊóäúÊóÝöÎõ áóåõãóÇ ÃóæúÏóÇÌõåõ¡ æóíóÓúÊóØöíáõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ
ÈöÏóÇáøóÉö ÇáúÈõäõæøóÉö¡ æóÞöáøóÉö ÇáÏøöíóÇäóÉö.
æóÃóÞóáøõ ÇáúãóßúÑõæåö Ãóäú íõÄóÝøöÝó áóåõãóǺ æóåõæó ãóÇ
íõÙúåöÑõåõ ÈöÊóäóÝøõÓöåö ÇáúãõÑóÏøóÏö ãöäú ÇáÖøóÌóÑö.
æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÃóäú íõÞóÇÈöáóåõãóÇ ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúãóæúÕõæÝö
ÈöÇáúßóÑóÇãóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÇáÓøóÇáöãõ Úóäú ßõáøö ÚóíúÈò ãöäú
ÚõíõæÈö ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúãõÊóÌóÑøöÏö Úóäú ßõáøö ãóßúÑõæåò ãöäú
ãóßúÑõæåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö.
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó¡ æóåöíó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ {æóÇÎúÝöÖú áóåõãóÇ ÌóäóÇÍó
ÇáÐøõáøö ãöäó ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 24]: ÇáúãóÚúäóì
ÊóÐóáøóáú áóåõãóÇ ÊóÐúáöíáó ÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉö áöáúÃóãöíÑö¡
æóÇáúÚóÈöíÏö áöáÓøóÇÏóÉöº æóÖóÑóÈó ÎóÝúÖó ÇáúÌóäóÇÍö
æóäóÕúÈóåõ ãóËóáðÇ áöÌóäóÇÍö ÇáØøóÇÆöÑö Íöíäó íóäúÊóÕöÈõ
ÈöÌóäóÇÍöåö áöæóáóÏöåö Ãóæú áöÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú ÔöÏøóÉö
ÇáúÅöÞúÈóÇáö.
æóÇáÐøõáøõ åõæó Çááøöíäõ æóÇáúåóæúäõ Ýöí ÇáÔøóíúÁö¡ Ëõãøó
ÞóÇáó¡ æóåöíó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: {æóÞõáú ÑóÈøöí ÇÑúÍóãúåõãóÇ
ßóãóÇ ÑóÈøóíóÇäöí ÕóÛöíÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 24]: ãóÚúäóÇåõ: ÇõÏúÚõ
áóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåöãóÇ æóÈóÚúÏó ãóãóÇÊöåöãóÇ ÈöÃóäú
íóßõæäó ÇáúÈóÇÑöÆõ íóÑúÍóãõåõãóÇ ßóãóÇ ÑóÍöãóÇß¡ æóÊóÑóÝøóÞú
ÈöåöãóÇ ßóãóÇ ÑóÝóÞóÇ Èöߺ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó åõæó ÇáøóÐöí
íõÌúÒöí ÇáúæóÇáöÏó Úóäú ÇáúæóáóÏöº ÅÐú áóÇ íóÓúÊóØöíÚõ
ÇáúæóáóÏõ ßöÝóÇÁð Úóáóì äöÚúãóÉö æóÇáöÏöåö ÃóÈóÏðÇ.
æóÝöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: «áóäú íóÌúÒöíó æóáóÏñ æóÇáöÏóåõ
ÅáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÌöÏóåõ ãóãúáõæßðÇ ÝóíóÔúÊóÑöíóåõ ÝóíõÚúÊöÞóåõ»¡
ãóÚúäóÇåõ íõÎóáøöÕõåõ ãöäú ÃóÓúÑö ÇáÑøöÞøö ßóãóÇ ÎóáøóÕóåõ
ãöäú ÃóÓúÑö ÇáÕøöÛóÑö.
(3/185)
æóíóäúÈóÛöí áóåõ Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó ÃóäøóåõãóÇ
æóáöíóÇåõ ÕóÛöíÑðÇ ÌóÇåöáðÇ ãõÍúÊóÇÌðÇ¡ ÝóÂËóÑóÇåõ Úóáóì
ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãóÇ¡ æóÓóåöÑóÇ áóíúáóåõãóÇ æóÃóäóÇãóÇåõ¡ æóÌóÇÚóÇ
æóÃóÔúÈóÚóÇåõ¡ æóÊóÚóÑøóíóÇ æóßóÓóæóÇåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÌúÒöíåöãóÇ
ÅáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÈúáõÛóÇ ãöäú ÇáúßöÈóÑö Åáóì ÇáúÍóÏøö ÇáøóÐöí
ßóÇäó åõæó Ýöíåö ãöäú ÇáÕøöÛóÑö¡ Ýóíóáöí ãöäúåõãóÇ ãóÇ
æóáöíóÇ ãöäúåõ¡ æóíóßõæäõ áóåõãóÇ ÍöíäóÆöÐò Úóáóíúåö ÝóÖúáõ
ÇáÊøóÞóÏøõãö ÈöÇáäøöÚúãóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúãõßóÇÝöÆö ÚóáóíúåóÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÇáÔøóÑöíÝõ ÇáúÃóÌóáøõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ äóÓöíÈõ
ÇáÏøóæúáóÉö ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí Ðõæ
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ÇáúÍõÓóíúäöíøõ ÈöÏöãóÔúÞó¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ äóÕúÑò ÃóÍúãóÏõ
Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ÇáÔøöíÑóÇÒöíøö
ÈöãóßøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö¡ ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ ÏóÇÎöáó
ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáö¡ æóßóÇäó ÍóÇÝöÙðÇ¡
ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö
ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÑóíúÏóÉó ÇáÖøóÈøöíøõ ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøõ
ÈöÃóÕúÈóåóÇäó ÞöÑóÇÁóÉð¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö
ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÃóíøõæÈó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ
ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó
ÇáúÈóÑúÏóÚöíøõ ÈöãöÕúÑó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈõæ ÓóáóãóÉó ÚõÈóíúÏõ
Èúäõ ÎóáóÕóÉó ÈöãóÚóÑøóÉö ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ
Çááøóåö Èúäõ äóÇÝöÚò ÇáúãóÏóäöíøõ Úóäú ÇáúãõäúßóÏöÑö Èúäö
ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõäúßóÏöÑö Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö
ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåöº ÞóÇáó: «ÌóÇÁó ÑóÌõáñ Åáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö -
Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó
Çááøóåöº Åäøó ÃóÈöí ÃóÎóÐó ãóÇáöí. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ -
Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöáÑøóÌõáö: ÝóÃúÊöäöí
ÈöÃóÈöíß. ÝóäóÒóáó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - Úóáóì
ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞóÇáó:
Åäøó Çááøóåó ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó íõÞúÑöÆõß ÇáÓøóáóÇãó¡ æóíóÞõæáõ
áóß: ÅÐóÇ ÌóÇÁóß ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÝóÇÓúÃóáúåõ Úóäú ÔóíúÁò ÞóÇáóåõ
Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóÊúåõ ÃõÐõäóÇåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó
ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
æóÓóáøóãó -: ãóÇ ÈóÇáõ ÇÈúäöß íóÔúßõæß¿ ÃóÊõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú
ÊóÃúÎõÐó ãóÇáóåõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: Óóáúåõ íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ åóáú
ÃõäúÝöÞõåõ ÅáøóÇ Úóáóì ÅÍúÏóì ÚóãøóÇÊöåö Ãóæú ÎóÇáóÇÊöåö
Ãóæú Úóáóì äóÝúÓöí¿ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: Åíåò ÏóÚúäóÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ¡ ÃóÎúÈöÑúäöí
Úóäú ÔóíúÁò ÞõáúÊå Ýöí äóÝúÓöß ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóÊúåõ ÃõÐõäóÇß.
ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ: æóÇóááøóåö íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ãóÇ
íóÒóÇáõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì íóÒöíÏõäóÇ Èöß íóÞöíäðÇ¡ áóÞóÏú
ÞõáúÊ Ýöí äóÝúÓöí ÔóíúÆðÇ ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóÊúåõ ÃõÐõäóÇíó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó:
Þõáú æóÃóäóÇ ÃóÓúãóÚõ. ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊ:
ÛóÐóæúÊõß ãóæúáõæÏðÇ æóãõäúÊõß íóÇÝöÚðÇ ... ÊóÚöáøõ ÈöãóÇ
ÃóÌúäöí Úóáóíúß æóÊóäúåóáõ
ÅÐóÇ áóíúáóÉñ ÖóÇÝóÊúß ÈöÇáÓøóÞóãö áóãú ÃóÈöÊú ...
áöÓõÞúãößó ÅáøóÇ ÓóÇåöÑðÇ ÃóÊóãóáúãóáõ
ßóÃóäøöí ÃóäóÇ ÇáúãóØúÑõæÞõ Ïõæäóß ÈöÇóáøóÐöí ... ØõÑöÞúÊ
Èöåö Ïõæäöí ÝóÚóíúäöí Êóåúãõáõ
ÊóÎóÇÝõ ÇáÑøóÏóì äóÝúÓöí Úóáóíúß æóÅöäøóåóÇ ... áóÊóÚúáóãõ
Ãóäøó ÇáúãóæúÊó æóÞúÊñ ãõÄóÌøóáñ
ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛúÊ ÇáÓøöäøó æóÇáúÛóÇíóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ... ÅáóíúåóÇ
ãóÏóì ãóÇ ßõäúÊ Ýöíß ÃõÄóãøöáõ
ÌóÚóáúÊ ÌóÒóÇÆöí ÛöáúÙóÉð æóÝóÙóÇÙóÉð ... ßóÃóäøóß ÃóäúÊó
ÇáúãõäúÚöãõ ÇáúãõÊóÝóÖøöáõ
ÝóáóíúÊóß ÅÐú áóãú ÊóÑúÚó ÍóÞøó ÃõÈõæøóÊöí ... ÝóÚóáúÊ ßóãóÇ
ÇáúÌóÇÑõ ÇáúãõÌóÇæöÑõ íóÝúÚóáõ
(3/186)
ÞóÇáó: ÝóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÃóÎóÐó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ -
Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÊóáóÇÈöíÈö ÇÈúäöåö¡
æóÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊó æóãóÇáõß áöÃóÈöíß». ÞóÇáó ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ: áóÇ
íõÑúæóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõäúßóÏöÑö
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ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÚõÈóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÎóáóÕóÉó.
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ÏóÇÑöäóÇ ÈÇáãõÚúÊóãöÏöíøóÉö¡ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò
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ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøõ¡ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì
ÇáúãóæúÕöáöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõæóíúÏ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö
ÇáúÛóÝøóÇÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÚóÈúÏõ
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ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ÔõÌóÇÚö Èúäö ÞóíúÓö Èúäö åöÔóÇãò
ÇáÓøóßõæäöíøö¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ãõÓúåöÑò
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ÚõãóÑó¡ «Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó
- ÞóÇáó: ÈóíúäóÇ ËóáóÇËóÉõ äóÝóÑò ãöãøóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáóßõãú
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ÝóÇäúØóÈóÞó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú áöÈóÚúÖò: íóÇ
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ÑóÌõáò ãöäúßõãú ÈöãóÇ íóÚúáóãõ Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÕóÏóÞó:
ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÍóÏõåõãú: Çááøóåõãøó Åäú ßõäúÊ ÊóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ
ßóÇäó áöí ÃóÌöíÑñ¡ Úóãöáó áöí Úóáóì ÝóÑúÞö ÃõÑúÒò¡ ÝóÐóåóÈó
æóÊóÑóßóåõ¡ ÝóÒóÑóÚúÊå¡ ÝóÕóÇÑó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåö Ãóäøöí
ÇÔúÊóÑóíúÊ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáúÝóÑúÞö ÈóÞóÑðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÊóÇäöí
íóØúáõÈõ ÃóÌúÑóåõ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊ áóåõ: ÇÚúãöÏú Åáóì Êöáúßó
ÇáúÈóÞóÑö¡ ÝóÓõÞúåóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáúÝóÑúÞö
ÝóÓóÇÞóåóÇ. ÝóÅöäú ßõäúÊ ÝóÚóáúÊ Ðóáößó ãöäú ÎóÔúíóÊöß
ÝóÝóÑøöÌú ÚóäøóÇ¡ ÝóÇäúÓóÇÍóÊú Úóäúåõãú ÇáÕøóÎúÑóÉõ. ÝóÞóÇáó
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ÑóÞóÏóÇ æóÃóåúáöí æóÚöíóÇáöí íóÊóÖóÇÛóæúäó ãöäú ÇáúÌõæÚö¡
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ÃóäúÊóÙöÑõåõãóÇ ÍóÊøóì ØóáóÚó
(3/187)
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äóÙóÑõæÇ Åáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáúÂÎóÑõ: Çááøóåõãøó Åäú
ßõäúÊ ÊóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäóÊú áöí ÇÈúäóÉõ Úóãøò ãöäú
ÃóÍóÈøö ÇáäøóÇÓö Åáóíøó¡ æóÅöäøöí ÑóÇæóÏúÊõåóÇ Úóäú
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ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ ÝóØóáóÈúÊåóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÏóÑúÊ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÝóÌöÆúÊ
ÈöåóÇ ÝóÏóÝóÚúÊåóÇ ÅáóíúåóÇ ÝóÃóãúßóäóÊúäöí ãöäú äóÝúÓöåóÇ¡
ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÚóÏúÊ Èóíúäó ÑöÌúáóíúåóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú áöí: ÇÊøóÞö
Çááøóåó æóáóÇ ÊóÝõÖøó ÇáúÎóÇÊóãó ÅáøóÇ ÈöÍóÞøöåö. ÝóÞõãúÊ
ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóÊóÑóßúÊ áóåóÇ ÇáúãöÇÆóÉó ÏöíäóÇÑò ÝóÅöäú ßõäúÊ
ÊóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøöí ÊóÑóßúÊ Ðóáößó ãöäú ÎóÔúíóÊöß ÝóÇÝúÑöÌú
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áöãóÇ ÕóÍøó Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «Åäøó ÃóÈóÑøó ÇáúÈöÑøö Ãóäú
íóÕöáó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ Ãóåúáó æõÏøö ÃóÈöíåö». æóÑõæöíó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö
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Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÑöÖóÇ ÇáÑøóÈøö Ýöí
ÑöÖóÇ ÇáúæóÇáöÏóíúäö¡ æóÓõÎúØõ ÇáÑøóÈøö Ýöí ÓõÎúØö
ÇáúæóÇáöÏóíúäö». ÎóÑøóÌóåõãóÇ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ.
æóáöÐóáößó ÚóÏóáó ÚõÞõæÞõåõãóÇ ÇáúÅöÔúÑóÇßó Ýöí ÇáúÅöËúãö¡
æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÈöÑøóåõãóÇ ÞóÑöíäõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö
Ýöí ÇáúÃóÌúÑö. æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÇáÔøóÑöíÝõ ÇáúÃóÌóáøõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö
Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáÔøóÇÔöíøõ ÈöåóÇ ÞóÇáó:
ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö¡
ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÚöíÓóì Èúäõ Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÚöíÓóì
ÇáúæóÒöíÑö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö
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ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóåøóÇÈö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ
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ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃõÓóíúÏó¡ æóßóÇäó ÈóÏúÑöíøðÇ
(3/188)
ÞóÇáó: «ßõäúÊ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì
Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÌóÇáöÓðÇ ÝóÌóÇÁó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú
ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåöº åóáú ÈóÞöíó ãöäú
ÈöÑøö æóÇáöÏöíøó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóæúÊöåöãóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ÃóÈóÑøõåõãóÇ
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- íóåúÏöí áöÕóÏóÇÆöÞö ÎóÏöíÌóÉó ÈöÑøðÇ ÈöåóÇ æóæóÝóÇÁð
áóåóÇ»¡ æóåöíó ÒóæúÌóÉñ¡ ÝóãóÇ Ùóäøõß ÈöÇáúÃóÈóæóíúäö.
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ÝóÇÍúÊóÇÌó Åáóì ÛõÓúáò¡ ÝóÞóÇãó ÇÈúäõåõ ÈöÇáúÅöäóÇÁö Úóáóì
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æóäóÓúÃóáõ Çááøóåó ÇáÊøóæúÝöíÞó áóäóÇ æóáóßõãú ÈöÑóÍúãóÊöåö.
[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉ Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÂÊö ÐóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì
ÍóÞøóåõ æóÇáúãöÓúßöíäó æóÇÈúäó ÇáÓøóÈöíáö æóáóÇ ÊõÈóÐøöÑú
ÊóÈúÐöíÑðÇ]
} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 26] {Åöäøó ÇáúãõÈóÐøöÑöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ÅöÎúæóÇäó
ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö æóßóÇäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ áöÑóÈøöåö ßóÝõæÑðÇ}
[ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 27] {æóÅöãøóÇ ÊõÚúÑöÖóäøó Úóäúåõãõ ÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁó
ÑóÍúãóÉò ãöäú ÑóÈøößó ÊóÑúÌõæåóÇ ÝóÞõáú áóåõãú ÞóæúáÇ
ãóíúÓõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 28] ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó Ýöí ÍóÞøö
Ðóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö æóÇáäøöÓóÇÁö¡
æóÃóßøóÏó Çááøóåõ åóÇåõäóÇ ÍóÞøóåõº áöÃóäøóåõ æóÕøóì ÈöÈöÑøö
ÇáúæóÇáöÏóíúäö ÎõÕõæÕðÇ ãöäú ÇáúÞóÑóÇÈóÉö¡ Ëõãøó Ëóäøóì
ÇáÊøóæúÕöíóÉó ÈöÐöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì ÚõãõæãðÇ¡ æóÃóãóÑó
ÈöÊóæúÕöíáö ÍóÞøöåö Åáóíúåö ãöäú ÕöáóÉö ÑóÍöãò æóÃóÏóÇÁö
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íõÛóíøóÑõ Úóäú ÌöåóÊöåö ÈöÊóæúáöíÌö æóÕöíøóÉò¡ Ãóæú Óöæóì
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ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -
ÏõÎõæáðÇ ãõÊóÞóÏøöãðÇ¡ Ãóæú ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì¡ ãöäú
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ÇáúãõÎúÊóÕøöíäó
(3/189)
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[ãóÓúÃóáóÉ ÍóÞø æóÇáúãöÓúßöíäó æóÇÈúäó ÇáÓøóÈöíáö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì {æóÇáúãöÓúßöíäó
æóÇÈúäó ÇáÓøóÈöíáö} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 26]: æóáóåõãú ÍóÞøóÇäö:
ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ÃóÏóÇÁõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ÇáúÍóÞøõ ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑóÖõ ãöäú ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö ÚöäúÏó
ÚóÏóãö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ Ãóæú ÝóäóÇÆöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÊóÞúÕöíÑöåóÇ ãöäú
Úõãõæãö ÇáúãõÍúÊóÇÌöíäó¡ æóÃóÎúÐö ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäö Ïõæäóåõãú¡
æóÞóÏú ÍóÞøóÞúäóÇ Ðóáößó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì¡ ÝóÇäúÙõÑõæÇ Ýöíåö.
[ãóÓúÃóáóÉ ãóÚúäóì Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì æóáóÇ ÊõÈóÐøöÑú
ÊóÈúÐöíÑðÇ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {æóáÇ ÊõÈóÐøöÑú
ÊóÈúÐöíÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 26] ÞóÇáó ÃóÔúåóÈõ Úóäú ãóÇáößò:
ÇáÊøóÈúÐöíÑõ åõæó ãóäúÚõåõ ãöäú ÍóÞøöåö¡ æóæóÖúÚõåõ Ýöí
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ÅÖóÇÚóÉö ÇáúãóÇáö».
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ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÝõ¡ æóÐóáößó ÍóÑóÇãñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {Åöäøó
ÇáúãõÈóÐøöÑöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ÅöÎúæóÇäó ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ:
27] æóÐóáößó äóÕøñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Ýóãóäú ÃóäúÝóÞó Ýöí ÇáÔøóåóæóÇÊö¡ åóáú åõæó
ãõÈóÐøöÑñ Ãóãú áóÇ¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: ãóäú ÃóäúÝóÞó ãóÇáóåõ Ýöí
ÇáÔøóåóæóÇÊö ÒóÇÆöÏðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÇÌóÇÊö¡ æóÚóÑøóÖóåõ
ÈöÐóáößó áóáäøóÝóÇÏö Ýóåõæó ãõÈóÐøöÑ. æóãóäú ÃóäúÝóÞó ÑöÈúÍó
ãóÇáöåö Ýöí ÔóåóæóÇÊöåö¡ Ãóæú ÛóáøóÊóåõ¡ æóÍóÝöÙó ÇáúÃóÕúáó
Ãóæú ÇáÑøóÞóÈóÉó¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÈöãõÈóÐøöÑò. æóãóäú ÃóäúÝóÞó
ÏöÑúåóãðÇ Ýöí ÍóÑóÇãò Ýóåõæó ãõÈóÐøöÑñ íõÍúÌóÑõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí
äóÝóÞóÉö ÏöÑúåóãò Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö¡ æóáóÇ íõÍúÌóÑõ Úóáóíúåö
ÈöÈóÐúáöåö Ýöí ÇáÔøóåóæóÇÊö¡ ÅáøóÇ ÅÐóÇ ÎöíÝó Úóáóíúåö
ÇáäøóÝóÇÏõ.
[ãóÓúÃóáóÉ ãóÚúäóì Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÅöãøóÇ ÊõÚúÑöÖóäøó
Úóäúåõãú]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {æóÅöãøóÇ ÊõÚúÑöÖóäøó
Úóäúåõãõ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 28] ÇáúÂíóÉó: ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ
ÈöÇáúÅöÞúÈóÇáö Úóáóì ÇáúÂÈóÇÁö æóÇáúÞóÑóÇÈóÉö
æóÇáúãóÓóÇßöíäö æóÃóÈúäóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÈöíáö ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóãóßøõäö
ãöäú ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÌúÒñ Úóäú
Ðóáößó ÌóÇÒó ÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÖõ¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÑúÍóãó Çááøóåõ ÈöãóÇ
íõÚóÇÏõ Úóáóíúåöãú Èöåöº ÝóÇÌúÚóáú ÈóÏóáó ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö ÞóæúáðÇ
Ýöíåö íõÓúÑñ.
(3/190)
æóÞöíáó: ÅäøóãóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÈöÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÖö
Úóäúåõãú ÚöäúÏó ÎóæúÝö äóÝóÞóÊöåöãú Ýöí ãóÚóÇÕöí Çááøóåö¡
ÝóíóäúÊóÙöÑõ ÑóÍúãóÉó Çááøóåö ÈöÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö Úóáóíúåöãú.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó: Åäøó åóÐöåö
ÇáúÂíóÉó äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí «ÎóÈøóÇÈò¡ æóÈöáóÇáò¡ æóÚóÇãöÑö Èúäö
ÝõåóíúÑóÉó¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ãöäú ÝõÞóÑóÇÁö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¿
ßóÇäõæÇ íóÃúÊõæäó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóíóÓúÃóáõæäóåõ¡ ÝóíõÚúÑöÖõ Úóäúåõãúº ÅÐú áóÇ
íóÌöÏõ ãóÇ íõÚúØöíåöãú¡ ÝóÃõãöÑó Ãóäú íõÍúÓöäó áóåõãú
ÇáúÞóæúáó Åáóì Ãóäú íóÑúÒõÞóåõ Çááøóåõ ãóÇ íõÚúØöíåöãú»¡
æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ: {ÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁó ÑóÍúãóÉò ãöäú ÑóÈøößó
ÊóÑúÌõæåóÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 28].
[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉ Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì æóáóÇ ÊóÌúÚóáú íóÏóß
ãóÛúáõæáóÉð Åáóì ÚõäõÞöß æóáóÇ ÊóÈúÓõØúåóÇ ßõáøó ÇáúÈóÓúØö]
ö ÝóÊóÞúÚõÏó ãóáõæãðÇ ãóÍúÓõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 29] ÝöíåóÇ
ËóáóÇËõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: Þóæúáõåõ: {æóáÇ ÊóÌúÚóáú íóÏóßó
ãóÛúáõæáóÉð Åöáóì ÚõäõÞößó} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 29] åóÐóÇ ãóÌóÇÒñ¡
ÚóÈøóÑó Èöåö Úóäú ÇáúÈóÎöíáö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ ãöäú
ÞóáúÈöåö Úóáóì ÅÎúÑóÇÌö ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ãóÇáöåö ÝóÖóÑóÈó áóåõ
ãóËóáðÇ ÇáúÛõáøó ÇáøóÐöí íóãúäóÚõ ãöäú ÊóÕóÑøõÝö
ÇáúíóÏóíúäö¡ æóÞóÏú ÖóÑóÈó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóËóáðÇ ÂÎóÑó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: «ãóËóáõ
ÇáúÈóÎöíáö æóÇáúãõÊóÕóÏøöÞö ßóãóËóáö ÑóÌõáóíúäö ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ
ÌõÈøóÊóÇäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíÏò¡ ãöäú áóÏõäú ËõÏöíøöåöãóÇ Åáóì
ÊóÑóÇÞöíöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõäúÝöÞõ ÝóáóÇ íõäúÝöÞõ ÅáøóÇ
ÓóÈóÛóÊú æóæóÝóÑóÊú Úóáóì ÌöáúÏöåö ÍóÊøóì íóÎúÝóì ÈóäóÇäõåõ¡
æóíóÚúÝõæó ÃóËóÑõåõ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÈóÎöíáõ ÝóáóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú
íõäúÝöÞó ÔóíúÆðÇ ÅáøóÇ áóÒöãóÊú ßõáøõ ÍóáúÞóÉò ãóßóÇäóåóÇ.
Ýóåõæó íõæóÓøöÚõ æóáóÇ íóÊøóÓöÚõ».
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {æóáÇ ÊóÈúÓõØúåóÇ
ßõáøó ÇáúÈóÓúØö} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 29] ÖóÑóÈó ÈóÓúØó ÇáúíóÏö ãóËóáðÇ
áöÐóåóÇÈö ÇáúãóÇáö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÞóÈúÖó ÇáúßóÝøö íóÍúÈöÓõ ãóÇ
ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÈóÓúØóåóÇ
(3/191)
íõÐúåöÈõ ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóãöäúåõ ÇáúãóËóáõ
ÇáúãóÖúÑõæÈõ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÑøóÚúÏö: {ÅöáÇ ßóÈóÇÓöØö
ßóÝøóíúåö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö áöíóÈúáõÛó ÝóÇåõ} [ÇáÑÚÏ: 14]. Ýöí
ÃóÍóÏö æóÌúåóíú ÊóÃúæöíáöåö¡ ßóÃóäøóåõ Íóãóáóåõ Úóáóì
ÇáÊøóæóÓøõØö Ýöí ÇáúãóäúÚö æóÇáÏøóÝúÚö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó:
{æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóäúÝóÞõæÇ áóãú íõÓúÑöÝõæÇ æóáóãú
íóÞúÊõÑõæÇ æóßóÇäó Èóíúäó Ðóáößó ÞóæóÇãðÇ} [ÇáÝÑÞÇä: 67]
ÝóíõÄóæøóáõ ãóÚúäóì ÇáúßóáóÇãö Åáóì ÃóæúÌõåò ËóáóÇËóÉò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Úóäú äóÝóÞóÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúÎóíúÑö¡
æóáóÇ íõäúÝöÞõ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑøö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ÍóÞøó Çááøóåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÊóÌóÇæóÒõ
ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóº áöÆóáøóÇ íóÃúÊöíó ãóäú íóÓúÃóáõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌöÏõ
ÚóØóÇÁð.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: áóÇ ÊõãúÓößú ßõáøó ãóÇáöß¡ æóáóÇ ÊõÚúØö
ÌóãöíÚóåõ¡ ÝóÊóÈúÞóì ãóáõæãðÇ Ýöí ÌöåóÇÊö ÇáúãóäúÚö
ÇáËøóáóÇËö¡ ãóÍúÓõæÑðÇ¡ Ãóíú ãõäúßóÔöÝðÇ Ýöí ÌöåóÉö
ÇáúÈóÓúØö æóÇáúÚóØóÇÁö áöáúßõáøö Ãóæú áöÓóÇÆöÑö æõÌõæåö
ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö ÇáúãóÐúãõæãóÉö.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: åóÐóÇ ÎöØóÇÈñ áöáäøóÈöíøö -
Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÃõãøóÊõåõ¡
æóßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó -
Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÓóíøöÏóåõãú
æóæóÇÓöØóÊóåõãú Åáóì ÑóÈøöåöãú ÚóÈøóÑó Èöåö Úóäúåõãú¡ Úóáóì
ÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÎóíøóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí
ÇáúÛöäóì æóÇáúÝóÞúÑö¡ ÝóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÇáúÝóÞúÑó¡ íóÌõæÚõ íóæúãðÇ¡
æóíóÔúÈóÚõ íóæúãðÇ¡ æóíóÔõÏøõ Úóáóì ÈóØúäöåö ãöäú ÇáúÌõæÚö
ÍóÌóÑóíúäö¡ æóßóÇäó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÕóÈøóÇÑðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó íóÃúÎõÐõ
áöÚöíóÇáöåö ÞõæÊó ÓóäóÊöåöãú Íöíäó ÃóÝóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
ÇáäøóÖöíÑó æóÝóÏóßó æóÎóíúÈóÑó¡ Ëõãøó íóÕúÑöÝõ ãóÇ ÈóÞöíó
Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇÌóÇÊö¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÃúÊöíó ÃóËúäóÇÁó ÇáúÍóæúáö
æóáóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÔóíúÁñ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÏúÎõáú Ýöí åóÐóÇ
ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚò ãöäú ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ áöãóÇ åõæó Úóáóíúåö
ãöäú ÇáúÎöáóÇáö æóÇáúÌóáóÇáö¡ æóÔóÑóÝö ÇáúãóäúÒöáóÉö¡
æóÞõæøóÉö ÇáäøóÝúÓö Úóáóì ÇáúæóÙóÇÆöÝö¡ æóÚóÙöíãö ÇáúÚóÒúãö
Úóáóì ÇáúãóÞóÇÕöÏö¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝóÇáúÎöØóÇÈõ
Úóáóíúåöãú æóÇÑöÏñ¡ æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ æóÇáäøóåúíõ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó
Åáóíúåöãú ãõÊóæóÌøöåñ¡ ÅáøóÇ ÃóÝúÑóÇÏðÇ ÎóÑóÌõæÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó
ÈößóãóÇáö ÕöÝóÇÊöåöãú¡ æóÚóÙöíãö ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú¡ ãöäúåõãú
«ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ¡ ÎóÑóÌó Úóäú ÌóãöíÚö ãóÇáöåö
áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞöÈóáóåõ
ãöäúåõ áöáøóåö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ»º æóÃóÔóÇÑó Úóáóíøó ÃóÈöí
áõÈóÇÈóÉó æóßóÚúÈò ÈöÇáËøõáõËö ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ãóÇáöåöãúº
áöäóÞúÕöåöãú Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÑúÊóÈóÉö Ýöí ÃóÍúæóÇáöåöãúº
æóÃóÚúíóÇäñ ãöäú ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ¡
ÝóÃóÌúÑóÇåõãú ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó
- æóÇÆúÊóãóÑõæÇ ÈöÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö¡ æóÇÕúØóÈöÑõæÇ Úóáóì
ÈóáóÇÆöåö¡ æóáóãú ÊóÊóÚóáøóÞú ÞõáõæÈõåõãú ÈöÏõäúíóÇ¡ æóáóÇ
ÇÑúÊóÈóØóÊú ÃóÈúÏóÇäõåõãú ÈöãóÇáò ãöäúåóǺ æóÐóáößó
áöËöÞóÊöåöãú ÈöãóæúÚõæÏö Çááøóåö Ýöí ÇáÑøöÒúÞö¡ æóÚõÒõæÈö
ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú Úóäú ÇáÊøóÚóáøõÞö ÈöÛóÖóÇÑóÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ.
(3/192)
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÃóÔúíóÇÎöí ãóäú ÇÑúÊóÞóì
Åáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúãóäúÒöáóÉö ÝóãóÇ ÇÏøóÎóÑó ÞóØøõ ÔóíúÆðÇ
áöÛóÏò¡ æóáóÇ äóÙóÑó ÈöãõÄóÎøöÑö Úóíúäöåö Åáóì ÃóÍóÏò¡ æóáóÇ
ÑóÈóØó Úóáóì ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈöíóÏò¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÍóÞøóÞó Ãóäøó
Çááøóåó íóÈúÓõØõ ÇáÑøöÒúÞó áöãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ æóíóÞúÏöÑõ¡ æóåõæó
ÈöÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÎóÈöíÑñ ÈóÕöíÑñ.
[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉ Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÊõáõæÇ
ÃóæúáóÇÏóßõãú ÎóÔúíóÉó ÅãúáóÇÞò äóÍúäõ äóÑúÒõÞõåõãú
æóÅöíøóÇßõãú]
ú Åöäøó ÞóÊúáóåõãú ßóÇäó ÎöØúÆðÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 31]
ÝöíåóÇ ËóáóÇËõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò «Úóäú
ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ
ÓõÆöáó: Ãóíøõ ÇáÐøóäúÈö ÃóÚúÙóãõ¿ ÞóÇáó: Ãóäú ÊóÌúÚóáó
áöáøóåö äöÏøðÇ æóåõæó ÎóáóÞóß. ÞóÇáó: Ëõãøó Ãóíøõ¿ ÞóÇáó:
Ãóäú ÊóÞúÊõáó æóáóÏóß ÎóÔúíóÉó Ãóäú íõØúÚóãó ãóÚóß». æóåóÐóÇ
äóÕøñ ÕóÑöíÍñ æóÍóÏöíËñ ÕóÍöíÍñ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÞóÊúáó
ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÇáÐøõäõæÈöº ÅÐú Ýöíåö ÅÐóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÌöäúÓö¡
æóÅöíËóÇÑõ ÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ æóÊóÚóÇØöí ÇáúæóÍúÏóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ
ÞöæóÇãó áöáúÚóÇáóãö ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÊóÎóáøõÞõ ÇáúÌöäúÓöíøóÉö
ÈöÃóÎúáóÇÞö ÇáÓøóÈõÚöíøóÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãóÚó ÞõæøóÉö
ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö Ýöí ÌóÇÑò Ãóæú ÞóÑöíÈò¡ æóÇáúæóáóÏõ ÃóáúÕóÞõ
ÇáúÞóÑóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÃóÚúÙóãõ ÇáúÍõÑúãóÉö¡ ÝóíóÊóÖóÇÚóÝõ
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ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: æóßóÇäó ãóæúÑöÏõ åóÐóÇ Çáäøóåúíö
Ýöí ÇáúãóÞúÕöÏö ÇáúÃóßúÈóÑö Ãóåúáó ÇáúãóæúÁõæÏóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó
ßóÇäõæÇ íóÑóæúäó ÞóÊúáó
(3/193)
ÇáúÅöäóÇËö ãóÎóÇÝóÉó ÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞö
Úóáóíúåöäøó¡ æóÚóÏóãó ÇáäøõÕúÑóÉö ãöäúåõäøó¡ æóíóÏúÎõáõ
Ýöíåö ßõáøõ ãóäú ÝóÚóáó ÝöÚúáóåõãú ãöäú ÞóÊúáö æóáóÏöåö
ÅãøóÇ ÎóÔúíóÉó ÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞö Ãóæú áöÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäú
ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈöº áóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ÃóÞúæóì ÝöíåóÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãóäóÇ ÈóíóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöí ÌóÑóíóÇäö ÇáúÞöÕóÇÕö
Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÈö æóÇáöÇÈúäö ÈöãóÇ íõÛúäöí Úóäú ÅÚóÇÏóÊöåö
åóÇåõäóÇ.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {Åöäøó ÞóÊúáóåõãú
ßóÇäó ÎöØúÆðÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 31]. ÇáúÎóÇÁõ æóÇáØøóÇÁõ
æóÇáúåóãúÒóÉõ ÊóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáúÞóÕúÏö¡ æóÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáúÞóÕúÏö¡
ÊóÞõæáõ: ÎóØöÆúÊ ÅÐóÇ ÊóÚóãøóÏúÊ¡ æóÃóÎúØóÃúÊ ÅÐóÇ
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[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáËøóÇãöäóÉ Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÊõáõæÇ
ÇáäøóÝúÓó ÇáøóÊöí ÍóÑøóãó Çááøóåõ ÅáøóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö]
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áöæóáöíøöåö} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 33]: ÇáúãóÚúäóì áöáúÞóÑöíÈö ãöäúåõ¡
ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäú Çáúæóáöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÞõÑúÈõ Úóáóì ãóÇ
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íóäúÊóÓöÈõ Åáóíúåö ÈöäóæúÚò ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÈóÚúÖöíøóÉö
Ýóåõæó æóáöíøñ.
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(3/194)
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ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ áöÍößúãóÊöåö ÇáúÈóÇáöÛóÉö¡ æóÞõÏúÑóÊöåö
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ÇáäøóÙóÑóíúäö Èóíúäó Ãóäú íóÞúÊõáó Ãóæú íóÃúÎõÐó ÇáÏøöíóÉó».
æóßóÇäóÊú åóÐöåö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÐößúÑõåõ ÎóÇÕøöíøóÉð
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ÈöÇáúÍõÒúäö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó åóÐóÇ¡ æóåöíó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: ÝóÞóÏú ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Þóæúáõ ãóÇáößò
Ýöí ÏõÎõæáö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáÏøóãö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó
ÈöÏõÎõæáöåöäøó Ýöíåö¡ ÝóáöÚõãõæãö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó
ÈöÎõÑõæÌöåöäøó Úóäúåõ ÝóáöÃóäøó ØóáóÈó ÇáúÞöÕóÇÕö ãóÈúäóÇåõ
Úóáóì ÇáäøóÕúÑö æóÇáúÍöãóÇíóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ ãöäú
ÃóåúáöåóÇ¡ æóÅöáóíúåö æóÞóÚóÊú ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö:
{Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãóäúÕõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 33]. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúäóÇ
ÈöÏõÎõæáöåöäøó Ýöíåö¡ æóåöíó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÝóÝöí
Ãóíøö ÔóíúÁò íóßõæäõ ÏõÎõæáõåõäøó¿ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÑöæóÇíóÊóÇäö:
ÅÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ: Ýöí ÇáúÞóæóÏö Ïõæäó ÇáúÚóÝúæö. æóæóÌúåõåõ Ãóäøó
ÇáúÛóÑóÖó ÇÓúÊöÈúÞóÇÄõåõ áöÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö¡ æóÇáÊøóÔóÝøöí
ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÇáäøóÕöíÑö¡ æóÚóÙöíãö ÇáúÍõÒúäö Úóáóì
ÇáúÝóÞöíÏöº æóÇáäøöÓóÇÁõ ÈöÐóáößó ÃóÎóÕøõ.
æóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Ãóäøó ÏõÎõæáóåõäøó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÝúæö Ïõæäó
ÇáúÞóæóÏö ÊóÛúáöíÈðÇ áöÌóÇäöÈö ÇáúÅöÓúÞóÇØö ÇáøóÐöí
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ÇáúÅöÓúÞóÇØó¡ æóÅöäú ÖóÚõÝó ÃóãúÖóíúäóÇåõ.
ÇäúÊöÕóÇÝñ ÐóßóÑó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Úóäú
ÅÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí Ãóäøóåõ ÇÍúÊóÌøó Úóáóì
ãóäúÚö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ãöäú ÇáÏøõÎõæáö Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÈöæõÌõæåò
ÑóßöíßóÉò¡ ãöäúåóÇ: Ãóäøó Çáúæóáöíøó Ýöí ÙóÇåöÑöåö Úóáóì
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ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÌöäúÓö ÇÓúÊóæóì ÇáúãõÐóßøóÑõ æóÇáúãõÄóäøóËõ
Ýöíåö. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí: áóãú íõäúÕöÝú ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ ãöäú
æóÌúåóíúäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÓúÊóæúÝö ßóáóÇãó
ÅÓúãóÇÚöíáó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÑóßøóåõ ÞóÈúáó ÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÆöåö¡
ÝóÇáÑøóßöíßõ åõæó Þóæúáõåõ ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóÊöãøóº æóÊóãóÇãõ
Þóæúáö ÅÓúãóÇÚöíáó åõæó Ãóäøóåõ
(3/195)
ÞóÇáó: Åäøó Çáúæóáöíøó åóÇåõäóÇ Úóáóì
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ÞóÇáó: {Åöäøó ÇáÅöäúÓóÇäó áóÝöí ÎõÓúÑò} [ÇáÚÕÑ: 2]
Ýóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó æóáöíøõ ÇáúÞóÊöíáö æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡
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ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáäøóÇÓö Íöíäó ÞóÇáó: {Åöäøó ÇáÅöäúÓóÇäó áóÝöí
ÎõÓúÑò} [ÇáÚÕÑ: 2]º áöÃóäøóåóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö
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ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãóÇ æóÇáúæóáöíøõ íóßõæäõ æóáöíøðÇ áöÛóíúÑöåö¡
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ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉó ßõáøóåóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ: ÞóÇáó
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ÇáÒøóæúÌö ãöäú ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö.
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áóåõ Ýöí æöáóÇíóÉö ÇáÏøóãö. ÞóÇáó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ: ÞóÇáó
ÅÓúãóÇÚöíáõ: ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ãöäú ÇáúÞöÕóÇÕö ÊóÞúáöíáõ
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ÞóÇáóåõ ÅÓúãóÇÚöíáõ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÊóÚóÇãóíúÊ ÚóãúÏðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó
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ÝóÌóÚóáóåõ ÃóÕúáðÇ ãöäú ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ æóÑóÏøó Åáóíúåö
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Úóäúåõ¡ æóÃóäúÊó ÊóÍúßöíåö æóÊõÚóæøöáõ Ýöí ÊóÕóÇäöíÝöß
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(3/196)
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Ýöíåö ÎóãúÓóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {ÓõáúØóÇäðÇ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ:
33] Ýöíåö ÎóãúÓóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò: ÞóÇáó ãóÇáößñ: ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäõ
ÃóãúÑõ Çááøóåö Ýöí ÃóÑúÖöåö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ÞóÇáó ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ: ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäõ Åäú
ÔóÇÁó ÚóÝóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó ÞóÊóáó¡ æÅäú ÔóÇÁó ÃóÎóÐó
ÇáÏøöíóÉóº ÞóÇáóåõ ÃóÔúåóÈõ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäõ ØóáóÈõåõ ÍóÊøóì íõÏúÝóÚó Åáóíúåö.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáõ ãõÊóÞóÇÑöÈóÉñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ
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Åáóíúåö Ýóåõæó ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁõ ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóÂÎöÑõåõ ÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÄõåõ¡
æóåõæó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ. æóÃóãúÑõ Çááøóåö åõæó ÍõÌøóÉõ
ÇáúÎóáúÞö áöÚöÈóÇÏöåö¡ æóÚóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÁõ åõæó
ÇáúãõäúÊóåóì¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÏóÇÎóáóÊú¡ æóÊóÞóÇÑóÈóÊú¡
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ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Úóäú ãóÇáößò æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó: ÇáúÞóÊúáõ
ÎóÇÕøóÉð. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÔúåóÈõ Úóäúåõ: ÇáúÎöíÑóÉõ Èóíúäó
ÇáúÞóÊúáö æóÇáÏøöíóÉö¡ æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ¡ æÞóÏú
ÞóÏøóãúäóÇåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö¡ ÝóáúíõäúÙóÑú Ýöíåö ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö
ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö¡ æóÝöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {ÝóáÇ íõÓúÑöÝú Ýöí
ÇáúÞóÊúáö} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 33]: Ýöíåö ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ: áóÇ íóÞúÊõáõ ÛóíúÑó ÞóÇÊöáöåö
ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ: áóÇ íóÞúÊõáõ ÈóÏóáó æóáöíøöåö
ÇËúäóíúäö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ ÊóÝúÚóáõåõ. ÇáËøóÇáöËõ:
áóÇ íõãóËøöáõ ÈöÇáúÞóÇÊöáöº ÞóÇáóåõ ØóáúÞõ Èúäõ ÍóÈöíÈò¡
æóßõáøõåõ ãõÑóÇÏñº áöÃóäøóåõ ÅÓúÑóÇÝñ ßõáøõåõ ãóäúåöíøñ
Úóäúåõ
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó
ãóäúÕõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 33]: íóÚúäöí ãõÚóÇäðÇ.
(3/197)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: æóßóãú ãöäú æóáöíøò
ãóÎúÐõæáò áóÇ íóÕöáõ Åáóì ÍóÞøöåö. ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáúãóÚõæäóÉõ
Êóßõæäõ ÈöÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÊóÇÑóÉð¡ æóÈöÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÆöåóÇ
ÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóÈöãóÌúãõæÚöåöãóÇ ËóÇáöËóÉð¡ ÝóÃóíøõåóÇ ßóÇäó
Ýóåõæó äóÕúÑñ ãöäú Çááøóåö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ¡ æóÍößúãóÊõåõ Ýöí
ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáúæóÌúåóíúäö æóÝöí ÅÝúÑóÇÏö ÇáäøóæúÚóíúäö¡
æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚóÉ Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÑóÈõæÇ ãóÇáó
ÇáúíóÊöíãö ÅáøóÇ ÈöÇóáøóÊöí åöíó ÃóÍúÓóäõ]
õ ÍóÊøóì íóÈúáõÛó ÃóÔõÏøóåõ æóÃóæúÝõæÇ ÈöÇáúÚóåúÏö Åöäøó
ÇáúÚóåúÏó ßóÇäó ãóÓúÆõæáÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 34] {æóÃóæúÝõæÇ
Çáúßóíúáó ÅöÐóÇ ßöáúÊõãú æóÒöäõæÇ ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØóÇÓö
ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãö Ðóáößó ÎóíúÑñ æóÃóÍúÓóäõ ÊóÃúæöíáÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ:
35] ÝöíåóÇ ÓöÊøõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: ÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó Ýöí ãóÇáö
ÇáúíóÊöíãö Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÈöãóÇ íõÛúäöí Úóäú ÅÚóÇÏóÊöåö
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÅöáÇ ÈöÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÃóÍúÓóäõ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 34]:
íóÚúäöí ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÃóÍúÓóäõ áöáúíóÊöíãö¡ æóÐóáößó Èößõáøö
æóÌúåò Êóßõæäõ ÇáúãóäúÝóÚóÉõ Ýöíåö áöáúíóÊöíãö¡ áóÇ
áöáúãõÊóÕóÑøöÝö Ýöíåö¡ ßóÞóæúáö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó: ÇÊøóÌóÑõæÇ Ýöí
ÃóãúæóÇáö ÇáúíóÊóÇãóì áóÇ ÊóÃúßõáõåóÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ¡ æóÞóÏú
ÝóÓøóÑó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ÇáúÍóÓóäó Ýöíåö íóÚúäöí
ÇáÊøöÌóÇÑóÉó
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {ÍóÊøóì íóÈúáõÛó
ÃóÔõÏøóåõ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 34] íóÚúäöí ÞõæøóÊóåõ. æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó
ÇáúÞóæúáõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÔõÏøö Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö íõæÓõÝó¡ æóÓóÑóÏúäóÇ
ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáó Ýöíåö¡ æóÇáúÃóÔõÏøõ ßóãóÇ ÞõáúäóÇ Ýöí
ÇáúÞõæøóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÏóäö. æóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ Ýöí
ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö æóÇáÊøóÌúÑöÈóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÍõÕõæáö
ÇáúæóÌúåóíúäöº ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóÔõÏøó åóÇåõäóÇ æóÞóÚóÊú
ãõØúáóÞóÉð¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÈóíóÇäõ ÇáúíóÊöíãö Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö
ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ãõÞóíøóÏðÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÈúÊóáõæÇ
ÇáúíóÊóÇãóì ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛõæÇ ÇáäøößóÇÍó ÝóÅöäú
ÂäóÓúÊõãú ãöäúåõãú ÑõÔúÏðÇ ÝóÇÏúÝóÚõæÇ Åöáóíúåöãú
ÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú æóáÇ ÊóÃúßõáõæåóÇ ÅöÓúÑóÇÝðÇ æóÈöÏóÇÑðÇ Ãóäú
íóßúÈóÑõæÇ æóãóäú ßóÇäó ÛóäöíøðÇ ÝóáúíóÓúÊóÚúÝöÝú æóãóäú
ßóÇäó ÝóÞöíÑðÇ ÝóáúíóÃúßõáú ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö ÝóÅöÐóÇ
ÏóÝóÚúÊõãú Åöáóíúåöãú ÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú ÝóÃóÔúåöÏõæÇ Úóáóíúåöãú
æóßóÝóì ÈöÇááøóåö ÍóÓöíÈðÇ} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 6]
(3/198)
ÝóÌóãóÚó Èóíúäó ÞõæøóÉö ÇáúÈóÏóäö
ÈöÈõáõæÛö ÇáäøößóÇÍö¡ æóÈóíúäó ÞõæøóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö
ÈöÅöíäóÇÓö ÇáÑøõÔúÏö¡ æóÚóÖøóÏó Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÝóÅöäøóåõ
áóæú ÇÞúÊóÖóÊú ÇáúÂíóÉõ Êóãúßöíäó ÇáúíóÊöíãö ãöäú ãóÇáöåö
ÞóÈúáó ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö áóåõ æóÈóÚúÏó ÍõÕõæáö ÞõæøóÉö
ÇáúÈóÏóäö áóÃóÐúåóÈóåõ Ýöí ÔóåóæóÇÊöåö¡ æóÈóÞöíó ÕõÚúáõæßðÇ
áóÇ ãóÇáó áóåõ. æóÎóÕøó ÇáúíóÊöíãó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÑúØö Ýöí
åóÐóÇ ÇáÐøößúÑö áöÛóÝúáóÉö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäúåõ¡ æóÇÝúÊöÞóÇÏö
ÇáúÂÈóÇÁö áöÈóäöíåöãú¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúÅöåúãóÇáõ áöÝóÞöíÏö
ÇáúÃóÈö Ãóæúáóì.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {æóÃóæúÝõæÇ
ÈöÇáúÚóåúÏö Åöäøó ÇáúÚóåúÏó ßóÇäó ãóÓúÆõæáÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 34]
íóÚúäöí ãóÓúÆõæáðÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúÞóæúáõ Ýöí
ÇáúÚóåúÏö Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó.
[ãóÓúÃóáóÉ ãóÚúäóì Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÃóæúÝõæÇ Çáúßóíúáó ÅÐóÇ
ßöáúÊõãú]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {æóÃóæúÝõæÇ Çáúßóíúáó
ÅöÐóÇ ßöáúÊõãú} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 35] íõÑöíÏõ ÃóÚúØõæåõ
ÈöÇáúæóÝóÇÁö¡ æóåõæó ÇáÊøóãóÇãõ¡ áóÇ ÈóÎúÓó Ýöíåö¡
ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö.
[ãóÓúÃóáóÉ ãóÚúäóì Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÒöäõæÇ ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØóÇÓö
ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {æóÒöäõæÇ
ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØóÇÓö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãö} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 35] íóÚúäöí
ÇáúãöíÒóÇäó ÇáúÚóÏúáó. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ: åõæó ÇáúÞóÈøóÇäõ
íóÚúäöí Èöåö ãóÇ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ãõÎúÈöÑðÇ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò
ÂÎóÑó: {æóáÇ ÊóäúÞõÕõæÇ ÇáúãößúíóÇáó æóÇáúãöíÒóÇäó} [åæÏ:
84] æóÞóÇáó: {æóæóÖóÚó ÇáúãöíÒóÇäó} [ÇáÑÍãä: 7] {ÃóáÇ
ÊóØúÛóæúÇ Ýöí ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö} [ÇáÑÍãä: 8] áóÇ ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉò æóáóÇ
ÈöäõÞúÕóÇäò. æóãöäú äóæóÇÏöÑö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÖúáö ÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøö
ãóÇ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ Úóäúåõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö
ÇáúæóÇÚöÙõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ÅÐóÇ ÃóãúÓóßúÊ
ÚóáøóÇÞóÉó ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö ÈöÇáúÅöÈúåóÇãö æóÇáÓøóÈøóÇÈóÉö¡
æóÇÑúÊóÝóÚóÊú ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáúÃóÕóÇÈöÚö ßóÇäó ÊóÔóßøõáöåóÇ
ãóÞúÑõæÁðÇ ÈöÞóæúáöß Çááøóåõ¡ ÝóßóÃóäøóåóÇ ÅÔóÇÑóÉõ ãöäúåõ
ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ Ýöí ÊóÓúíöíÑö ÇáúæóÒúäö ßóÐóáößó Åáóì Ãóäøó
Çááøóåó ãõØøóáöÚñ Úóáóíúß¡ ÝóÇÚúÏöáú Ýöí æóÒúäöß.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {Ðóáößó ÎóíúÑñ
æóÃóÍúÓóäõ ÊóÃúæöíáÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 35]: Ãóíú ÚóÇÞöÈóÉð.
ãóÚúäóÇåõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÏúáó æóÇáúæóÝóÇÁó Ýöí Çáúßóíúáö
ÃóÝúÖóáõ áöáÊøóÇÌöÑö æóÃóßúÑóãõ áöáúÈóÇÆöÚö ãöäú ØóáóÈö
ÇáúÍöíáóÉö Ýöí ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÇáäøõÞúÕóÇäö Úóáóì
ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÃóÍúÓóäõ ÚóÇÞöÈóÉò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚóÇÞöÈóÉó
áöáúãõÊøóÞöíäó.
[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑóÉ Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÝõ ãóÇ áóíúÓó
áóß Èöåö Úöáúãñ]
ñ Åöäøó ÇáÓøóãúÚó æóÇáúÈóÕóÑó æóÇáúÝõÄóÇÏó ßõáøõ ÃõæáóÆößó
ßóÇäó Úóäúåõ ãóÓúÆõæáÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 36]
(3/199)
ÝöíåóÇ ÎóãúÓõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: Þóæúáõåõ: " áóÇ ÊóÞúÝõ ": ÊóÞõæáõ
ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ: ÞóÝóæúÊå ÃóÞúÝõæåõ¡ æóÞóÝúÊå ÃóÞõæÝõåõ¡
æóÞóÝøóíúÊå: ÅÐóÇ ÇÊøóÈóÚúÊ ÃóËóÑóåõ¡ æóÞóÇÝöíóÉõ ßõáøö
ÔóíúÁò ÂÎöÑõåõº æóãöäúåõ ÇÓúãõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúãõÞóÝøóìº áöÃóäøóåõ ÌóÇÁó ÂÎöÑó
ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÃóÎúíóÑõåõãú. æóãöäúåõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöÝõ¡ æóåõæó
ÇáøóÐöí íóÊøóÈöÚõ ÃóËóÑó ÇáÔøóÈóåö¡ íõÞóÇáõ ÞóÇÝó ÇáúÞóÇÆöÝõ
íóÞõæÝõ¡ ÅÐóÇ ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÑóÃóåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú:
æóáóÇ ÊóÞõÝú¡ ãöËúáó ÊóÞõáú.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö åóÐöåö
ÇááøóÝúÙóÉö: áöáäøóÇÓö ÝöíåóÇ ÎóãúÓóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: áóÇ ÊóÓúãóÚõ æóáóÇ ÊóÑó ãóÇ áóÇ íóÍöáøõ
ÓóãóÇÚõåõ æóáóÇ ÑõÄúíóÊõåõ. ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò:
áóÇ ÊóÊøóÈöÚõ ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõ æóáóÇ íóÚúäöíóß. ÇáËøóÇáöËõ:
ÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ: áóÇ ÊóÞõáú ÑóÃóíúÊ ãóÇ áóãú ÃóÑó¡ æóáóÇ
ÓóãöÚúÊ ãóÇ áóãú ÃóÓúãóÚú. ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: ÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ
ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö: åõæó ÔóåóÇÏóÉõ ÇáÒøõæÑö. ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Þöíáó
Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ãóÚúäóÇåõ áóÇ ÊóÞúÝõ áóÇ ÊóÞõáú.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáõ ßõáøõåóÇ
ÕóÍöíÍóÉñº æóÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÃóÞúæóì ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú
ãõÑúÊóÈöØóÉðº áöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó áóÇ íóÍöáøõ áóåõ Ãóäú
íóÓúãóÚó ãóÇ áóÇ íóÍöáøõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÞõæáó ÈóÇØöáðÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝõ
ÃóÚúÙóãõåõ æóåõæó ÇáÒøõæÑõ.
æóíóÑúÌöÚõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ Åáóì ÇáËøóÇáöËöº áöÃóäøóåõ ÊóÝúÓöíÑñ
áóåõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÍöáøó áóåõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó Ðóáößó ÝóáóÇ
íóÍöáøõ áóåõ Ãóäú íóÊøóÈöÚóåõº æóáöÐóáößó ÞóÇáó ÚõáóãóÇÄõäóÇ
ÑóÍúãóÉõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåöãú: Åäøó ÇáúãõÝúÊöíó ÈöÇáÊøóÞúáöíÏö
ÅÐóÇ ÎóÇáóÝó äóÕøó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Ýöí äóÕøö ÇáäøóÇÒöáóÉö
Úóãøóäú ÞóáøóÏóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÐúãõæãñ ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉöº
áöÃóäøóåõ íóÞöíÓõ æóíóÌúÊóåöÏõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÍóáøö
ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ Ýöí Þóæúáö Çááøóåö
æóÞóæúáö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ áóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáö ÈóÔóÑò ÈóÚúÏóåõãóÇ.
(3/200)
æóãóäú ÞóÇáó ãöäú ÇáúãõÞóáøöÏöíäó åóÐöåö
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÊóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäú Þóæúáö ãóÇáößò Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚö
ßóÐóÇ Ýóåõæó ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö. ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÝóÃóäúÊó
ÊóÞõæáõåóÇ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÞóÈúáóß. ÞõáúäóÇ:
äóÚóãúº äóÍúäõ äóÞõæáõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÊóÝúÑöíÚö ãóÐúåóÈö ãóÇáößò
Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö Ýöí ÇáúÊöÒóÇãö ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö
ÈöÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌö¡ áóÇ Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ ÝóÊúæóì äóÇÒöáóÉñ
ÊóÚúãóáõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÅÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÓóÇÆöáñ
ÚõÑöÖóÊú ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøöº áóÇ
Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌö ÇáúãóÐúåóÈöíøö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ
ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ßóÐóÇ ÝóÇÚúãóáú Úóáóíúåö.
æóãöäúåóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáäøóÇÓö: åóáú ÇáúÍóæúÖõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö
æóÇáÕøöÑóÇØö Ãóæú ÇáúãöíÒóÇäõ ÞóÈúáóåõãóÇ Ãóãú ÇáúÍóæúÖõ¿
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÞóÝúæõ ãóÇ áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åáóì Úöáúãöåöº áöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ
ÃóãúÑñ áóÇ íõÏúÑóßõ ÈöäóÙóÑö ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóáóÇ ÈöäóÙóÑö
ÇáÓøóãúÚö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÎóÈóÑñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åáóì
ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö. æóãöËúáõåõ: ßóíúÝó ßöÝøóÉõ ãóäú ÎóÝøóÊú
ãóæóÇÒöíäõåõ ãöäú ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¿ ßóíúÝó íõÚúØóì ßöÊóÇÈóåõ¿.
[ãóÓúÃóáóÉ ãóÚúäóì Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì Åäøó ÇáÓøóãúÚó
æóÇáúÈóÕóÑó æóÇáúÝõÄóÇÏó]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {Åöäøó ÇáÓøóãúÚó
æóÇáúÈóÕóÑó æóÇáúÝõÄóÇÏó} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 36]: íõÓúÃóáõ ßõáøõ
æóÇÍöÏö ãöäúåóÇ Úóäú Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö¡ ÝóíõÓúÃóáõ ÇáúÝõÄóÇÏõ
ÚóãøóÇ ÇÝúÊóßóÑó æóÇÚúÊóÞóÏó¡ æóÇáÓøóãúÚõ æóÇáúÈóÕóÑõ ÚóãøóÇ
ÑóÃóì ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóæú ÓóãöÚó¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßóÇÝöÑõ
ÝóíõäúßöÑõ¡ ÝóÊóäúØöÞõ Úóáóíúåö ÌóæóÇÑöÍõåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ
ÔóåöÏóÊú ÇÓúÊóæúÌóÈóÊú ÇáúÎõáõæÏó ÇáÏøóÇÆöãó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ
ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ÇáúÚóÇÕöí Ýóáóãú íóÃúÊö Ýöíåö ÃóãúÑñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡
Ýóåõæó ãöËóÇáñ ÑóÇÈöÚñ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ åóÐöåö
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó Ýöí ÑöÓóÇáóÉö ÊóÞúæöíãö ÇáúÝóÊúæóì Úóáóì
Ãóåúáö ÇáÏøóÚúæóì.
[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáúÍóÇÏöíóÉ ÚóÔúÑóÉ Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì æóáóÇ ÊóãúÔö
Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãóÑóÍðÇ]
ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöíóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó:
Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáÇ ÊóãúÔö Ýöí ÇáÃóÑúÖö ãóÑóÍðÇ Åöäøóßó
áóäú ÊóÎúÑöÞó ÇáÃóÑúÖó æóáóäú ÊóÈúáõÛó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáó ØõæáÇ}
[ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 37] {ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ßóÇäó ÓóíøöÆõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøößó
ãóßúÑõæåðÇ - Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÃóæúÍóì Åöáóíúßó ÑóÈøõßó ãöäó
ÇáúÍößúãóÉö æóáÇ ÊóÌúÚóáú ãóÚó Çááøóåö ÅöáóåðÇ ÂÎóÑó
ÝóÊõáúÞóì Ýöí Ìóåóäøóãó ãóáõæãðÇ ãóÏúÍõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 38 -
39] Ýöíåö ÎóãúÓõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
(3/201)
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: Þóæúáõåõ:
{ãóÑóÍðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 37]: Ýöíåö ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ãõÊóßóÈøöÑðÇ. ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÈóØöÑðÇ. ÇáËøóÇáöËõ:
ÔóÏöíÏõ ÇáúÝóÑóÍö. ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: ÇáäøóÔóÇØõ. ÝóÅöÐóÇ
ÊóÊóÈøóÚúÊ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáó æóÌóÏúÊåóÇ ãõÊóÞóÇÑöÈóÉð¡
æóáóßöäøóåóÇ ãõäúÞóÓöãóÉñ ÞöÓúãóíúäö ãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó:
ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ãóÐúãõæãñ¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ãóÍúãõæÏñº ÝóÇáÊøóßóÈøõÑõ
æóÇáúÈóØóÑõ ãóÐúãõæãóÇäö¡ æóÇáúÝóÑóÍõ æóÇáäøóÔóÇØõ
ãóÍúãõæÏóÇäöº æóáöÐóáößó íõæÕóÝõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÇáúÝóÑóÍö¡ ÝóÝöí
ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: «áóáøóåõ ÃóÝúÑóÍõ ÈöÊóæúÈóÉö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãöäú
ÑóÌõáò» ÇáúÍóÏöíËó " æóÇáúßóÓóáõ ãóÐúãõæãñ ÔóÑúÚðÇ¡
æóÇáäøóÔóÇØõ ÖöÏøõåõ. æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÇáÊøóßóÈøõÑõ
ãóÍúãõæÏðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó Úóáóì ÃóÚúÏóÇÁö Çááøóåö æóÚóáóì
ÇáÙøóáóãóÉö.
æóÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÂäó Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÑóÍó ÅÐóÇ
ßóÇäó ÈóÏóäöíøðÇ æóÕöÝóÇÊò áóíúÓó áóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö
äóÕöíÈñ¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÔóÇØõ Åáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íóäúÝóÚõ Ýöí
ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÌúåóíúäö ÌóãöíÚðÇ äöíøóÉñ
ÏöíäöíøóÉñ áöáúãõÊøóÕöÝö ÈöåöãóǺ ÝóÐóáößó ÇáøóÐöí Ðóãøó
Çááøóåõ åóÇåõäóÇ. æóÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóíúåö Þóæúáõåõ Ýöí:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö: {Åöäøóßó áóäú ÊóÎúÑöÞó ÇáÃóÑúÖó}
[ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 37]: íóÚúäöí áóäú ÊóÊóæóáøóÌó ÈóÇØöäóåóÇ¡
ÝóÊóÚúáóãó ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóáóäú ÊóÈúáõÛó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáó ØõæáðÇ¡
æóåöíó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: íõÑöíÏõ áóäú ÊõÓóÇæöíó
ÇáúÌöÈóÇáó ÈöØóæúáöß¡ æóáóÇ ÈöØõæáöß¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ
ÊóÓúÊóÞúÈöáõ ãóÇ ÃóãóÇãóߺ æóÃóíøõ ÝóÖúáò áóß Ýöí Ðóáößó¿
æóÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉõ Ýöíåö ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ Èóíúäó ÇáúÎóáúÞö.
(3/202)
æóíõÑúæóì Ãóäøó ÓóÈóÃð ÏóæøóÎó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó
ÈöÃóÌúäóÇÏöåö ÔóÑúÞðÇ æóÛóÑúÈðÇ¡ ÓóåúáðÇ æóÌóÈóáðÇ¡ æóÞóÊóáó
æóÃóÓóÑó æóÈöåö Óõãøöíó ÓóÈóÃñ æóÏóÇäó áóåõ ÇáúÎóáúÞõ¡
ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Úóäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ËóáóÇËóÉó
ÃóíøóÇãò¡ Ëõãøó ÎóÑóÌó Úóáóíúåöãú ÝóÞóÇáó: Åäøöí áóãøóÇ
äöáúÊ ãóÇ áóãú íóäóáú ÃóÍóÏñ ÑóÃóíúÊ ÇáöÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁó ÈöÔõßúÑö
åóÐöåö ÇáäøöÚóãöº Ýóáóãú ÃóÑó ÃóæúÞóÚó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäú
ÇáÓøõÌõæÏö áöáÔøóãúÓö ÅÐóÇ ÃóÔúÑóÞóÊú¡ ÝóÓóÌóÏõæÇ áóåóÇ¡
ÝóßóÇäó Ðóáößó Ãóæøóáó ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ ÝóåóÐöåö
ÚóÇÞöÈóÉõ ÇáúÎõíóáóÇÁö æóÇáÊøóßóÈøõÑö æóÇáúãóÑóÍö
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ßóÇäó
ÓóíøöÆõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøößó ãóßúÑõæåðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 38]: ÞõÑöÆó
{ÓóíøöÆõåõ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 38] ÈöÑóÝúÚö ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö æóÈöÇáúåóÇÁö¡
æóÈöäóÕóÈö ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÁö¡ Ýóãóäú ÞóÑóÃóåõ ÈöÑóÝúÚö
ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö æóÇáúåóÇÁö ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøó ÇáúßóáóÇãó
ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãó Ýöíåö ÍõÓúäñ ãóÃúãõæÑñ Èöåö¡ æóÝöíåö ÓóíøöÆñ
ãóäúåöíøñ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚó ÇáúæóÕúÝõ ÈöÇáÓøõæÁö Åáóì
ÇáÓøöíÁö ãöäúåõ. æóãóäú ÞóÑóÃóåõ ÈöÇáúåóãúÒóÉö
ÇáúãóäúÕõæÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÁö ÑóÌóÚó Åáóì ãóÇ äõåöíó Úóäúåõ
ãöäúåóǺ áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö Èöåö.
æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ ÇáúÃóæøóáó.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ÇáÔøóíúÁõ ãóßúÑõæåðÇ¡
æóÇáúßóÑóÇåöíóÉõ ÚöäúÏóßõãú ÅÑóÇÏóÉõ ÚóÏóãö ÇáÔøóíúÁö¡
ÝóßóíúÝó íõæÌóÏõ ãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Çááøóåõ ÚóÏóãóåõ¿.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÞóÏú ÃóÌóÈúäóÇ Úóäú Ðóáößó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÔóÑúÍö
ÇáúãõÔúßóáóíúäö¡ ÈöÈóÓúØò. ÈóíóÇäõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÒöº
Ãóäøó ãóÚúäóì ãóßúÑõæåðÇ ãóäúåöíøñ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö
ÇáúæóÌúåóíúäö¡ æóãõÑóÇÏðÇ ãóÃúãõæÑñ Èöåö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ
ÌóÇÁó Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ Èößõãõ ÇáúíõÓúÑó
æóáÇ íõÑöíÏõ Èößõãõ ÇáúÚõÓúÑó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 185]º Ãóíú íóÃúãõÑõ
ÈöÇáúíõÓúÑö¡ æóáóÇ íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÇáúÚõÓúÑö¡ æóíóßõæäõ ãóÚúäóÇåõ
ÃóíúÖðÇ ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ßóÇäó ÓóíøöÆõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöß
ãóßúÑõæåðÇ ÔóÑúÚðÇ¡ Ãóíú áóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäú
ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó æõÌõæÏóåõ¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {æóáÇ
íóÑúÖóì áöÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÇáúßõÝúÑó} [ÇáÒãÑ: 7]º ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÏöíäðÇ
áóÇ æõÌõæÏðǺ áöÃóäøóåõ æõÌöÏó ÈöÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö æóãóÔöíÆóÊöåö¡
ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäú ÚóÈúÏöåö Ýöí ãõáúßöåö ãóÇ áóÇ
íõÑöíÏõåõ.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÃóæúÍóì
Åöáóíúßó ÑóÈøõßó ãöäó ÇáúÍößúãóÉö} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 39]: ÞóÏú
ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ÈóíóÇäó ÇáúÍößúãóÉö åóÇåõäóÇ¡ æóÝöí ßõÊõÈöäóÇ¡
æóÝóÓøóÑúäóÇ æõÌõæåóåóÇ æóãóæóÇÑöÏóåóÇ: æóáõÈóÇÈõåóÇ
åóÇåõäóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúÚöáúãö.
æóÃóÚúÙóãõåóÇ ÞóÏúÑðÇ æóÃóÔúÑóÝõåóÇ ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ ãóÇ ÈóÏóÃó
Èöåö ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: {æóÞóÖóì ÑóÈøõßó ÃóáÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæÇ ÅöáÇ
ÅöíøóÇåõ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 23] æóáóÇ ÊóÌúÚóáú ãóÚó Çááøóåö ÅáóåðÇ
ÂÎóÑó.
(3/203)
[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉ ÚóÔúÑóÉ Þóæúáå
ÊóÚóÇáóì ÊõÓóÈøöÍõ áóåõ ÇáÓøóãóæóÇÊõ ÇáÓøóÈúÚõ æóÇáúÃóÑúÖõ
æóãóäú Ýöíåöäøó]
ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó:
Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÊõÓóÈøöÍõ áóåõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊõ ÇáÓøóÈúÚõ
æóÇáÃóÑúÖõ æóãóäú Ýöíåöäøó æóÅöäú ãöäú ÔóíúÁò ÅöáÇ íõÓóÈøöÍõ
ÈöÍóãúÏöåö æóáóßöäú áÇ ÊóÝúÞóåõæäó ÊóÓúÈöíÍóåõãú Åöäøóåõ
ßóÇäó ÍóáöíãðÇ ÛóÝõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 44] ÝöíåóÇ ãóÓúÃóáóÊóÇäö
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ãóÚúäóì
åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì ÃóÞúæóÇáò ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ ÃõãøóåóÇÊõåóÇ
ÓöÊøóÉñ:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÏóáóÇáóÊõåóÇ Úóáóì æóÍúÏóÇäöíøóÉö Çááøóåö
æóÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóÚöáúãöåö æóÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÕöÝóÇÊöåö
ÇáúÚõáóÇ æÃóÓúãóÇÆöåö ÇáúÍõÓúäóì. ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÊóÐúßöÑóÊõåóÇ
áöáÊøóÓúÈöíÍö ÈöåóÇ. ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ßõáøõ ÔóíúÁò áóåõ
íõÓóÈøöÍõ: áóãúÍõ ÇáúÈóÑúÞö¡ æóÕóÑöíÝõ ÇáÑøóÚúÏö¡ æóÕóÑöíÑõ
ÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ æóÎóÑöíÑõ ÇáúãóÇÁö. ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: ÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ
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ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ: ÇáØøóÚóÇãõ íõÓóÈøöÍõ. ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ:
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æóÇáúÍóÏöíËó: ßõáøõ ÔóíúÁò íõÓóÈøöÍõ ÊóÓúÈöíÍðÇ áóÇ
íóÚúáóãõåõ ÇáúÂÏóãöíøõæäó.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: ÇÚúáóãõæÇ äóæøóÑó Çááøóåõ
ÈóÕóÇÆöÑóßõãú ÈöÚöÑúÝóÇäöåö Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ ßóËõÑó
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ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáöº æóÊóÑúÊöíÈõ ÇáúÞóæúáö åóÇåõäóÇ
Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó íóÓúÊóÍöíáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöáúÌóãóÇÏóÇÊö
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(3/204)
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64]: Ýöíåö ÞóæúáóÇäö:
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ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö¡ ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö¡
æóíóÏúÎõáõ Ýöíåö ãóÇ ÔóÑóÍúäóÇåõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö
ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÂÊóÇåõãóÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ ÌóÚóáÇ áóåõ
ÔõÑóßóÇÁó ÝöíãóÇ ÂÊóÇåõãóÇ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 190]º æóÞóÏú
ÃóæúÖóÍúäóÇ Ðóáößó ßõáøóåõ.
[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉ ÚóÔúÑóÉ æóÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉ ÚóÔúÑóÉ Þóæúáå
ÊóÚóÇáóì ÑóÈøõßõãú ÇáøóÐöí íõÒúÌöí áóßõãú ÇáúÝõáúßó Ýöí
ÇáúÈóÍúÑö]
ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó:
Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÑóÈøõßõãõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÒúÌöí áóßõãõ ÇáúÝõáúßó
Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö áöÊóÈúÊóÛõæÇ ãöäú ÝóÖúáöåö Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó
Èößõãú ÑóÍöíãðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 66] ÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ãóäøó ÑõßõæÈó
ÇáúÈóÍúÑö ÌóÇÆöÒñ Úóáóì ÇáúÚõãõæãö æóÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö¡
æóÞóÓøóãúäóÇ æõÌõæåó ÑõßõæÈöåö Ýöí ãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÇáúÎóáúÞö Èöåö¡
æóÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ãóäøó ãöäú ÌõãúáóÊöåö ÇáÊøöÌóÇÑóÉó æóÌóáúÈó
ÇáúãóäóÇÝöÚö ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö Åáóì ÈóÚúÖò¡ æóåóÐóÇ
ÊóÕúÑöíÍñ ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÈöÞóæúáöåö:
{áöÊóÈúÊóÛõæÇ ãöäú ÝóÖúáöåö} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 66] íóÚúäöí
ÇáÊøöÌóÇÑóÉó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóíúÓó Úóáóíúßõãú
ÌõäóÇÍñ Ãóäú ÊóÈúÊóÛõæÇ ÝóÖúáÇ ãöäú ÑóÈøößõãú} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ:
198]. æóÞóÇáó: {ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞõÖöíóÊö ÇáÕøóáÇÉõ ÝóÇäúÊóÔöÑõæÇ Ýöí
ÇáÃóÑúÖö æóÇÈúÊóÛõæÇ ãöäú ÝóÖúáö Çááøóåö} [ÇáÌãÚÉ: 10].
æóáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Ãóäøó Ðóáößó Ýöí åóÇÊóíúäö ÇáúÂíóÊóíúäö
ÇáÊøöÌóÇÑóÉõº ÝóßóÐóáößó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõº æóßóÐóáößó
íóÏõáøõ:
ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó Þóæúáõåõ: {æóáóÞóÏú
ßóÑøóãúäóÇ Èóäöí ÂÏóãó æóÍóãóáúäóÇåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÈóÑøö
æóÇáúÈóÍúÑö æóÑóÒóÞúäóÇåõãú ãöäó ÇáØøóíøöÈóÇÊö
æóÝóÖøóáúäóÇåõãú Úóáóì ßóËöíÑò ãöãøóäú ÎóáóÞúäóÇ ÊóÝúÖöíáÇ}
[ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 70] Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÑõßõæÈöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóåöíó
ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóæúÖóÍúäóÇ
ÊóÝúÓöíÑóåóÇ Ýöí ÇÓúãö ÇáúßóÑöíãö ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúÃóãóÏö
ÇáúÃóÞúÕóì " ÝóáúíõØúáóÈú Ðóáößó Ýöíåö.
(3/208)
[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉ ÚóÔúÑóÉ Þóæúáå
ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÞöãú ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áöÏõáõæßö ÇáÔøóãúÓö]
ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó:
Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃóÞöãö ÇáÕøóáÇÉó áöÏõáõæßö ÇáÔøóãúÓö Åöáóì
ÛóÓóÞö Çááøóíúáö æóÞõÑúÂäó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö Åöäøó ÞõÑúÂäó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö
ßóÇäó ãóÔúåõæÏðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 78] ÝöíåóÇ ÓóÈúÚõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: {ÃóÞöãö ÇáÕøóáÇÉó} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 78]:
Ãóíú ÇÌúÚóáúåóÇ ÞóÇÆöãóÉð¡ Ãóíú ÏóÇÆöãóÉð. æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {áöÏõáõæßö ÇáÔøóãúÓö}
[ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 78]: æóÝöíåö ÞóæúáóÇäö:
ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ÒóÇáóÊú ÚöäúÏó ßóÈöÏö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁöº ÞóÇáóåõ
ÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóÇÈúäõ
ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÓöæóÇåõãú ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó
æóÛóíúÑõåõãú. ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáÏøõáõæßó åõæó ÇáúÛõÑõæÈõº
ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÚóáöíøñ¡ æóÃõÈóíøõ Èúäõ ßóÚúÈò¡
æóÑõæöíó Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò.
[ãóÓúÃóáóÉ Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì ÛóÓóÞö Çááøóíúáö Ýöíåö ËóáóÇËóÉõ
ÃóÞúæóÇáò]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: {ÛóÓóÞö Çááøóíúáö} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ:
78]: Ýöíåö ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÅÞúÈóÇáõ ÙõáúãóÊöåö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõ ÙõáúãóÊöåö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ãóÛöíÈõ ÇáÔøóÝóÞö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóíøóÏúÊ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ãóäøó ÇáÏøõáõæßó
ÅäøóãóÇ Óõãøöíó Èöåöº áöÃóäøó ÇáÑøóÌõáó íóÏúáõßõ Úóíúäóíúåö
ÅÐóÇ äóÙóÑó Åáóì ÇáÔøóãúÓö Ýöíåö¡ ÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÒøóæóÇáö
ÝóáößóËúÑóÉö ÔõÚóÇÚöåóÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÛõÑõæÈö
ÝóáöíóÊóÈóíøóäóåóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóæú äõÞöáó Úóäú ÇáúÚóÑóÈö
áóßóÇäó ÞóæöíøðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑõ:
åóÐóÇ ãõÞóÇãõ ÞóÏóãóíú ÑóÈóÇÍö ... ÍóÊøóì íõÞóÇáó ÏóáóßúÊ
ÈóÑóÇÍö
ßóÞóæúáöåö ÞóØóÇãö æóÌóÐóÇãö¡ æóÝöí Ðóáößó ßóáóÇãñ.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ãóÇáößñ Ýöí ÇáúãõæóØøóÅö Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò
Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Ïõáõæßõ ÇáÔøóãúÓö ãóíúáõåóÇ. æóÛóÓóÞõ
(3/209)
Çááøóíúáö ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõ Çááøóíúáö
æóÙõáúãóÊõåõ æóÑöæóÇíóÉõ ãóÇáößò Úóäúåõ ÃóÕóÍøõ ãöäú
ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóåõæó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ ãóÇáößò Ýöí ÊóÃúæöíáö
åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö. æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò Õóáøóì
ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈó æóÇáäøóÇÓõ íóÊóãóÇÑóæúäó Ýöí ÇáÔøóãúÓö áóãú
ÊóÛöÈú¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÔóÃúäõßõãú¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: äóÑóì Ãóäøó
ÇáÔøóãúÓó áóãú ÊóÛöÈú. ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ æóÇóáøóÐöí áóÇ Åáóåó
ÛóíúÑõåõ æóÞúÊõ åóÐöåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÑóÃó: {ÃóÞöãö
ÇáÕøóáÇÉó áöÏõáõæßö ÇáÔøóãúÓö Åöáóì ÛóÓóÞö Çááøóíúáö}
[ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 78]º ÞóÇáó: æóåóÐóÇ Ïõáõæßõ ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ æóåóÐóÇ
ÛóÓóÞõ Çááøóíúáö. æóÊóÍúÞöíÞõ Ðóáößó: Ãóäøó ÇáÏøõáõæßó åõæó
Çáúãóíúáõ¡ æóáóåõ Ãóæøóáñ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ æóåõæó ÇáÒøóæóÇáõ¡
æóÂÎöÑñ æóåõæó ÇáúÛõÑõæÈõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÛóÓóÞõ åõæó
ÇáÙøõáúãóÉõ¡ æóáóåóÇ ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁñ æóÇäúÊöåóÇÁñ¡
ÝóÇÈúÊöÏóÇÄõåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÏõÎõæáö Çááøóíúáö¡ æóÇäúÊöåóÇÄõåóÇ
ÚöäúÏó ÛóíúÈõæÈóÉö ÇáÔøóÝóÞö¡ ÝóÑóÃóì ãóÇáößñ Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó
ÊóÖóãøóäóÊú ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÇáúÎóãúÓó¡ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ: Ïõáõæßö
ÇáÔøóãúÓö íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ÇáÙøõåúÑó æóÇáúÚóÕúÑó¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ:
{ÛóÓóÞö Çááøóíúáö} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 78] ÇÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈó
æóÇáúÚöÔóÇÁó¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÞõÑúÂäó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 78]
ÇÞúÊóÖóì ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáÕøõÈúÍö¡ æóåöíó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: æóÓóãøóì ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáÕøõÈúÍö
ÞõÑúÂäðÇ áöíõÈóíøöäó Ãóäøó Ñõßúäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóãóÞúÕõæÏóåóÇ
ÇáúÃóßúÈóÑõ ÇáÐøößúÑõ ÈöÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóáöÞóæúáöåö
ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÇÞúÑóÁõæÇ ãóÇ ÊóíóÓøóÑó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö}
[ÇáãÒãá: 20]º ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÕóáøõæÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõåõ
Åäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ¡ ÃóØúæóáõ ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÞöÑóÇÁóÉð¡
æóáöÞóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -:
«ÞóÓóãúÊõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ÚóÈúÏöí äöÕúÝóíúäö¡
íóÞõæáõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ: ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó¡
íóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ: ÍóãöÏóäöí ÚóÈúÏöí». «æóíóÞõæáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ -
Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøö ÇáøóÐöí
Úóáøóãóåõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó: ÇÞúÑóÃú ÝóÇÊöÍóÉó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóãóÇ
ÊóíóÓøóÑó ãóÚóß ãöäú ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö»¡ ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÕóáøõæÇ Úóáóì
ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõåõ¡ Åäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ¡ æóåöíó ÃóØúæóáõ
ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÞöÑóÇÁóÉð.
[ãóÓúÃóáóÉ ÇáúæóÞúÊ ÇáøóÐöí íóÍúÑõãõ Ýöíåö ÇáØøóÚóÇãõ
æóÇáÔøóÑóÇÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÇÆöãö æóÊóÌõæÒõ Ýöíåö ÕóáóÇÉõ
ÇáÕøõÈúÍö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {ÇáúÝóÌúÑö} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ:
78]: íóÚúäöí ÓóíóáóÇäó ÇáÖøóæúÁö¡ æóÌóÑóíóÇäó ÇáäøõæÑö Ýöí
ÇáúÃõÝõÞö¡ ãöäú ÝóÌóÑó ÇáúãóÇÁõ æóåõæó ÙõåõæÑõåõ
æóÓóíóáóÇäõåõ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ æóãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÌúÑõ
æóåõæó ßóËúÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÁö æóåõæó ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑö
æóÃóæøóáõ Çáúíóæúãö
(3/210)
æóÇáúæóÞúÊõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÍúÑõãõ Ýöíåö
ÇáØøóÚóÇãõ æóÇáÔøóÑóÇÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÇÆöãöº æóÊóÌõæÒõ Ýöíåö
ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáÕøõÈúÍö ÝöÚúáðÇ æóÊóÌöÈõ ÅáúÒóÇãðÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöãøóÉö
æóÍóÊúãðÇ¡ æóíõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ Ýöíåö ÝöÚúáõåóÇ äóÏúÈðÇ¡ ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ
ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -
íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ãõæóÇÙóÈóÊöåö Úóáóì ÕóáóÇÊöåóÇ Ýöí
ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíó
ÈöÇáúãóäóÇÒöáö¡ áóÇ ÈöÇáØøóÇáöÚö ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ
ÈöÇáúÛóÇÑöÈö¡ æóáóÇ ÈöÇáúãõÊóæóÓøöØö Ýöí ßóÈöÏö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁöº
áöÃóäøóß ÅÐóÇ ÊóÑóÇÁóíúÊ ÇáØøóÇáöÚó Ãóæú ÇáúÛóÇÑöÈó
ÝóÊóÑóÇÁóì ÇáúÝóÌúÑõ ÃóæøóáðǺ áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÊóÑúßõ
ÇáúÃóÕúáö ãóÚó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÇáÑøõÌõæÚõ Åáóì
ÇáúÈóÏóáöº æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÌóÚóáó Çááøóåõ ãóæóÇÞöíÊó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö
ÈóíøöäóÉð áöíóÊóÓóÇæóì Ýöí ÏóÑúßöåóÇ ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøõ
æóÇáúÎóÇÕøöíøõ¡ æóáöÃóÌúáö Ðóáößó äóÕóÈóåóÇ ÈóíøöäóÉð
áöáúÃóÈúÕóÇÑö¡ ÙóÇåöÑóÉð Ïõæäó ÇÓúÊöÈúÕóÇÑò¡ ÝóáóÇ ÚõÐúÑó
áöÃóÍóÏò Ãóäú íõÞóáøöÈóåóÇ ÎõÝúíóÉðº ÝóÐóáößó ÚóßúÓõ
ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö¡ æóÎóáúØõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö æóÊóÈúÏöíáõ
ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö.
[ãóÓúÃóáóÉ ÃóÝúÖóáó ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {Åöäøó ÞõÑúÂäó
ÇáúÝóÌúÑö ßóÇäó ãóÔúåõæÏðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 78]: íóÚúäöí
ãóÔúåõæÏðÇ ÈöÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇáúßöÑóÇãö æóÇáúßóÇÊöÈöíäó.
ËóÈóÊó Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -
ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «íóÊóÚóÇÞóÈõæäó
Ýöíßõãú ãóáóÇÆößóÉñ ÈöÇááøóíúáö æóãóáóÇÆößóÉñ ÈöÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡
æóíóÌúÊóãöÚõæäó Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáÕøõÈúÍö æóÝöí ÕóáóÇÉö
ÇáúÚóÕúÑö. Ëõãøó íóÚúÑõÌõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇÊõæÇ Ýöíßõãú
ÝóíóÓúÃóáõåõãú ÑóÈøõåõãú æóåõæó ÃóÚúáóãõ Èöåöãú ßóíúÝó
ÊóÑóßúÊõãú ÚöÈóÇÏöí¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: ÊóÑóßúäóÇåõãú æóåõãú
íõÕóáøõæäó¡ æóÃóÊóíúäóÇåõãú æóåõãú íõÕóáøõæäó». æóÈöåóÐóÇ
ÝõÖøöáóÊú ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáÕøõÈúÍö Úóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö¡
æóíõÔóÇÑößõåóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÕúÑõ¡ ÝóíóßõæäóÇäö ÌóãöíÚðÇ
ÃóÝúÖóáó ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö¡ æóíóÊóãóíøóÒõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáÕøõÈúÍõ
ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÝóÖúáò ÍóÊøóì Êóßõæäó ÇáúæõÓúØóì¡ ßóãóÇ
ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö¡ æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
[ãóÓúÃóáóÉ æóÞúÊ ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáÙøõåúÑö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: ÐóåóÈó Þóæúãñ Åáóì Ãóäøó ÕóáóÇÉó
ÇáÙøõåúÑö íóÊóãóÇÏóì æóÞúÊõåóÇ ãöäú ÇáÒøóæóÇáö Åáóì
ÇáúÛõÑõæÈöº áöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÚóáøóÞó æõÌõæÈóåóÇ Úóáóì
ÇáÏøõáõæßö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Ïõáõæßñ ßõáøõåõº ÞóÇáóåõ
ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó Ýöí ÊóÝúÕöíáò¡ æóÃóÔóÇÑó
Åáóíúåö ãóÇáößñ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö.
(3/211)
æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõæäó: æóÞúÊõ ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö
íóßõæäõ ãöäú ÇáúÛõÑõæÈö Åáóì ãóÛöíÈö ÇáÔøóÝóÞöº áöÃóäøóåõ
ÛóÓóÞñ ßõáøõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ ãöäú ãóÐúåóÈö ãóÇáößò
æóÞóæúáõåõ Ýöí ãõæóØøóÆöåö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÑóÃóåõ Øõæáó ÚõãõÑöåö¡
æóÃóãúáóÇåõ ÍóíóÇÊóåõ.
æóãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö ÇáøóÊöí ÈóíøóäøóÇåóÇ
ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÃóÔóÑúäóÇ ÅáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöäóÇ ÚöäúÏó
ÌóÑóíóÇäöåóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãó ÇáúãõÚóáøóÞóÉó
ÈöÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö¡ åóáú ÊóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÃóæóÇÆöáöåóÇ Ãóãú
ÈöÂÎöÑöåóÇ¿ ÝóíóÑúÊóÈöØõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöÌóãöíÚöåóÇ. æóÞóÏú
ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ¡ æóÌóÑóì ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí
ãóÓóÇÆöáö ãóÇáößò Úóáóì æóÌúåò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Ðóáößó
ãõÎúÊóáöÝñ ÚöäúÏóåõ. æóÇáúÃóÞúæóì Ýöí ÇáäøóÙóÑö Ãóäú
íóÑúÊóÈöØó ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöÃóæóÇÆöáöåóÇ¡ áöÆóáøóÇ íóÚõæÏó
ÐößúÑõåóÇ áóÛúæðÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇÑúÊóÈóØó ÈöÃóæóÇÆöáöåóÇ ÌóÑóì
ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÇáäøóÙóÑõ Ýöí ÊóÚóáøõÞöåö ÈöÇáúßõáøö Åáóì
ÇáúÂÎöÑö Ãóãú ÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö Úóáóì ãóÇ
íõÚúØöíå ÇáÏøóáöíáõ¡ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÊóÚóáøõÞö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö
ÈöÇáÒøóæóÇáöº áöÃóäøóåõ Ãóæøóáõ ÇáÏøõáõæßö. æóßõäøóÇ
äõÚóáøöÞõåóÇ ÈöÇáúÌóãöíÚö¡ ÅáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö
ÞóÏú ÃóÎóÐóÊú ãöäúåóÇ æóÞúÊóåóÇ¡ ãöäú ßóæúäö Ùöáøö ßõáøö
ÔóíúÁò ãöËúáóåõº ÝóÇäúÞóØóÚó Íõßúãõ ÇáÙøõåúÑö áöÏõÎõæáö
æóÞúÊö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ ÝóÈóÞöíó ÇáäøóÙóÑõ Ýöí ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßöåöãóÇ
ãóÚðÇ¡ ÈöÏóáöíáò ÂÎóÑó ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö
æóÔóÑúÍö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÝöíåö Øõæáñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö ÝóÃóãúÑõåóÇ ÃóÈúíóäõ ãöäú
ÇáúÃóæøóáöº áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÂÎöÑö ÇáÏøõáõæßö¡
æóåõæó ÇáúÛõÑõæÈõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ÕóáóÇÉñ ÊõÞúØóÚõ
ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÊóÃúÎõÐõ ÇáúæóÞúÊó ãöäúåóÇ Åáóì ãóÛöíÈö ÇáÔøóÝóÞö¡
Ýóåóáú íóÊóãóÇÏóì æóÞúÊõåóÇ Åáóì ÏõÎõæáö æóÞúÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö
ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ Ãóãú íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáúÃóæøóáö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¿ æóÞóÏú
Èóíøóäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí
ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö åóÐóÇ ßõáøóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: «æóÞúÊõ
ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö ãóÇ áóãú íóÍúÖõÑú æóÞúÊõ ÇáúÚöÔóÇÁö». æóÞóÇáó
ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöíåö: «æóÞúÊõ ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö ãóÇ áóãú íóÓúÞõØú äõæÑõ
ÇáÔøóÝóÞö»º ÝóÇÑúÊóÝóÚó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÈöÈóíóÇäö ãõÈóáøöÛö
ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö.
(3/212)
[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉ ÚóÔúÑóÉ Þóæúáå
ÊóÚóÇáóì æóãöäú Çááøóíúáö ÝóÊóåóÌøóÏú Èöåö äóÇÝöáóÉð áóß]
ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó:
Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãöäó Çááøóíúáö ÝóÊóåóÌøóÏú Èöåö
äóÇÝöáóÉð áóßó ÚóÓóì Ãóäú íóÈúÚóËóßó ÑóÈøõßó ãóÞóÇãðÇ
ãóÍúãõæÏðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 79] ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: Þóæúáõåõ: {ÝóÊóåóÌøóÏú Èöåö}
[ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 79]: íóÚúäöí ÇÓúåóÑú Èöåö. æóÇáúåõÌõæÏõ:
Çáäøóæúãõ¡ æóÇáÊøóåóÌøõÏõ ÊóÝóÚøõáñ¡ æóåõæó áöÇßúÊöÓóÇÈö
ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÅöËúÈóÇÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóÞóÏú íóÃúÊöí
áöäóÝúíöåö Ýöí ÍõÑõæÝò ãóÚúÏõæÏóÉò¡ ÌöãóÇÚõåóÇ ÓóÈúÚóÉñ:
ÊóåóÌøóÏó: äóÝóì ÇáúåõÌõæÏó¡ ÊóÎóæøóÝó: äóÝóì ÇáúÎóæúÝó¡
ÊóÍóäøóËó: äóÝóì ÇáúÍöäúËó¡ ÊóäóÌøóÓó: ÃóáúÞóì ÇáäøóÌóÇÓóÉó
Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö. ÊóÍóÑøóÌó¡ äóÝóì ÇáúÍóÑóÌó¡ ÊóÃóËøóãó: äóÝóì
ÇáúÅöËúãó¡ ÊóÚóÐøóÑó: äóÝóì ÇáúÚõÐúÑó. ÊóÞóÐøóÑó: äóÝóì
ÇáúÞóÐóÑó. æóÝöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÊóÌóÒøóÚó: äóÝóì ÇáúÌóÒóÚó.
[ãóÓúÃóáóÉ ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóå
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞöíóÇãõ Çááøóíúáö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {äóÇÝöáóÉð áóßó}
[ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 79]: æóÇáäøóÝóáõ åõæó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ¡ ßóãóÇ
ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÈóíóÇäõåõº æóÝöí æóÌúåö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö åóÇåõäóÇ
ÞóæúáóÇäö: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Úóáóì ÝóÑúÖöåö
ÎóÇÕøóÉð Ïõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Þóæúáõåõ: {äóÇÝöáóÉð áóßó} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 79]º Ãóíú
ÒöíóÇÏóÉðº áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íõßóÝøöÑõ ÔóíúÆðǺ ÅÐú ÛõÝöÑó áóåõ
ÐóäúÈõåõ. æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÃóÕóÍøõº áöÃóäøó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÝóÇÓöÏñº
ÅÐú äóÝúáõåõ æóÝóÑúÖõåõ áóÇ íõÕóÇÏöÝõ ÐóäúÈðÇ¡ æáóÇ ÕóáóÇÉõ
Çááøóíúáö æóáóÇ ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑö ÊõßóÝøöÑóÇäö ÎóØöíÆóÉðº
áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó ãóÚúÏõæãñ Ýöí ÍóÏøöåö æõÌõæÏðÇ¡ ãóÚúÏõæãñ Ýöí
ÍóÞøöåö ãõÄóÇÎóÐóÉð áóæú ßóÇäó áöÝóÖúáö ÇáúãóÛúÝöÑóÉö ãöäú
Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåö. æóãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì
Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞöíóÇãõ Çááøóíúáö¡ «æóßóÇäó
íóÞõæãõ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÑöãó ÞóÏóãóÇåõ»º æóÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ðóáößó
Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö " æóÝöí ÓõæÑóÉö " ÇáúãõÒøóãøöáö
".
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Ýöí ÕöÝóÉö åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóåóÌøõÏö
æóÝöíåö ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ Çáäøóæúãõ¡ Ëõãøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ¡ Ëõãøó
Çáäøóæúãõ¡ Ëõãøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ.
(3/213)
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÈóÚúÏó
Çáäøóæúãö. ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÚöÔóÇÁö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÏóÚóÇæóì ãöäú ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóáóÚóáøóåõãú
ÅäøóãóÇ ÚóæøóáõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó íóäóÇãõ æóíõÕóáøöí¡ æóíóäóÇãõ
æóíõÕóáøöí¡ ÝóÚóæøóáõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáó ßóÇäó
ÇãúÊöËóÇáðÇ áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó
ÝóÇáúÃóãúÑõ Ýöíåö ÞóÑöíÈñ.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Ýöí æóÌúåö ßóæúäö ÞöíóÇãö
Çááøóíúáö ÓóÈóÈðÇ áöáúãóÞóÇãö ÇáúãóÍúãõæÏö æóÝöíåö ÞóæúáóÇäö
áöáúÚõáóãóÇÁö:
ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÈóÇÑöÆó íóÌúÚóáõ ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó ãöäú
ÝöÚúáöåö ÓóÈóÈðÇ áöÝóÖúáöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò ÈöæóÌúåö
ÇáúÍößúãóÉö Ýöíåö¡ Ãóæú ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÉö æóÌúåö ÇáúÍößúãóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÞöíóÇãó Çááøóíúáö Ýöíåö ÇáúÎóáúæóÉõ ãóÚó
ÇáúÈóÇÑöÆö æóÇáúãõäóÇÌóÇÉõ Ïõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓöº ÝóíõÚúØóì
ÇáúÎóáúæóÉó Èöåö æóãõäóÇÌóÇÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ
ãóÞóÇãðÇ ãóÍúãõæÏðÇ¡ æóíóÊóÝóÇÖóáõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÎóáúÞõ ÈöÍóÓóÈö
ÏóÑóÌóÇÊöåöãúº ÝóÃóÌóáøõåõãú Ýöíåö ÏóÑóÌóÉð ãõÍóãøóÏñ -
Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÚúØóì ãöäú
ÇáúãóÍóÇãöÏö ãóÇ áóãú íõÚúØó ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóíóÔúÝóÚõ æóáóÇ
íóÔúÝóÚõ ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáËøóÇãöäóÉ ÚóÔúÑóÉ Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì æóíóÓúÃóáõæäóß
Úóäú ÇáÑøõæÍö Þõáú ÇáÑøõæÍõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøöí]
ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáËøóÇãöäóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó:
Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóíóÓúÃóáõæäóßó Úóäö ÇáÑøõæÍö Þõáö
ÇáÑøõæÍõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøöí æóãóÇ ÃõæÊöíÊõãú ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö
ÅöáÇ ÞóáöíáÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 85] ÞóÏú ÃóØóáúäóÇ ÇáäøóÝóÓó Ýöí
åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãõÔúßóáóíúäö æóÔóÑúÍö
ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÈöãóÇ íóÞöÝõ Èößõãú ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö¡
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂäó ÝóÎõÐõæÇ äóÈúÐóÉð ÊõÔúÑöÝõ Èößõãú Úóáóì
ÇáúÛóÑóÖö: ËóÈóÊó Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö «ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÛóíúÑöåö ÞóÇáó
ÈóíúäóÇ ÃóäóÇ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÍóÑúËò æóåõæó ãõÊøóßöÆñ Úóáóì ÚóÓöíÈò ÅÐú
ãóÑøó ÇáúíóåõæÏõ ÝóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú áöÈóÚúÖò: Óóáõæåõ Úóäú
ÇáÑøõæÍö. ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÑóÇÈóßõãú Åáóíúåö¿ áóÇ
íóÓúÊóÞúÈöáúäóßõãú ÈöÔóíúÁò ÊóßúÑóåõæäóåõ. ÞóÇáõæÇ: Óóáõæåõ¡
ÝóÓóÃóáõæåõ Úóäú
(3/214)
ÇáÑøõæÍö¡ ÝóÃóãúÓóßó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì
Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýóáóãú íóÑõÏøó Úóáóíúåöãú
ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóÚóáöãúÊ Ãóäøóåõ íõæÍóì Åáóíúåö¡ ÝóÞõãúÊ ãóÞóÇãöí¡
ÝóáóãøóÇ äóÒóáó ÇáúæóÍúíõ ÞóÇáó: íóÓúÃóáõæäóßó Úóäú "
ÇáÑøõæÍö " ÇáúÂíóÉó».
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò Úóäú ãóÇáößò: áóãú íóÃúÊöåö Ýöí Ðóáößó
ÌóæóÇÈñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÈóßúÑõ Èúäõ ãõÖóÑó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇÈúäö
æóåúÈò Úóäúåõ: Åäøó ÇáúíóåõæÏó ÞóÇáõæÇ: Óóáõæåõ Úóäú
ÇáÑøõæÍö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃóÎúÈóÑóßõãú ÝóáóíúÓó ÈöäóÈöíøò¡ æóÅöäú
áóãú íõÎúÈöÑúßõãú Ýóåõæó äóÈöíøñ¡ ÝóÓóÃóáõæåõ ÝóäóÒóáóÊú
ÇáúÂíóÉõ.
æóãóÚúäóì åóÐóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó áóÇ íóÊóßóáøóãõæäó ãóÚó
ÇáúÎóáúÞö Ýöí ÇáúãõÊóÔóÇÈöåóÇÊö¡ æóáóÇ íõÝöíÖõæäó ãóÚóåõãú
Ýöí ÇáúãõÔúßöáóÇÊö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÃúÎõÐõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÈóíøöäö
ãöäú ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáóÇÊö¡ æóÇáÑøõæÍõ ÎóáúÞñ ãöäú
ÎóáúÞö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÌóÚóáóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÌúÓóÇãö¡
ÝóÃóÍúíóÇåóÇ Èöåö¡ æóÚóáöãóåóÇ æóÃóÞúÏóÑóåóÇ¡ æóÈóäóì
ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáÔøóÑöíÝóÉó¡ æóÇáúÃóÎúáóÇÞó
ÇáúßóÑöíãóÉó¡ æóÞóÇÈóáóåóÇ ÈöÃóÖúÏóÇÏöåóÇ áöäõÞúÕóÇäö
ÇáúÂÏóãöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÅäúßóÇÑóåóÇ áóãú
íóÞúÏöÑú áöÙõåõæÑö ÂËóÇÑöåóÇ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ãóÚúÑöÝóÊóåóÇ
æóåöíó Èóíúäó ÌóäúÈóíúåö áóãú íóÓúÊóØöÚú¿º áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÕõÑó
ÚóäúåóÇ æóÞóÕõÑó Èöåö ÏõæäóåóÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÃóßúËóÑõ
ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö: Åäøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÑóßøóÈó Ðóáößó Ýöíåö
ÚöÈúÑóÉð¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóÝöí ÃóäúÝõÓößõãú ÃóÝóáÇ
ÊõÈúÕöÑõæäó} [ÇáÐÇÑíÇÊ: 21] áöíóÑóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÈóÇÑöÆó
ÊóÚóÇáóì áóÇ íõÞúÏóÑõ Úóáóì ÌóÍúÏöåö áöÙõåõæÑö ÂíóÇÊöåö Ýöí
ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö:
ÝóÝöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÂíóÉñ ... ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ æóÇÍöÏñ
æóáóÇ íõÍöíØõ Èöåö áößöÈúÑöíóÇÆöåö æóÚóÙóãóÊöåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ
æóÞóÝó ãõÊóÝóßøöÑðÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ äóÇÏóÇåõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑõ: áóÇ
ÊóÑúÊóÈú¡ ÝóÝöíß ãöäú Ðóáößó ÂËóÇÑñ¡ ÇõäúÙõÑú Åáóì ãóæúÌõæÏò
Ýöí ÅåóÇÈöß áóÇ ÊóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÅäúßóÇÑöåö áöÙõåõæÑö
ÂËóÇÑöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÊõÍöíØõ ÈöãöÞúÏóÇÑöåö¡ áöÞõÕõæÑöß Úóäúåõ
ÝóíóÃúÎõÐõåõ ÇáÏøóáöíáõ¡ æóÊóÞõæãõ áöáøóåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ
ÇáúÈóÇáöÛóÉõ Úóáóíúåö.
[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚóÉ ÚóÔúÑóÉ Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì æóáóÞóÏú
ÂÊóíúäóÇ ãõæÓóì ÊöÓúÚó ÂíóÇÊò ÈóíøöäóÇÊò]
ò ÝóÇÓúÃóáú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÅöÐú ÌóÇÁóåõãú ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ
ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ Åöäøöí áÃóÙõäøõßó íóÇ ãõæÓóì ãóÓúÍõæÑðÇ}
[ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 101]
(3/215)
ÝöíåóÇ ãóÓúÃóáóÊóÇäö:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö: æóÝöíåóÇ
ÎóãúÓóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: åöíó íóÏõåõ¡ æóÚóÕóÇåõ¡
æóáöÓóÇäõåõ¡ æóÇáúÈóÍúÑõ¡ æóÇáØøõæÝóÇäõ¡ æóÇáúÌóÑóÇÏõ¡
æóÇáúÞõãøóáõ¡ æóÇáÖøóÝóÇÏöÚõ¡ æóÇáÏøóãõ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÃóäøóåóÇ ÇáØøõæÝóÇäõ¡ æóÇáúÌóÑóÇÏõ¡ æóÇáúÞõãøóáõ¡
æóÇáÖøóÝóÇÏöÚõ¡ æóÇáÏøóãõ¡ æóÇáúÈóÍúÑõ¡ æóÚóÕóÇåõ¡
æóÇáØøóãúÓóÉõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÌóÑõº ÞóÇáóåõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ßóÚúÈò
áöÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÚõãóÑõ: ãóÇ
ÇáØøóãúÓóÉõ ÞóÇáó Þóæúáõåõ: {ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÇØúãöÓú Úóáóì
ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú} [íæäÓ: 88]. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÏóÚóÇ ÚõãóÑõ ÈöÎóÑöíØóÉò
ßóÇäóÊú áöÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö Èúäö ãóÑúæóÇäó ÃõÕöíÈóÊú
ÈöãöÕúÑó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÌóæúÒóÉõ æóÇáúÈóíúÖóÉõ
æóÇáúÚóÏóÓóÉõ¡ ãõÓöÎóÊú ÍöÌóÇÑóÉð ßóÇäóÊú ãöäú ÃóãúæóÇáö
ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÈöãöÕúÑó.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò Úóäú ãóÇáößò åöíó: ÇáúÍóÌóÑõ¡
æóÇáúÚóÕóÇ¡ æóÇáúíóÏõ¡ æÇáØøõæÝóÇäõ¡ æóÇáúÌóÑóÇÏõ¡
æóÇáúÞõãøóáõ¡ æóÇáÖøóÝóÇÏöÚõ¡ æóÇáÏøóãõ¡ æóÇáØøóæúÏõ.
æóÞóÇáó ãóÇáößñ: ÇáØøõæÝóÇäõ: ÇáúãóÇÁõ.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ñóæóì ãõØóÑøöÝñ Úóäú ãóÇáößò åöíó: ÇáØøõæÝóÇäõ¡
æóÇáúÌóÑóÇÏõ¡ æóÇáúÞõãøóáõ¡ æóÇáÖøóÝóÇÏöÚõ¡ æóÇáÏøóãõ¡
æóÇáúÚóÕóÇ¡ æóÇáúíóÏõ¡ æóÇáúÈóÍúÑõ æÇáúÌóÈóáõ¡ Ýöí ÃóÞúæóÇáò
ßóËöíÑóÉò.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ñóæóì ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ Úóäú ÕóÝúæóÇäó
Èúäö ÚóÓøóÇáò ÇáúãõÑóÇÏöíøö Ãóäú «íóåõæÏöíøóíúäö ÓóÃóáóÇ
ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóäú
ÇáÊøöÓúÚö ÇáúÂíóÇÊöº ÝóÞóÇáó: åöíó ÃóáøóÇ ÊõÔúÑößõæÇ
ÈöÇóááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÓúÑöÞõæÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÒúäõæÇ¡ æóáóÇ
ÊóÞúÊõáõæÇ ÇáäøóÝúÓó ÇáøóÊöí ÍóÑøóãó Çááøóåõ ÅáøóÇ
ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóáóÇ ÊóãúÔõæÇ ÈöÈóÑöíÁò Åáóì Ðöí ÓõáúØóÇäò
áöíóÞúÊõáóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÓúÎóÑõæÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÐöÝõæÇ
ÇáúãõÍúÕóäóÇÊö¡ æóáóÇ ÊõæóáøóæúÇ ÇáúÃóÏúÈóÇÑó ÚöäúÏó
ÇáÒøóÍúÝö¡ æóÚóáóíúßõãú ÎóÇÕøóÉð íóåõæÏõ ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÚúÊóÏõæÇ
Ýöí ÇáÓøóÈúÊö. ÝóÞóÈøóáóÇ íóÏóíúåö æóÑöÌúáóíúåö¡ æóÞóÇáóÇ:
äóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøóß äóÈöíøñ. ÝóÞóÇáó: æóãóÇ íóãúäóÚõßõãóÇ Ãóäú
ÊóÊøóÈöÚóÇäöí¿ ÝóÞóÇáóÇ: Åäøó ÏóÇæõÏ ÏóÚóÇ ÃóáøóÇ íóÒóÇáó
ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö äóÈöíøñ¡ æóÅöäøóÇ äóÎóÇÝõ Åäú ÇÊøóÈóÚúäóÇß
Ãóäú ÊóÞúÊõáóäóÇ íóåõæÏõ».
(3/216)
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÑóì
ãöäú ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö åóÇåõäóÇ ÐößúÑõ ÇáúÚóÕóÇ¡ æóÓóäóÓúÊóæúÝöí
ÇáúÞóæúáó ÝöíåóÇ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " Øóåó " Åäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ.
[ÇáúÂíóÉ ÇáúÚõÔúÑõæäó Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì Þõáú ÇõÏúÚõæÇ Çááøóåó
Ãóæú ÇõÏúÚõæÇ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäó]
ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáúãõæÝöíóÉõ ÚöÔúÑöíäó:
Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáö ÇÏúÚõæÇ Çááøóåó Ãóæö ÇÏúÚõæÇ
ÇáÑøóÍúãóäó ÃóíøðÇ ãóÇ ÊóÏúÚõæÇ Ýóáóåõ ÇáÃóÓúãóÇÁõ
ÇáúÍõÓúäóì æóáÇ ÊóÌúåóÑú ÈöÕóáÇÊößó æóáÇ ÊõÎóÇÝöÊú ÈöåóÇ
æóÇÈúÊóÛö Èóíúäó Ðóáößó ÓóÈöíáÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 110] ÝöíåóÇ
ËóáóÇËõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: Ýöí ÓóÈóÈö äõÒõæáöåóÇ: æóÝöí Ðóáößó
ÎóãúÓóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ñóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ Úóäú ÇÈúäö
ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó åõäóÇ ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö
ÞóÇáó: «ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó
- ÅÐóÇ Õóáøóì ÈöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÑóÝóÚó ÕóæúÊóåõ ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚó Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó ÓóÈøõæÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó¡
æóãóäú ÃóäúÒóáó æóãóäú ÌóÇÁó Èöåöº ÝóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ
áöäóÈöíøöåö: {æóáÇ ÊóÌúåóÑú ÈöÕóáÇÊößó} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 110]
ÝóíóÓúãóÚó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó {æóáÇ ÊõÎóÇÝöÊú ÈöåóÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ:
110] ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóÓúãóÚóßó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõß ÇáúÂíóÉó». ÇáËøóÇäöí:
ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁöº ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡
æóÛóíúÑõåõ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ æóÇÈúäö æóåúÈò ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÑóæóÇåõ
Úóäú ãóÇáößò Úóäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóáúÍóÉó¡ Úóäú ÇÈúäö
ÚóÈøóÇÓò: Þöíáó áöãõÍóãøóÏò: áóÇ ÊõÍúÓöäú ÕóáóÇÊóß Ýöí
ÇáúÚóáóÇäöíóÉö ãõÑóÇÁóÇÉð¡ æóáóÇ ÊõÓöíÆõåóÇ Ýöí
ÇáúãõÎóÇÝóÊóÉö.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò
ÅäøóãóÇ äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö áöÃóãúÑòº æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó
áóãøóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáöåö Ýöí ÚóÏóÏö ÎóÒóäóÉö
ÇáäøóÇÑö: {ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÊöÓúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó} [ÇáãÏËÑ: 30] ÞóÇáõæÇ
Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ¡ æóÌóÚóáõæÇ ÅÐóÇ ÓóãöÚõæÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøó
- Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÊóÝóÑøóÞõæäó Úóäúåõ¡
ÝóßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÅÐóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÓúãóÚó ÇÓúÊóÑóÞó
ÇáÓøóãúÚó
(3/217)
Ïõæäóåõãú ÝóÑóÞðÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì
Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝõæÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóÓúÊóãöÚõ] ÐóåóÈó ÎóÔúíóÉó
ÃóÐóÇåõãú¡ æóÅöäú ÎóÝóÖó ÕóæúÊóåõ íóÙõäøõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÓúãóÚõ
Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÓúãóÚõæäó ãöäú ÞöÑóÇÁóÊöåö ÔóíúÆðÇ æóÓóãöÚó
åõæó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÕóÇÎó áóåõ íóÓúãóÚõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÞöíáó
áóåõ: áóÇ ÊóÌúåóÑú ÈöÕóáóÇÊöß ÝóíóÊóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ Úóäúß¡ æóáóÇ
ÊõÎóÇÝöÊú ÈöåóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÓúãóÚõåóÇ ãóäú íóÓúÊóÑöÞõ ÇáÓøóãúÚó¡
ÑóÌóÇÁó Ãóäú íóÑúÚóæöíó Åáóì ÈóÚúÖö ãóÇ íóÓúãóÚõ
ÝóíóäúÊóÝöÚõ Èöåö ÇáúæóÓúäóÇäõ. ÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ
ÓöíÑöíäó: ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò íõÎóÇÝöÊõ¡ æóÚõãóÑõ íóÌúåóÑõ¡
ÝóÞöíáó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃõÓúãöÚõ ãóäú
ÃõäóÇÌöí. æóÞöíáó áöÚõãóÑó Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃõæÞöÙõ
ÇáúæóÓúäóÇäó¡ æóÃóØúÑõÏõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó¡ æóÃóÐúßõÑõ
ÇáÑøóÍúãóäó. ÝóÞöíáó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò: ÇÑúÝóÚú ÞóáöíáðÇ.
æóÞöíáó áöÚõãóÑó: ÇÎúÝöÖú ÞóáöíáðÇ¡ æóÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏó
Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáÇ ÊóÌúåóÑú ÈöÕóáÇÊößó æóáÇ ÊõÎóÇÝöÊú
ÈöåóÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 110].
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: ÚóÈøóÑó Çááøóåõ åóÇåõäóÇ
ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóäú ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÚóÈøóÑú ÈöÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö
Úóäú ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóÞõÑúÂäó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö Åöäøó
ÞõÑúÂäó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö ßóÇäó ãóÔúåõæÏðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 78]º áöÃóäøó
ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåóÇ ãõÑúÊóÈöØñ ÈöÇáúÂÎóÑöº ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ
ÊóÔúÊóãöáõ Úóáóì ÞöÑóÇÁóÉò æóÑõßõæÚò æóÓõÌõæÏò¡ Ýóåöíó ãöäú
ÌõãúáóÉö ÃóÌúÒóÇÆöåóÇ¡ ÝóíõÚóÈøóÑõ ÈöÇáúÌõÒúÁö Úóäú
ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö Úóäú ÇáúÌõÒúÁö¡ Úóáóì ÚóÇÏóÉö
ÇáúÚóÑóÈö Ýöí ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö æóåõæó ßóËöíÑñ.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Ýöí ÊóÊóÈøõÚö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö
ÈöÇáÊøóäúÞöíÍö: ÃóãøóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÇÊõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò
ÝóÃóÕóÍøõåóÇ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ æóÃóãøóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó
ÝóíõÚóÖøöÏõåóÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó Ýöí ãóÓöíÑò¡ ÝóÑóÝóÚõæÇ
ÃóÕúæóÇÊóåõãú ÈöÇáÊøóßúÈöíÑö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: Åäøóßõãú áóÇ ÊóÏúÚõæäó ÃóÕóãøó¡ æóáóÇ
ÛóÇÆöÈðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÏúÚõæäó ÓóãöíÚðÇ ÞóÑöíÈðǺ Åäøóåõ
Èóíúäóßõãú æÈóíúäó ÑõÁõæÓö ÑöÍóÇáößõãú».
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ ÝóÅöäú ÕóÍøó Ýóíóßõæäõ ÎöØóÇÈðÇ
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Åáóíúßõãú.
(3/219)
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