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 [ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö] [ÝóÕúáñ ÃóäúßóÑó æõÌõæÈó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉ ÌóåúáðÇ Èöåö]
ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäõ ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó: ÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ ãöäú ÇáÒøóßóÇÁö æóÇáäøóãóÇÁö æóÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉöº ÓõãøöíóÊú ÈöÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÊõËúãöÑõ ÇáúãóÇáó æóÊõäóãøöíå. íõÞóÇáõ: ÒóßóÇ ÇáÒøóÑúÚõ¡ ÅÐóÇ ßóËõÑó ÑóíúÚõåõ. æóÒóßøóÊú ÇáäøóÝóÞóÉõ¡ ÅÐóÇ ÈõæÑößó ÝöíåóÇ. æóåöíó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ÍóÞøñ íóÌöÈõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÇáö¡ ÝóÚöäúÏó ÅØúáóÇÞö áóÝúÙöåóÇ Ýöí ãóæóÇÑöÏö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö íóäúÕóÑöÝõ Åáóì Ðóáößó. æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ ÃóÍóÏõ ÃóÑúßóÇäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉö¡ æóåöíó æóÇÌöÈóÉñ ÈößöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÃõãøóÊöåöº ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ¡ ÝóÞóæúáõ Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÂÊõæÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 43] . æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ¡ «ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈóÚóËó ãõÚóÇÐðÇ Åáóì Çáúíóãóäö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÚúáöãúåõãú Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÇÝúÊóÑóÖó Úóáóíúåöãú ÕóÏóÞóÉð ÊõÄúÎóÐõ ãöäú ÃóÛúäöíóÇÆöåöãú¡ ÝóÊõÑóÏøõ Ýöí ÝõÞóÑóÇÆöåöãú» . ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóíúåö.
Ýöí Âíò æóÃóÎúÈóÇÑò Óöæóì åóÐóíúäö ßóËöíÑóÉò. æóÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö Úóáóì æõÌõæÈåóÇ¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - Úóáóì ÞöÊóÇáö ãóÇäöÚöíåóÇ¡ ÝóÑóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóßóÝóÑó ãöäú ßóÝóÑó ãöäú ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ßóíúÝó ÊõÞóÇÊöáõ ÇáäøóÇÓó¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «ÃõãöÑúÊ Ãóäú ÃõÞóÇÊöáó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÍóÊøóì íóÞõæáõæÇ áóÇ Åáóåó ÅáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáóåóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÚóÕóãó ãöäøöí ãóÇáóåõ æóäóÝúÓóåõ ÅáøóÇ ÈöÍóÞøöåö¡ æóÍöÓóÇÈõåõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö¿» ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÇóááøóåö áóÃõÞóÇÊöáóäøó ãóäú ÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉöº ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó ÍóÞøõ ÇáúãóÇáö¡ æóÇóááøóåö áóæú ãóäóÚõæäöí ÚóäóÇÞðÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÄóÏøõæäóåóÇ Åáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóÞóÇÊóáúÊõåõãú Úóáóì ãóäúÚöåóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ÝóæóÇóááøóåö ãóÇ åõæó ÅáøóÇ Ãóäú ÑóÃóíúÊ Çááøóåó ÞóÏú ÔóÑóÍó ÕóÏúÑó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò áöáúÞöÊóÇáö¡ ÝóÚóÑóÝúÊ Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ¡ æóÞóÇáó: " áóæú ãóäóÚõæäöí ÚöÞóÇáðÇ ".
ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò: ÇáúÚöÞóÇáõ¡ ÕóÏóÞóÉõ ÇáúÚóÇãö. ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑõ:
ÓóÚóì ÚöÞóÇáðÇ Ýóáóãú íóÊúÑõßú áóäóÇ ÓóÈóÏðÇ ... ÝóßóíúÝó áóæú ÞóÏú ÓóÚóì ÚóãúÑæ ÚöÞóÇáóíúäö
æóÞöíáó: ßóÇäõæÇ ÅÐóÇ ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÉó ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ãóÚóåóÇ ÚöÞóÇáóåóÇ. æóãöäú ÑóæóÇåõ " ÚóäóÇÞðÇ " ÝóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ÃóÎúÐö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑóÉö ãöäú ÇáÕøöÛóÇÑö.
(1690) ÝóÕúáñ: Ýóãóäú ÃóäúßóÑó æõÌõæÈóåóÇ ÌóåúáðÇ Èöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ãöãøóäú íóÌúåóáõ Ðóáößó ÅãøóÇ áöÍóÏóÇËóÉö ÚóåúÏöåö ÈöÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ Ãóæú áöÃóäøóåõ äóÔóÃó

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[ÝóÕúáõ ãóäúÚö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ãóÚó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö æõÌõæÈöåóÇ]
(1691) ÝóÕúáñ: æóÅöäú ãóäóÚóåóÇ ãõÚúÊóÞöÏðÇ æõÌõæÈóåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏóÑó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ Úóáóì ÃóÎúÐöåóÇ ãöäúåõ¡ ÃóÎóÐóåóÇ æóÚóÒøóÑóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÃúÎõÐú ÒöíóÇÏóÉð ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ Ýöí Þóæúáö ÃóßúËóÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóãóÇáößñ¡ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ¡ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõãú. æóßóÐóáößó Åäøó Ûóáøó ãóÇáóåõ ÝóßóÊóãóåõ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóÃúÎõÐó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÒóßóÇÊóåõ¡ ÝóÙóåóÑó Úóáóíúåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ÑóÇåúæóíúåö æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö: íóÃúÎõÐõåóÇ æóÔóØúÑó ãóÇáöåöº áöãóÇ Ñóæóì ÈóåúÒõ Èúäõ Íóßöíãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÌóÏøöåö¡ Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: «Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóÇÆöãóÉö ÇáúÅöÈöáö¡ Ýöí ßõáøö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÈöäúÊõ áóÈõæäò¡ áóÇ ÊõÝóÑøóÞõ Úóäú ÍöÓóÇÈöåóÇ¡ ãóäú ÃóÚúØóÇåóÇ ãõÄúÊóÌöÑðÇ Ýóáóåõ ÃóÌúÑõåóÇ¡ æóãóäú ÃóÈóÇåóÇ ÝóÅöäøöí ÂÎõÐúåóÇ æóÔóØúÑó ãóÇáöåö¡ ÚóÒúãóÉñ ãöäú ÚóÒóãóÇÊö ÑóÈøöäóÇ¡ áóÇ íóÍöáøõ áöÂáö ãõÍóãøóÏò ãöäúåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ» æóÐõßöÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ áöÃóÍúãóÏó ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí ãóÇ æóÌúåõåõ¿ æóÓõÆöáó Úóäú ÅÓúäóÇÏöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: åõæó ÚöäúÏöí ÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö. ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ Ýöí " ÓõäóäöåöãóÇ ".
æóæóÌúåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ Þóæúáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúãóÇáö ÍóÞøñ Óöæóì ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö» . æóáöÃóäøó ãóäúÚó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ßóÇäó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÈöãóæúÊö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÚó ÊóæóÝøõÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú -¡ Ýóáóãú íóäúÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ Úóäúåõãú ÒöíóÇÏóÉð¡ æóáóÇ ÞóæúáðÇ ÈöÐóáößó. æóÇÎúÊóáóÝó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Ýöí ÇáúÚõÐúÑö Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö. ÝóÞöíáó: ßóÇäó Ýöí ÈóÏúÁö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ÍóíúËõ ßóÇäóÊú ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÇÊõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÇáö¡ Ëõãøó äõÓöÎó ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóíúäóÇåõ.
æóÍóßóì ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÅÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÍóÑúÈöíøö Ãóäøóåõ íõÄúÎóÐõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÓøöäøõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑö ãóÇáöåö¡ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÒöíóÇÏóÉò Ýöí Óöäøò æóáóÇ ÚóÏóÏò¡ áóßöäøó íóäúÊóÞöí ãöäú ÎóíúÑö ãóÇáöåö ãóÇ ÊóÒöíÏõ Èöåö ÕóÏóÞóÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÞöíãóÉö ÈöÞóÏúÑö ÔóØúÑö ÞöíãóÉö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Úóáóíúåö. Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ È " ãóÇ áóåõ " åóÇåõäóÇ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ãóÇáöåö¡ ÝóíõÒóÇÏõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÞöíãóÉö ÈöÞóÏúÑö ÔóØúÑöåö¡ æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ Åäú ßóÇäó ãóÇäöÚõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÎóÇÑöÌðÇ Úóäú ÞóÈúÖóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÞóÇÊóáóåõº áöÃóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÇäöÚöíåóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -: áóæú ãóäóÚõæäöí ÚöÞóÇáðÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÄóÏøõæäóåõ Åáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóÞóÇÊóáúÊåãú Úóáóíúåö. ÝóÅöäú ÙóÝöÑó Èöåö æóÈöãóÇáöåö¡ ÃóÎóÐóåóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÒöíóÇÏóÉò ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóáóãú ÊõÓúÈó ÐõÑøöíøóÊõåõº áöÃóäøó ÇáúÌöäóÇíóÉó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÇäöÚó áóÇ íõÓúÈóì¡ ÝóÐõÑøöíøóÊõåõ Ãóæúáóì. æóÅöäú ÙóÝöÑó Èöåö Ïõæäó ãóÇáöåö¡ ÏóÚóÇåõ Åáóì ÃóÏóÇÆöåóÇ¡ æóÇÓúÊóÊóÇÈóåõ ËóáóÇËðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÊóÇÈó æóÃóÏøóì¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÞõÊöáó¡ æóáóãú íóÍúßõãú ÈößõÝúÑöåö.
æóÚóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ íóßúÝõÑõ ÈöÞöÊóÇáöåö ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÝóÑóæóì Çáúãóíúãõæäöíøõ

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Úóäúåõ: ÅÐóÇ ãóäóÚõæÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó ßóãóÇ ãóäóÚõæÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ áóãú íõæóÑøóËõæÇ¡ æóáóãú íõÕóáøó Úóáóíúåöãú. ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: ãóÇ ÊóÇÑößõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÈöãõÓúáöãò. æóæóÌúåõ Ðóáößó¡ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áóãøóÇ ÞóÇÊóáóåõãú¡ æóÚóÖøóÊúåõãú ÇáúÍóÑúÈõ¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: äõÄóÏøöíåóÇ. ÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÃóÞúÈóáõåóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÔúåóÏõæÇ Ãóäøó ÞóÊúáóÇäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÞóÊúáóÇßõãú Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö. æóáóãú íõäúÞóáú ÅäúßóÇÑõ Ðóáößó Úóäú ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì ßõÝúÑöåöãú.
æóæóÌúåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó æóÛóíúÑóåõ ãöäú ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇãúÊóäóÚõæÇ ãöäú ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö Ýöí ÈóÏúÁö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóáóæú ÇÚúÊóÞóÏõæÇ ßõÝúÑóåõãú áóãóÇ ÊóæóÞøóÝõæÇ Úóäúåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö¡ æóÈóÞöíó ÇáúßõÝúÑõ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáö ÇáäøóÝúíö¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó ÝóÑúÚñ ãöäú ÝõÑõæÚö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ Ýóáóãú íóßúÝõÑú ÊóÇÑößõåõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÊóÑúßöåöº ßóÇáúÍóÌøö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßúÝõÑú ÈöÊóÑúßöåö¡ áóãú íóßúÝõÑú ÈöÇáúÞöÊóÇáö Úóáóíúåö ßóÃóåúáö ÇáúÈóÛúíö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó¡ ÝóíóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäøóåõãú ÌóÍóÏõæÇ æõÌõæÈóåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ äõÞöáó Úóäúåõãú Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÅäøóãóÇ ßõäøóÇ äõÄóÏøöí Åáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -º áöÃóäøó ÕóáóÇÊóåõ Óóßóäñ áóäóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÕóáóÇÉõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÓóßóäðÇ áóäóÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ äõÄóÏøöí Åáóíúåö.
æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ÌóÍóÏõæÇ æõÌõæÈó ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁö Åáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóáöÃóäøó åóÐöåö ÞóÖöíøóÉñ Ýöí Úóíúäò¡ æóáóÇ íóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ ãöäú ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó¡ ÝóíóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó¡ æóíóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäøóåõãú ÌóÍóÏõæÇ æõÌõæÈó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ æóíóÍúÊóãöáõ ÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ Èöåö Ýöí ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ æóíóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó áöÃóäøóåõãú ÇÑúÊóßóÈõæÇ ßóÈóÇÆöÑó¡ æóãóÇÊõæÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóæúÈóÉò¡ ÝóÍõßöãó áóåõãú ÈöÇáäøóÇÑö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Íõßöãó áöÞóÊúáóì ÇáúãõÌóÇåöÏöíäó ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ Åáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÇáúÌóãöíÚö¡ æóáóãú íóÍúßõãú Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÇáÊøóÎúáöíÏö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÇáäøóÇÑö ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöÇáÊøóÎúáöíÏö¡ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøó ÞóæúãðÇ ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöåö íóÏúÎõáõæäó ÇáäøóÇÑó¡ Ëõãøó íõÎúÑöÌõåõãú Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãöäúåóÇ æóíõÏúÎöáõåõãú ÇáúÌóäøóÉó.

[ãóÓúÃóáóÉõ äöÕóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöÈöáö]
(1692) ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ: ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì -: (æóáóíúÓó ÝöíãóÇ Ïõæäó ÎóãúÓò ãöäú ÇáúÅöÈöáö ÓóÇÆöãóÉò ÕóÏóÞóÉñ) . ÈóÏóÃó ÇáúÎöÑóÞöíøö¡ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ -¡ ÈöÐößúÑö ÕóÏóÞóÉö ÇáúÅöÈöáöº áöÃóäøóåóÇ Ãóåóãøõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÇáäøóÚóãö ÞöíãóÉð æóÃóÌúÓóÇãðÇ¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóãúæóÇáö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ ÝóÇáöÇåúÊöãóÇãõ ÈöåóÇ Ãóæúáóì¡ æóæõÌõæÈõ ÒóßóÇÊöåóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚó Úóáóíúåö ÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÕóÍøóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
æóãöäú ÃóÍúÓóäö ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí " ÕóÍöíÍöåö "¡ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúãõËóäøóì ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈöí¡ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ËõãóÇãóÉõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóäóÓñ¡ Ãóäøó ÃóäóÓðÇ ÍóÏøóËóåõ¡ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞó¡ ßóÊóÈó áóåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó¡ áóãøóÇ æóÌøóåó Åáóì ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö: ÈöÓúãö Çááøóåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÑøóÍöíãö. åóÐöåö ÝóÑöíÖóÉõ ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÝóÑóÖó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÇóáøóÊöí ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ ÑóÓõæáóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýóãóäú ÓõÆöáóåóÇ Úóáóì æóÌúåöåóÇ ãöäú ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÝóáúíõÚúØöåóÇ¡ æóãöäú ÓõÆöáó ÝóæúÞóåóÇ ÝóáóÇ íõÚúØö: " Ýöí ÃóÑúÈóÚò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÝóãóÇ ÏõæäóåóÇ ãöäú ÇáúÅöÈöáö Ýöí ßõáøö ÎóãúÓò ÔóÇÉñ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóÊú ÎóãúÓðÇ æóÚöÔúÑöíäó

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Åáóì ÎóãúÓò æóËóáóÇËöíäó¡ ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÈöäúÊõ ãóÎóÇÖò ÃõäúËóì¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóÊú ÓöÊøðÇ æóËóáóÇËöíäó Åáóì ÎóãúÓò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÈöäúÊõ áóÈõæäò ÃõäúËóì¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóÊú ÓöÊøðÇ æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó Åáóì ÓöÊøöíäó¡ ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÍöÞøóÉñ ØóÑõæÞóÉõ ÇáúÌóãóáö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóÊú æóÇÍöÏóÉð æóÓöÊøöíäó Åáóì ÎóãúÓò æóÓóÈúÚöíäó¡ ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÌóÐóÚóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóÊú ÓöÊøðÇ æóÓóÈúÚöíäó Åáóì ÊöÓúÚöíäó¡ ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÇÈúäóÊóÇ áóÈõæäò¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóÊú ÅÍúÏóì æóÊöÓúÚöíäó Åáóì ÚöÔúÑöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò¡ ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÍöÞøóÊóÇäö ØóÑõæÞóÊóÇ ÇáúÝóÍúáö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÒóÇÏóÊú Úóáóì ÚöÔúÑöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò¡ ÝóÝöí ßõáøö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÈöäúÊõ áóÈõæäò¡ æóÝöí ßõáøö ÎóãúÓöíäó ÍöÞøóÉñ¡ æóãóäú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÚóåõ ÅáøóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚñ ãöäú ÇáúÅöÈöáö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÕóÏóÞóÉñ ÅáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÔóÇÁó ÑóÈøõåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóÊú ÎóãúÓðÇ ãöäú ÇáúÅöÈöáö¡ ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÔóÇÉñ ". æóÐößúÑõ ÊóãóÇãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö äóÐúßõÑõåõ Åäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÃóÈúæóÇÈöåö¡ æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ¡ Ýöí " Óõäóäöåö "¡ æóÒóÇÏó: " æóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóÊú ÎóãúÓðÇ æóÚöÔúÑöíäó¡ ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÈöäúÊõ ãóÎóÇÖò¡ Åáóì Ãóäú ÊóÈúáõÛó ÎóãúÓðÇ æóËóáóÇËöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÝöíåóÇ ÇÈúäóÉõ ãóÎóÇÖò¡ ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÇÈúäõ áóÈõæäò ÐóßóÑñ ". æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøå ãõÌúãóÚñ Úóáóíúåö Åáóì Ãóäú íóÈúáõÛó ÚöÔúÑöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉð¡ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö. ÞóÇáó: æóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÎóãúÓò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó. íóÚúäöí ãóÇ Íõßöíó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÎóãúÓò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÎóãúÓõ ÔöíóÇåò. æóÞóæúáõ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -: ÇáøóÊöí ÝóÑóÖó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. íóÚúäöí ÞóÏøóÑó¡ æóÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ íõÓóãøóì ÝóÑúÖðÇ¡ æóãöäúåõ ÝóÑóÖó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ áöáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÝóÑúÖðÇ. æóÞóæúáõåõ: æóãöäú ÓõÆöáó ÝóæúÞóåóÇ ÝóáóÇ íõÚúØö. íóÚúäöí áóÇ íõÚúØöí ÝóæúÞó ÇáúÝóÑúÖö. æóÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóÇ Ïõæäó ÎóãúÓò ãöäú ÇáúÅöÈöáö áóÇ ÒóßóÇÉó Ýöíåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: «æóãóäú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÚóåõ ÅáøóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚñ ãöäú ÇáúÅöÈöáö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Úóáóíúåö ÝöíåóÇ ÕóÏóÞóÉñ ÅáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÔóÇÁó ÑóÈøõåóÇ» . æóÞóÇáó: «áóíúÓó ÝöíãóÇ Ïõæäó ÎóãúÓö ÐóæúÏò ÕóÏóÞóÉñ» . ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóíúåö.
æóÇáÓøóÇÆöãóÉõ: ÇáÑøóÇÚöíóÉõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÓóÇãóÊú ÊóÓõæãõ ÓóæúãðÇ: ÅÐóÇ ÑóÚóÊú¡ æóÃóÓúãóÊúåóÇ ÅÐóÇ ÑóÚóíúÊåóÇ¡ æóÓóæøóãúÊåóÇ: ÅÐóÇ ÌóÚóáúÊåóÇ ÓóÇÆöãóÉð¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõ Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãöäúåõ ÔóÌóÑñ Ýöíåö ÊõÓöíãõæäó} [ÇáäÍá: 10] Ãóíú ÊóÑúÚóæúäó. æóÝöí ÐößúÑö ÇáÓøóÇÆöãóÉö ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ ãöäú ÇáúãóÚúáõæÝóÉö æóÇáúÚóæóÇãöáöº ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ÒóßóÇÉó ÝöíåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÃóßúËóÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö. æóÍõßöíó Úóäú ãóÇáößò Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÈöáö ÇáäøóæóÇÖöÍö æóÇáúãóÚúáõæÝóÉö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉóº áöÚõãõæãö Þóæúáöåö - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -: «Ýöí ßõáøö ÎóãúÓö ÔöíóÇåò» .
ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÚóæóÇãöáö ÒóßóÇÉñ¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö íóÑóæúäó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó¡ æóáóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóåõãú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÃóÕúáñ. æóáóäóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóÇÆöãóÉò Ýöí ßõáøö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÈöäúÊõ áóÈõæäò» . Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÈóåúÒö Èúäö Íóßöíãò¡ ÝóÞóíøóÏóåõ ÈöÇáÓøóÇÆöãóÉö¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÒóßóÇÉó Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóÍóÏöíËõåõãú ãõØúáóÞñ¡ ÝóíõÍúãóáõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÞóíøóÏö¡ æóáöÃóäøó æóÕúÝó ÇáäøóãóÇÁö ãõÚúÊóÈóÑñ Ýöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ æóÇáúãóÚúáõæÝóÉõ íóÓúÊóÛúÑöÞõ ÚóáúÝõåóÇ äóãóÇÁóåóÇ¡ ÅáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÚöÏøóåóÇ áöáÊøöÌóÇÑóÉö¡ Ýóíóßõæäó

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ÝöíåóÇ ÒóßóÇÉõ ÇáÊøöÌóÇÑóÉö.
(1693) ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ: ÞóÇáó: (ÝóÅöÐóÇ ãóáóßó ÎóãúÓðÇ ãöäú ÇáúÅöÈöáö¡ ÝóÃóÓóÇãóåóÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáÓøóäóÉö¡ ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÔóÇÉñ¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÚóÔúÑö ÔóÇÊóÇäö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÎóãúÓó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ËóáóÇËõ ÔöíóÇåò¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÚöÔúÑöíäó ÃóÑúÈóÚõ ÔöíóÇåò) æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãõÌúãóÚñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóËóÇÈöÊñ ÈöÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöãóÇ ÑóæóíúäóÇåõ æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÅáøóÇ Þóæúáóåõ: " ÝóÃóÓóÇãóåóÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáÓøóäóÉö ".
ÝóÅöäøó ãóÐúåóÈó ÅãóÇãöäóÇ æóãóÐúåóÈó ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÓóÇÆöãóÉð ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáÓøóäóÉö ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ: Åäú áóãú Êóßõäú ÓóÇÆöãóÉð Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÍóæúáö ÝóáóÇ ÒóßóÇÉó ÝöíåóǺ áöÃóäøó ÇáÓøóæúãó ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ ÝóÇÚúÊõÈöÑó Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÍóæúáö¡ ßóÇáúãöáúßö æóßóãóÇáö ÇáäøöÕóÇÈö¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóáúÝó íõÓúÞöØõ æóÇáÓøóæúãó íõæÌöÈõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚóÇ ÛóáóÈó ÇáúÅöÓúÞóÇØõ¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ãóáóßó äöÕóÇÈðÇ ÈóÚúÖõåõ ÓóÇÆöãóÉñ æóÈóÚúÖõåõ ãóÚúáõæÝóÉñ.
æóáóäóÇ Úõãõæãõ ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö Ýöí äõÕõÈö ÇáúãóÇÔöíóÉö¡ æóÇÓúãõ ÇáÓøóæúãö áóÇ íóÒõæáõ ÈöÇáúÚóáúÝö ÇáúíóÓöíÑö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ÏõÎõæáóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ æóáöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ÍóÞøóåõ áóáúãõÄúäóÉõ¡ ÝóÃóÔúÈóåóÊú ÇáÓøóÇÆöãóÉó Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÍóæúáö¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóáúÝó ÇáúíóÓöíÑó áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáÊøóÍóÑøõÒõ ãöäúåõ ÝóÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑõåõ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÍóæúáö íõÓúÞöØõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ãóäú íóÓõæÛõ áóåõ ÇáúÝöÑóÇÑõ ãöäú ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅÐóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÅÓúÞóÇØó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÚóáóÝóåóÇ íóæúãðÇ ÝóÃóÓúÞóØóåóÇ¡ æóáöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ æóÕúÝñ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑñ Ýöí ÑóÝúÚö ÇáúßõáúÝóÉö ÝóÇÚúÊõÈöÑó Ýöíåö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ¡ ßóÇáÓøóÞúíö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ ßõáúÝóÉó Ýöí ÇáÒøóÑúÚö æóÇáËøöãóÇÑö.
æóÞóæúáõåõãú " ÇáÓøóæúãõ ÔóÑúØñ " íóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäú íóãúäóÚó. æóäóÞõæáõ: Èóáú ÇáúÚóáúÝõ ÅÐóÇ æõÌöÏó Ýöí äöÕúÝö ÇáúÍóæúáö ÝóãóÇ ÒóÇÏó ãóÇäöÚñ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóÞúíó ÈößõáúÝóÉö ãóÇäöÚñ ãöäú æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚõÔúÑö¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÇäöÚðÇ ÍóÊøóì íõæÌóÏó Ýöí ÇáäøöÕúÝö ÝóÕóÇÚöÏðÇ¡ ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÊöäóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ßóæúäóåõ ÔóÑúØðÇ ÝóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÔóÑúØõ æõÌõæÏöåö Ýöí ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÍóæúáö¡ ßóÇáÓøóÞúíö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ ßõáúÝóÉó Ýöíåö ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚõÔúÑö¡ æóíõßúÊóÝóì ÈöæõÌõæÏöåö Ýöí ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö¡ æóíõÝóÇÑöÞõ ãóÇ ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøöÕóÇÈö ãóÚúáõæÝñº áöÃóäøó ÇáäøöÕóÇÈó ÓóÈóÈñ áöáúæõÌõæÈö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú æõÌõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúØö Ýöí ÌóãöíÚöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóæúáõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÔóÑúØõ ÇáúæõÌõæÈö¡ ÝóÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íõÚúÊóÈóÑó ÇáÔøóÑúØõ Ýöí ÃóßúËóÑöåö.

(1694) ÝóÕúáñ: æóáóÇ íõÌúÒöÆõ Ýöí ÇáúÛóäóãö ÇáúãõÎúÑóÌóÉö Ýöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÅáøóÇ ÇáúÌóÐóÚõ ãöäú ÇáÖøóÃúäö¡ æóÇáËøóäöíøõ ãöäú ÇáúãóÚúÒö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÔóÇÉõ ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö¡ æóÃóíøóåõãóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌó ÃóÌúÒóÃóåõ. æóáóÇ íõÚúÊóÈóÑõ ßóæúäõåóÇ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö Ûóäóãöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÌöäúÓö Ûóäóãö ÇáúÈóáóÏöº áöÃóäøó ÇáÔøóÇÉó ãõØúáóÞóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáøóÐöí ËóÈóÊó Èöåö æõÌõæÈõåóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ûóäóãõåõ æóáóÇ Ûóäóãõ ÇáúÈóáóÏö ÓóÈóÈðÇ áöæõÌõæÈöåóÇ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÊóÞóíøóÏú ÈöÐóáößó¡ ßóÇáÔøóÇÉö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÝöÏúíóÉö¡ æóÊóßõæäõ ÃõäúËóì¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃóÎúÑóÌó ÐóßóÑðÇ áóãú íõÌúÒöÆúåõº áöÃóäøó ÇáúÛóäóãó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉó Ýöí äõÕõÈöåóÇ ÅäóÇËñ¡ æóíóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäú íõÌúÒöÆóåõº áöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóØúáóÞó áóÝúÙó ÇáÔøóÇÉö¡ ÝóÏóÎúáõ Ýöíåö ÇáÐøóßóÑõ æóÇáúÃõäúËóì¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáÔøóÇÉó ÅÐóÇ ÊóÚóáøóÞóÊú ÈöÇáÐøöãøóÉö

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Ïõæäó ÇáúÚóíúäö ÃóÌúÒóÃó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÐøóßóÑõ ßóÇáúÃõÖúÍöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ Ûóäóãñ áóÒöãóåõ ÔöÑóÇÁõ ÔóÇÉò. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: íõÎúÑöÌõ ÚóÔóÑóÉó ÏóÑóÇåöãó¡ ÞöíóÇÓðÇ Úóáóì ÔóÇÉö ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö.
æóáóäóÇ¡ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - äóÕøó Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÇÉö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöäóÕøöåö¡ æóáöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ÅÎúÑóÇÌõ ÞöíãóÉò Ýóáóãú íóÌõÒú¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÇáÔøóÇÉõ æóÇÌöÈóÉð Ýöí äöÕóÇÈöåóÇ¡ æóÔóÇÉõ ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö ãõÎúÊóÕøóÉñ ÈöÇáúÈóÏóáö ÈöÚóÔóÑóÉö ÏóÑóÇåöãó¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö ÃóäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ ÈóÏóáðÇ Úóäú ÇáÔøóÇÉö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉö Ýöí ÓóÇÆöãóÉö ÇáúÛóäóãö.

[ÝóÕúáõ ÃóÎúÑóÌó Úóäú ÇáÔøóÇÉö ÈóÚöíÑðÇ]
(1695) ÝóÕúá: ÝóÅöäú ÃóÎúÑóÌó Úóäú ÇáÔøóÇÉö ÈóÚöíÑðÇ áóãú íõÌúÒöÆúåõ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäóÊú ÞöíãóÊõåõ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÞöíãóÉö ÇáÔøóÇÉö Ãóæú áóãú íóßõäú¡ æóÍõßöíó Ðóáößó Úóäú ãóÇáößò æóÏóÇæõÏ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ¡ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÃúíö: íõÌúÒöÆõåõ ÇáúÈóÚöíÑõ Úóäú ÇáúÚöÔúÑöíäó ÝóãóÇ ÏõæäóåóÇ. æóíóÊóÎóÑøóÌõ áóäóÇ ãöËúáõ Ðóáößó ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÎúÑóÌõ ãöãøóÇ íõÌúÒöÆõ Úóäú ÎóãúÓò æóÚöÔúÑöíäóº áöÃóäøóåõ íõÌúÒöÆõ Úóäú ÎóãúÓò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó¡ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó ÏóÇÎöáóÉñ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóáöÃóäøó ãóÇ ÃóÌúÒóÃó Úóäú ÇáúßóËöíÑö ÃóÌúÒóÃó ÚóãøóÇ Ïõæäóåõ¡ ßóÇÈúäóÊóíú áóÈõæäò ÚóãøóÇ Ïõæäó ÓöÊøóÉò æóÓóÈúÚöíäó. æóáóäóÇ¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÎúÑóÌó ÛóíúÑó ÇáúãóäúÕõæÕö Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÌöäúÓöåö¡ Ýóáóãú íõÌúÒöåö¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÃóÎúÑóÌó ÈóÚöíÑðÇ Úóäú ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÔóÇÉð¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÕøó æóÑóÏó ÈöÇáÔøóÇÉö¡ Ýóáóãú íõÌúÒöÆ ÇáúÈóÚöíÑõ ßóÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ Ãóæú ßóÔóÇÉö ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö¡ æóáöÃóäøóåóÇ ÝóÑöíÖóÉñ æóÌóÈóÊú ÝöíåóÇ ÔóÇÉñ Ýóáóãú íõÌúÒöÆú ÚóäúåóÇ ÇáúÈóÚöíÑõ¡ ßóäöÕóÇÈö ÇáúÛóäóãö¡ æóíõÝóÇÑöÞõ ÇÈúäóÊóíú áóÈõæäò Úóäú ÇáúÌóÐóÚóÉöº áöÃóäøóåóÇ ãöäú ÇáúÌöäúÓö.

[ÝóÕúáõ Êóßõæäõ ÇáÔøóÇÉõ ÇáúãõÎúÑóÌóÉõ ßóÍóÇáö ÇáúÅöÈöáö Ýöí ÇáúÌóæúÏóÉö æóÇáÑøóÏóÇÁóÉö]
(1696) ÝóÕúáñ: æóÊóßõæäõ ÇáÔøóÇÉõ ÇáúãõÎúÑóÌóÉõ ßóÍóÇáö ÇáúÅöÈöáö Ýöí ÇáúÌóæúÏóÉö æóÇáÑøóÏóÇÁóÉö¡ ÝóíõÎúÑöÌõ Úóäú ÇáúÅöÈöáö ÇáÓøöãóÇäö ÓóãöíäóÉð¡ æóÚóäú ÇáúåõÒóÇáö åóÒöíáóÉð¡ æóÚóäú ÇáúßóÑóÇÆöãö ßóÑöíãóÉð¡ æóÚóäú ÇááøöÆóÇãö áóÆöíãóÉð¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãöÑóÇÖðÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌó ÔóÇÉð ÕóÍöíÍóÉð Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑö ÇáúãóÇáö¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÇáúÅöÈöáõ ÕöÍóÇÍðÇ ßóãú ßóÇäóÊú ÞöíãóÊõåóÇ æóÞöíãóÉõ ÇáÔøóÇÉö¿ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÞöíãóÉõ ÇáúÅöÈöáö ãöÇÆóÉñ æóÞöíãóÉõ ÇáÔøóÇÉö ÎóãúÓóÉñ¡ ÝóíóäúÞõÕõ ãöäú ÞöíãóÊöåóÇ ÞóÏúÑõ ãóÇ äóÞóÕóÊú ÇáúÅöÈöáõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ äóÞóÕóÊú ÇáúÅöÈöáõ ÎõãúÓó ÞöíãóÊöåóÇ æóÌóÈó ÔóÇÉñ ÞöíãóÊõåóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ. æóÞöíáó: ÊõÌúÒöÆõåõ ÔóÇÉñ ÊõÌúÒöÆõ Ýöí ÇáúÃõÖúÍöíøóÉö¡ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö äóÙóÑò Åáóì ÇáúÞöíãóÉö.
æóÚóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö áóÇ ÊõÌúÒöÆõåõ ãóÑöíÖóÉñº áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÎúÑóÌó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÌöäúÓöåóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõåõ ãöÑóÇÖðÇ¡ ÝóíõäóÒøóáõ ãóäúÒöáóÉó ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö¡ æóÇáúãöÑóÇÖõ áóÇ ÊõÌúÒöÆõ Ýöíåö ÅáøóÇ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉõ.

[ãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÕóÇÑóÊú ÎóãúÓðÇ æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÈöäúÊõ ãóÎóÇÖò Åáóì ÎóãúÓò æóËóáóÇËöíäó]
(1697) ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ: (ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÕóÇÑóÊú ÎóãúÓðÇ æóÚöÔúÑöíäó¡ ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÈöäúÊõ ãóÎóÇÖò¡ Åáóì ÎóãúÓò æóËóáóÇËöíäó) ¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÝöíåóÇ ÈöäúÊõ ãóÎóÇÖò æóÇÈúäõ áóÈõæäò ÐóßóÑñ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóÊú ÓöÊøðÇ æóËóáóÇËöíäó ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÇÈúäóÉõ áóÈõæäò Åáóì ÎóãúÓò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóÊú ÓöÊøðÇ æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÍöÞøóÉñ ØóÑõæÞóÉõ ÇáúÝóÍúáö¡ Åáóì ÓöÊøöíäó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóÊú ÅÍúÏóì

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æóÓöÊøöíäó ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÌóÐóÚóÉñ Åáóì ÎóãúÓò æóÓóÈúÚöíäó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóÊú ÓöÊøðÇ æóÓóÈúÚöíäó ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÇÈúäóÊóÇ áóÈõæäò Åáóì ÊöÓúÚöíäó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóÊú ÅÍúÏóì æóÊöÓúÚöíäó ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÍöÞøóÊóÇäö ØóÑõæÞóÊóÇ ÇáúÝóÍúáö Åáóì ÚöÔúÑöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò.
æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãõÌúãóÚñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóíúäóÇåõ ãõÊóäóÇæöáñ áóåõ. æóÇÈúäóÉõ ÇáúãóÎóÇÖö: ÇáøóÊöí áóåóÇ ÓóäóÉñ æóÞóÏú ÏóÎóáóÊú Ýöí ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö¡ ÓõãøöíóÊú ÈöÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÃõãøóåóÇ ÞóÏú ÍóãóáóÊú ÛóíúÑóåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãóÇÎöÖõ ÇáúÍóÇãöáõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóæúäõ ÃõãøöåóÇ ãóÇÎöÖðÇ ÔóÑúØðÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÊóÚúÑöíÝðÇ áóåóÇ ÈöÛóÇáöÈö ÍóÇáöåóÇ¡ ßóÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö ÇáÑøóÈöíÈóÉó ÈöÇáúÍöÌúÑö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÈöäúÊõ áóÈõæäò æóÈöäúÊõ ÇáúãóÎóÇÖö ÃóÏúäóì Óöäøò íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ ÅáøóÇ Ýöí ÎóãúÓò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó Åáóì ÎóãúÓò æóËóáóÇËöíäó ÎóÇÕøóÉð.
æóÈöäúÊõ ÇááøóÈõæäö: ÇáøóÊöí ÊóãøóÊú áóåóÇ ÓóäóÊóÇäö æóÏóÎóáóÊú Ýöí ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö¡ ÓõãøöíóÊú ÈöÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÃõãøóåóÇ ÞóÏú æóÖóÚóÊú ÍóãúáóåóÇ æóáóåóÇ áóÈóäñ.
æóÇáúÍöÞøóÉõ: ÇáøóÊöí áóåóÇ ËóáóÇËõ Óöäöíäó æóÏóÎóáóÊú Ýöí ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉöº áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÏú ÇÓúÊóÍóÞøóÊú Ãóäú íóØúÑõÞóåóÇ ÇáúÝóÍúáõ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: ØóÑõæÞóÉõ ÇáúÝóÍúáö. æóÇÓúÊóÍóÞøóÊú Ãóäú íõÍúãóáó ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóÊõÑúßóÈó. æóÇáúÌóÐóÚóÉõ: ÇáøóÊöí áóåóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚõ Óöäöíäó æóÏóÎóáóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉö¡ æóÞöíáó áóåóÇ Ðóáößó áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÌúÐóÚõ ÅÐóÇ ÓóÞóØóÊú ÓöäøõåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ÃóÚúáóì Óöäøò ÊóÌöÈõ Ýöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ ÅáøóÇ Ýöí ÅÍúÏóì æóÓöÊøöíäó Åáóì ÎóãúÓò æóÓóÈúÚöíäó.
æóÅöäú ÑóÖöíó ÑóÈøõ ÇáúãóÇáö Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌó ãóßóÇäóåóÇ ËóäöíøóÉð ÌóÇÒó¡ æóåöíó ÇáøóÊöí áóåóÇ ÎóãúÓõ Óöäöíäó æóÏóÎóáóÊú Ýöí ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉö¡ æóÓõãøöíóÊú ËóäöíøóÉð¡ áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÏú ÃóáúÞóÊú ËóäöíøóÊóíúåóÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúäóÇäö ÐóßóÑóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò æóÍóßóÇåõ Úóäú ÇáúÃóÕúãóÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÒóíúÏò ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÒöíóÇÏò ÇáúßöáóÇÈöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÎöÑóÞöíøö: " ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÇÈúäóÉõ ãóÎóÇÖò " ÃóÑóÇÏó Åäú áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÅÈöáöåö ÇÈúäóÉõ ãóÎóÇÖò ÃóÌúÒóÃóåõ ÇÈúäõ áóÈõæäò¡ æóáóÇ íõÌúÒöÆõåõ ãóÚó æõÌõæÏö ÇÈúäóÉö ãóÎóÇÖòº áöÞóæúáöåö - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -: «ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÝöíåóÇ ÇÈúäóÉõ ãóÎóÇÖò ÝóÇÈúäõ áóÈõæäò ÐóßóÑñ» .
Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóíúäóÇåõ ÔóÑóØó Ýöí ÅÎúÑóÇÌöåö ÚóÏóãóåóÇ. ÝóÅöäú ÇÔúÊóÑóÇåóÇ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåóÇ ÌóÇÒó¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÅÎúÑóÇÌó ÇÈúäö áóÈõæäò ÈóÚúÏó ÔöÑóÇÆöåóÇ áóãú ÊóÌõÒúº áöÃóäøóåõ ÕóÇÑó Ýöí ÅÈöáöåö ÈöäúÊõ ãóÎóÇÖò¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÅÈöáöåö ÇÈúäõ áóÈõæäò¡ æóÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáÔøöÑóÇÁó¡ áóÒöãóåõ ÔöÑóÇÁõ ÈöäúÊö ãóÎóÇÖò. æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ãóÇáößò. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ: íõÌúÒöÆúåõ ÔöÑóÇÁõ ÇÈúäö áóÈõæäòº áöÙóÇåöÑö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóÚõãõæãöåö.

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æóáóäóÇ¡ ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÇÓúÊóæóíóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóãö¡ ÝóáóÒöãóÊúåõ ÇÈúäóÉõ ãóÎóÇÖò¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÇÓúÊóæóíóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÍúãõæáñ Úóáóì æõÌõæÏöåöº áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó áöáÑøöÝúÞö Èöåö¡ ÅÛúäóÇÁð áóåõ Úóäú ÇáÔøöÑóÇÁö¡ æóãóÚó ÚóÏóãöåö áóÇ íóÓúÊóÛúäöí Úóäú ÇáÔøöÑóÇÁö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÔöÑóÇÁõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö Ãóæúáóì. Úóáóì Ãóäøó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: " Ýóãóäú áóãú íóßõäú ÚöäúÏóåõ ÇÈúäóÉõ ãóÎóÇÖò Úóáóì æóÌúåöåóÇ¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõ ÇÈúäõ áóÈõæäò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ãóÚóåõ ÔóíúÁñ ".
ÝóÔóÑóØó Ýöí ÞóÈõæáöåö æõÌõæÏóåõ æóÚóÏóãóåóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö: " æóãóäú ÈóáóÛóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ ÕóÏóÞóÉõ ÈöäúÊö ãóÎóÇÖò¡ æóáóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÅáøóÇ ÇÈúäõ áóÈõæäò ". æóåóÐóÇ íóÝúÓõÏõ ÈöÊóÚóíøõäö Íóãúáö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÌöÏú ÅáøóÇ ÇÈúäóÉó ãóÎóÇÖò ãõÚóíøóäóÉð¡ Ýóáóåõ ÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇáõ Åáóì ÇÈúäö áóÈõæäòº áöÞóæúáöåö Ýöí ÇáúÎóÈóÑö: " ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÚöäúÏóåõ ÈöäúÊõ ãóÎóÇÖò¡ Úóáóì æóÌúåöåóÇ " æóáöÃóäøó æõÌõæÏóåóÇ ßóÚóÏóãöåóÇ¡ áößóæúäöåóÇ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÅÎúÑóÇÌõåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÔúÈóåó ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÌöÏõ ÅáøóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúæõÖõæÁõ Èöåö Ýöí ÇäúÊöÞóÇáöåö Åáóì ÇáÊøóíóãøõãö.
æóÅöäú æóÌóÏó ÇÈúäóÉó ãóÎóÇÖò ÃóÚúáóì ãöäú ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ áóãú íõÌúÒöåö ÇÈúäõ áóÈõæäòº áöæõÌõæÏö ÈöäúÊö ãóÎóÇÖò Úóáóì æóÌúåöåóÇ¡ æóíõÎóíøóÑõ Èóíúä ÅÎúÑóÇÌöåóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÔöÑóÇÁö ÈöäúÊö ãóÎóÇÖò Úóáóì ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ æóáóÇ íõÎóíøóÑõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÐøõßõæÑöíøóÉö ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉö Óöäøò Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö¡ æóáóÇ íõÌúÒöÆõåõ Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌó Úóäú ÇÈúäö áóÈõæäò ÍöÞøðÇ¡ æóáóÇ Úóäú ÇáúÍöÞøóÉö ÌóÐóÚðÇ¡ áöÚóÏóãöåöãóÇ æóáóÇ æõÌõæÏöåöãóÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÞöíáò: íóÌõæÒõ Ðóáößó ãóÚó ÚóÏóãöåöãóǺ áöÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÃóÚúáóì æóÃóÝúÖóáõ¡ ÝóíóËúÈõÊõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÝöíåöãóÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåö. æóáóäóÇ¡ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ äóÕøó ÝöíåöãóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÞöíóÇÓõåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÇÈúäö áóÈõæäò ãóßóÇäó ÈöäúÊö ãóÎóÇÖòº áöÃóäøó ÒöíóÇÏóÉó Óöäøö ÇÈúäö áóÈõæäò Úóáóì ÈöäúÊö ãóÎóÇÖò íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÕöÛóÇÑö ÇáÓøöÈóÇÚö¡ æóíóÑúÚóì ÇáÔøóÌóÑó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóíóÑöÏõ ÇáúãóÇÁó¡ æóáóÇ íõæÌóÏõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍöÞøö ãóÚó ÈöäúÊö áóÈõæäò¡ áöÃóäøóåõãóÇ íóÔúÊóÑößóÇäö Ýöí åóÐóÇ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÅáøóÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇáÓøöäøö Ýóáóãú íõÞóÇÈóáú ÅáøóÇ ÈöÊóæúÌöíåò.
æóÞóæúáõåõãóÇ: Åäøóåõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ËõÈõæÊö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÝöíåöãóÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåö. ÞõáúäóÇ: Èóáú íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÝöíåöãóÇ ÈöÏóáöíáö ÎöØóÇÈöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÊóÎúÕöíÕóåõ ÈöÇáÐøößúÑö ÏõæäóåõãóÇ Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåö ÈöÇáúÍõßúãö ÏõæäóåõãóÇ.

[ÝóÕúáõ ÃóÎúÑóÌó Úóäú ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÓöäøðÇ ÃóÚúáóì ãöäú ÌöäúÓöåö]
(1698) ÝóÕúáñ: æóÅöäú ÃóÎúÑóÌó Úóäú ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÓöäøðÇ ÃóÚúáóì ãöäú ÌöäúÓöåö¡ ãöËúáõ Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌó ÈöäúÊó áóÈõæäò Úóäú ÈöäúÊö ãóÎóÇÖò¡ æóÍöÞøóÉð Úóäú ÈöäúÊö áóÈõæäò Ãóæú ÈöäúÊö ãóÎóÇÖò¡ Ãóæú ÃóÎúÑóÌó Úóäú ÇáúÌóÐóÚóÉö ÇÈúäóÊóíú áóÈõæäò Ãóæú ÍöÞøóÊóíúäö¡ ÌóÇÒó. áóÇ äóÚúáóãõ Ýöíåö ÎöáóÇÝðǺ áöÃóäøóåõ ÒóÇÏó Úóáóì ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ãöäú ÌöäúÓöåö ãóÇ íõÌúÒöÆõ Úóäúåõ ãóÚó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãõÌúÒöíðÇ Úóäúåõ Úóáóì ÇäúÝöÑóÇÏöåö¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÏö.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí " ãõÓúäóÏöåö "¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ¡ Ýöí " Óõäóäöåö "¡ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåöãóÇ Úóäú ÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò ÞóÇáó: «ÈóÚóËóäöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãõÕóÏøöÞðÇ¡ ÝóãóÑóÑúÊ ÈöÑóÌõáò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóãóÚó áöí ãóÇáóåõ áóãú ÃóÌöÏú Úóáóíúåö Ýöíåö ÅáøóÇ ÈöäúÊó

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ãóÎóÇÖò. ÝóÞõáúÊ áóåõ: ÃóÏøö ÈöäúÊó ãóÎóÇÖò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÕóÏóÞóÊõß. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÐóÇßó ãóÇ áóÇ áóÈóäó Ýöíåö æóáóÇ ÙóåúÑó¡ æóáóßöäú åóÐöåö äóÇÞóÉñ ÝóÊöíøóÉñ ÚóÙöíãóÉñ ÓóãöíäóÉñ¡ ÝóÎõÐúåóÇ. ÝóÞõáúÊ: ãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÈöÂÎöÐö ãóÇ áóãú ÃõÄúãóÑú Èöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóå - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäúß ÞóÑöíÈñ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃóÍúÈóÈúÊ Ãóäú ÊóÃúÊöíóåõ ÝóÊóÚúÑöÖó Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ ÚóÑóÖúÊ Úóáóíøó ÝóÇÝúÚóáú¡ ÝóÅöäú ÞóÈöáóåõ ãöäúß ÞóÈöáúÊå¡ æóÅöäú ÑóÏøóåõ Úóáóíúß ÑóÏóÏúÊå. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöäøöí ÝóÇÚöáñ. ÝóÎóÑóÌó ãóÚöí æóÎóÑóÌó ÈöÇáäøóÇÞóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÚóÑóÖó Úóáóíøó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÏöãúäóÇ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóå - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: íóÇ äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö¡ ÃóÊóÇäöí ÑóÓõæáõß áöíóÃúÎõÐó ãöäøöí ÕóÏóÞóÉó ãóÇáöí¡ æóÃóíúãõ Çááøóåö¡ ãóÇ ÞóÇãó Ýöí ãóÇáöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö æóáóÇ ÑóÓõæáõåõ ÞóØøõ ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ ÝóÌóãóÚúÊ áóåõ ãóÇáöí¡ ÝóÒóÚóãó Ãóäøó ãóÇ Úóáóíøó Ýöíåö ÈöäúÊõ ãóÎóÇÖò¡ æóÐóÇßó ãóÇ áóÇ áóÈóäó Ýöíåö æóáóÇ ÙóåúÑó¡ æóÞóÏú ÚóÑóÖúÊ Úóáóíúåö äóÇÞóÉð ÝóÊöíøóÉð ÓóãöíäóÉð ÚóÙöíãóÉð áöíóÃúÎõÐóåóÇ ÝóÃóÈóì¡ æóåóÇ åöíó Ðöåö¡ ÞóÏú ÌöÆúÊõß ÈöåóÇ íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÎõÐúåóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ÐóÇßó ÇáøóÐöí æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúß¡ ÝóÅöäú ÊóØóæøóÚúÊ ÈöÎóíúÑò ÃóÌúÒóáó Çááøóåõ Ýöíåö¡ æóÞóÈöáúäóÇåõ ãöäúß. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÝóåóÇ åöíó Ðöåö íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÞóÏú ÌöÆúÊõß ÈöåóÇ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóãóÑó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÞóÈúÖöåóÇ¡ æóÏóÚóÇ áóåõ Ýöí ãóÇáöåö ÈöÇáúÈóÑóßóÉö.» æóåóßóÐóÇ ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÅÐóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌó ÃóÚúáóì ãöäú ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Ýöí ÇáÕøöÝóÉö ãöËúáõ Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌó ÇáÓøóãöíäóÉó ãóßóÇäó ÇáúåóÒöíáóÉö¡ æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉó ãóßóÇäó ÇáúãóÑöíÖóÉö¡ æóÇáúßóÑöíãóÉó ãóßóÇäö ÇááøóÆöíãóÉö¡ æóÇáúÍóÇãöáó Úóäú ÇáúÍóæóÇÆöáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåõ æóÊõÌúÒöÆõåõ¡ æóáóåõ ÃóÌúÑõ ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö.

[ÝóÕúáõ íõÎúÑöÌõ Úóäú ãóÇÔöíóÊöåö ãöäú ÌöäúÓöåóÇ Úóáóì ÕöÝóÊöåóÇ]
(1699) ÝóÕúáñ: æóíõÎúÑöÌõ Úóäú ãóÇÔöíóÊöåö ãöäú ÌöäúÓöåóÇ Úóáóì ÕöÝóÊöåóÇ¡ ÝóíõÎúÑöÌõ Úóäú ÇáúÈóÎóÇÊöíøö ÈõÎúÊöíøóÉð¡ æóÚóäú ÇáúÚöÑóÇÈö ÚóÑóÈöíøóÉð¡ æóÚóäú ÇáúßöÑóÇãö ßóÑöíãóÉð¡ æóÚóäú ÇáÓøöãóÇäö ÓóãöíäóÉð¡ æóÚóäú ÇááøöÆóÇãö æóÇáúåõÒóÇáö áóÆöíãóÉð åóÒöíáóÉð. ÝóÅöäú ÃóÎúÑóÌó Úóäú ÇáúÈóÎóÇÊöíøö ÚóÑóÈöíøóÉð ÈöÞöíãóÉö ÇáúÈõÎúÊöíøóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÃóÎúÑóÌó Úóäú ÇáÓøöãóÇäö åóÒöíáóÉð ÈöÞöíãóÉö ÇáÓøóãöíäóÉö¡ ÌóÇÒóº áöÃóäøó ÇáúÞöíãóÉó ãóÚó ÇÊøöÍóÇÏö ÇáúÌöäúÓö åöíó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ. ÃóÌóÇÒó åóÐóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÍõßöíó Úóäú ÇáúÞóÇÖöí æóÌúåñ ÂÎóÑõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõº áöÃóäøó Ýöíåö ÊóÝúæöíÊó ÕöÝóÉò ãóÞúÕõæÏóÉò¡ Ýóáóãú íóÌõÒú¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÃóÎúÑóÌó ãöäú ÌöäúÓò ÂÎóÑó.
æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõº áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ¡ æóÝóÇÑóÞó ÎöáóÇÝó ÇáúÌöäúÓö. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÌöäúÓó ãóÑúÚöíøñ Ýöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóæú ÃóÎúÑóÌó ÇáúÈóÚöíÑó Úóäú ÇáÔøóÇÉö áóãú íóÌõÒú¡ æóãóÚó ÇáúÌöäúÓö íóÌõæÒõ ÅÎúÑóÇÌõ ÇáúÌóíøöÏö Úóäú ÇáÑøóÏöíÁö¡ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÎöáóÇÝò.

[ãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÅÐóÇ ÒóÇÏóÊú Úóáóì ÚöÔúÑöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò ÝóÝöí ßõáøö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÈöäúÊõ áóÈõæäò æóÝöí ßõáøö ÎóãúÓöíäó ÍöÞøóÉñ.]
(1700) ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ: ÞóÇáó: (ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÒóÇÏóÊú Úóáóì ÚöÔúÑöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò¡ ÝóÝöí ßõáøö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÈöäúÊõ áóÈõæäò¡ æóÝöí ßõáøö ÎóãúÓöíäó ÍöÞøóÉñ) ÙóÇåöÑõ åóÐóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÅÐóÇ ÒóÇÏóÊú Úóáóì ÇáúÚöÔúÑöíäó æóÇáúãöÇÆóÉö æóÇÍöÏóÉð ÝóÝöíåóÇ ËóáóÇËõ ÈóäóÇÊö áóÈõæäò¡ æóåõæó ÅÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö¡ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó.
æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ¡ áóÇ íóÊóÚóÏøóì ÇáúÝóÑúÖõ Åáóì ËóáóÇËöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÝöíåóÇ ÍöÞøóÉñ æóÈöäúÊóÇ áóÈõæäò. æóåóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö íóÓóÇÑò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò.

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æóáöãóÇáößò ÑöæóÇíóÊóÇäöº áöÃóäøó ÇáúÝóÑúÖó áóÇ íóÊóÛóíøóÑõ ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉöº ÈöÏóáöíáö ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÝõÑõæÖö. æóáóäóÇ¡ Þóæúáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÒóÇÏóÊú Úóáóì ÚöÔúÑöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò¡ ÝóÝöí ßõáøö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÈöäúÊõ áóÈõæäò» . æóÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉõ ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó ãõÕóÑøóÍðÇ Èöåö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÇÊö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÊóÈóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóßóÇäó ÚöäúÏó Çáú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö. ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ¡ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÞóÇáó: åõæó ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö: åõæó ÃóÍúÓóäõ ÔóíúÁò Ñõæöíó Ýöí ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÇÊö. æóÝöíåö: «ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÅÍúÏóì æóÚöÔúÑöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉð¡ ÝóÝöíåóÇ ËóáóÇËõ ÈóäóÇÊö áóÈõæäò» . æóÝöí áóÝúÙò: «Åáóì ÚöÔúÑöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÒóÇÏóÊú æóÇÍöÏóÉð ÝóÝöí ßõáøö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÈöäúÊõ áóÈõæäò¡ æóÝöí ßõáøö ÎóãúÓöíäó ÍöÞøóÉñ» ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíø.
æóÃóÎúÑóÌó ÍóÏöíËó ÃóäóÓò¡ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÑóÇåúæóíúåö¡ Úóäú ÇáäøóÖúÑö Èúäö ÅÓúãóÇÚöíáó¡ Úóäú ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÎóÐúäóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ãöäú ËõãóÇãóÉó íõÍóÏøöËõ Èöåö Úóäú ÃóäóÓò. æóÝöíåö: «ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóÊú ÅÍúÏóì æóÚöÔúÑöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉð¡ ÝóÝöí ßõáøö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÈöäúÊõ áóÈõæäò¡ æóÝöí ßõáøö ÎóãúÓöíäó ÍöÞøóÉñ» . æóáöÃóäøó ÓóÇÆöÑó ãóÇ ÌóÚóáóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÛóÇíóÉð áöáúÝóÑúÖö¡ ÅÐóÇ ÒóÇÏó Úóáóíúåö æóÇÍöÏóÉñ ÊóÛóíøóÑó ÇáúÝóÑúÖõ¡ ßóÐóÇ åóÐóÇ. æóÞóæúáõåõãú: Åäøó ÇáúÝóÑúÖó áóÇ íóÊóÛóíøóÑõ ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉö. ÞõáúäóÇ: æóåóÐóÇ ãóÇ ÊóÛóíøóÑó ÈöÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉö æóÍúÏóåóÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÛóíøóÑó ÈöåóÇ ãóÚó ãóÇ ÞóÈúáóåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÔúÈóåóÊú ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉó ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏóÉó Úóäú ÇáÊøöÓúÚöíäó æóÇáÓøöÊøöíäó æóÛóíúÑóåõãóÇ.
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æóáóäóÇ¡ Ãóäøó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËóíú ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÇÊö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÊóÈóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò áöÃóäóÓö¡ æóÇóáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏó Âáö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ãöËúáó ãóÐúåóÈöäóÇ¡ æóåõãóÇ ÕóÍöíÍóÇäö¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÞóæúáöåö: «åóÐöåö ÝóÑöíÖóÉõ ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÝóÑóÖó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó» . æóÃóãøóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÍóÒúãò¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÇõÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÕöÝóÊöåö¡ ÝóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÃóËúÑóãõ Ýöí " Óõäóäöåö " ãöËúáó ãóÐúåóÈöäóÇ.
æóÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ÈöÐóáößó Ãóæúáóì¡ áöãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍó¡ æóãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÇáó ÅÐóÇ æóÌóÈó Ýöíåö ãöäú ÌöäúÓöåö áóãú íóÌöÈú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÌöäúÓöåö¡ ßóÓóÇÆöÑö ÈóåöíãóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö¡ æóáöÃóäøóåõ ãóÇáñ ÇÍúÊóãóáó ÇáúãõæóÇÓóÇÉó ãöäú ÌöäúÓöåö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÌöÈú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÌöäúÓöåö¡ ßóÇáúÈóÞóÑö æóÇáúÛóäóãö.
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Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö: " ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÒóÇÏóÊú æóÇÍöÏóÉð ".
æóåóÐóÇ íõÞóíøöÏõ ãõØúáóÞó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÓóÇÆöÑó ÇáúÝõÑõæÖö áóÇ ÊóÊóÛóíøóÑõ ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÌõÒúÁò. æóÚóáóì ßöáúÊóÇ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö ãóÊóì ÈóáóÛúÊ ÇáúÅöÈöáõ ãöÇÆóÉð æóËóáóÇËöíäó ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÍöÞøóÉñ æóÈöäúÊóÇ áóÈõæäò¡ æóÝöí ãöÇÆóÉò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÍöÞøóÊóÇäö æóÈöäúÊóÇ áóÈõæäò¡ æóÝöí ãöÇÆóÉò æóÎóãúÓöíäó ËóáóÇËõ ÍöÞóÇÞò¡ æóÝöí ãöÇÆóÉò æóÓöÊøöíäó ÃóÑúÈóÚõ ÈóäóÇÊö áóÈõæäò. Ëõãøó ßõáøóãóÇ ÒóÇÏóÊú ÚóÔúÑðÇ ÃõÈúÏöáóÊú ãóßóÇäó ÈöäúÊö áóÈõæäò ÍöÞøóÉñ¡ ÝóÝöí ãöÇÆóÉò æóÓóÈúÚöíäó ÍöÞøóÉñ æóËóáóÇËõ ÈóäóÇÊö áóÈõæäò¡ æóÝöí ãöÇÆóÉò æóËóãóÇäöíäó ÍöÞøóÊóÇäö æóÇÈúäóÊóÇ áóÈõæäò¡ æóÝöí ãöÇÆóÉò æóÊöÓúÚöíäó ËóáóÇËõ ÍöÞóÇÞò æóÈöäúÊõ áóÈõæäò.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóÊú ãöÇÆóÊóíúäö ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÇáúÝóÑúÖóÇäöº áöÃóäøó ÝöíåöãóÇ ÎóãúÓöíäó ÃóÑúÈóÚó ãóÑøóÇÊò¡ æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÎóãúÓó ãóÑøóÇÊò¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÃóÑúÈóÚõ ÍöÞóÇÞò Ãóæú ÎóãúÓõ ÈóäóÇÊö áóÈõæäò¡ Ãóíøó ÇáúÝóÑúÖóíúäö ÔóÇÁó ÃóÎúÑóÌó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÃóÝúÖóáö ãöäúåõ. æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Ãóäøó Úóáóíúåö ÃóÑúÈóÚó ÍöÞóÇÞò. æóåóÐóÇ ãóÍúãõæáñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Úóáóíúåö ÃóÑúÈóÚó ÍöÞóÇÞò ÈöÕöíÛóÉö ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÅáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÎúÑöÌõ æóáöíøðÇ áöíóÊöíãò Ãóæú ãóÌúäõæäò¡ ÝóáóíúÓó áóåõ Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌó ãöäú ãóÇáöåö ÅáøóÇ ÃóÏúäóì ÇáúÝóÑúÖóíúäö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ: ÇáúÎöíóÑóÉõ Åáóì ÇáÓøóÇÚöí. æóãõÞúÊóÖóì Þóæúáöåö Ãóäøó ÑóÈøó ÇáúãóÇáö ÅÐóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌó áóÒöãóåõ ÅÎúÑóÇÌõ ÃóÚúáóì ÇáúÝóÑúÖóíúäö¡ æóÇÍúÊóÌøó ÈöÞóæúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáÇ ÊóíóãøóãõæÇ ÇáúÎóÈöíËó ãöäúåõ ÊõäúÝöÞõæäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 267] . æóáöÃóäøóåõ æõÌöÏó ÓóÈóÈõ ÇáúÝóÑúÖóíúäö¡ ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÇáúÎöíóÑóÉõ Åáóì ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøöåö Ãóæú äóÇÆöÈöåö¡ ßóÞóÊúáö ÇáúÚóãúÏö ÇáúãõæÌöÈö áöáúÞöÕóÇÕö Ãóæú ÇáÏøöíóÉö.
æóáóäóÇ¡ Þóæúáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÇÊö¡ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÊóÈóåõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÚöäúÏó Çáú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö: «ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãöÇÆóÊóíúäö¡ ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚõ ÍöÞóÇÞò¡ Ãóæú ÎóãúÓõ ÈóäóÇÊö áóÈõæäò¡ Ãóíøõ ÇáúÈöäúÊóíúäö æõÌöÏóÊú ÃõÎöÐóÊú» . æóåóÐóÇ äóÕøñ áóÇ íóÚúÑõÌõ ãóÚóåõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò íõÎóÇáöÝõåõ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - «áöãõÚóÇÐò: ÅíøóÇßó æóßóÑóÇÆöãó ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú» .
æóáöÃóäøóåóÇ ÒóßóÇÉñ ËóÈóÊó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÎöíóÇÑõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ðóáößó áöÑóÈøö ÇáúãóÇáö¡ ßóÇáúÎöíóÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö Èóíúäó ãöÇÆóÊóíúäö Ãóæú ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ æóÈóíúäó ÇáäøõÒõæáö æóÇáÕøõÚõæÏö¡ æóÊóÚúíöíäö ÇáúãõÎúÑóÌö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÊóäóÇæóáõ ÇáúÂíóÉõ ãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåöº áöÃóäøóåõ ÅäøóãóÇ íóÃúÎõÐõ ÇáúÝóÑúÖó ÈöÕöÝóÉö ÇáúãóÇáö¡ ÝóíóÃúÎõÐõ ãöäú ÇáúßöÑóÇãö ßóÑóÇÆöãó¡ æóãöäú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäú æóÓóØöåóÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÎóÈöíËðÇ¡ áöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóÏúäóì áóíúÓó ÈöÎóÈöíËò¡ æóßóÐóáößó áóæú áóãú íõæÌóÏú ÅáøóÇ ÓóÈóÈõ æõÌõæÈöåö æóÌóÈó ÅÎúÑóÇÌõåõ¡ æóÞöíóÇÓõåõãú íóÈúØõáõ ÈöÔóÇÉö ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö¡ æóÞöíóÇÓõäóÇ Ãóæúáóì ãöäúåõº áöÃóäøó ÞöíóÇÓó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö Úóáóì ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÞöíóÇÓöåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÏøöíóÇÊö.
ÅÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó åóÐóÇ ÝóßóÇäó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÝóÑúÖóíúäö Ýöí ãóÇáöåö Ïõæäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ Ýóåõæó ãõÎóíøóÑñ Èóíúäó ÅÎúÑóÇÌöåö Ãóæú ÔöÑóÇÁö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóáóÇ íóÊóÚóíøóäõ Úóáóíúåö Óöæóì ÅÎúÑóÇÌö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöº áöÃóäøó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó áóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ Ýöí Úóíúäö ÇáúãóÇáö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí: íóÊóÚóíøóäõ Úóáóíúåö ÅÎúÑóÇÌõ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö áöÃóäøó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó áóÇ ÊóÌöÈú Ýöí Úóíúäö ÇáúãóÇáö. æóáóÚóáøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÅÐóÇ áóãú íóÞúÏöÑú Úóáóì ÔöÑóÇÁö ÇáúÂÎóÑö.

[ÝóÕúáõ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÅÎúÑóÇÌó ÇáúÝóÑúÖö ãöäú ÇáäøóæúÚóíúäö Ýöí ÒóßóÇÉ ÇáÃÈá]
(1701) ÝóÕúáñ: ÝóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÅÎúÑóÇÌó ÇáúÝóÑúÖö ãöäú ÇáäøóæúÚóíúäö¡ äóÙóÑúäóǺ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú Åáóì ÊóÔúÞöíÕò¡ ßóÑóÌõáò ÚöäúÏóåõ ÃóÑúÈóÚõãöÇÆóÉò

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íõÎúÑöÌõ ãöäúåóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚó ÍöÞóÇÞò æóÎóãúÓó ÈóäóÇÊö áóÈõæäò¡ ÌóÇÒó¡ æóÅöäú ÇÍúÊóÇÌó Åáóì ÊóÔúÞöíÕò¡ ßóÒóßóÇÉö ÇáúãöÇÆóÊóíúäö¡ áóãú íóÌõÒúº áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ Ðóáößó ÅáøóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÔúÞöíÕö. æóÞöíáó: íóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäú íóÌõæÒó¡ Úóáóì ÞöíóÇÓö Þóæúáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ: æóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÚúÊöÞó äöÕúÝóíú ÚóÈúÏóíúäö Ýöí ÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍòº ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóÑúÚó áóãú íóÑöÏú ÈöÇáÊøóÔúÞöíÕö Ýöí ÒóßóÇÉö ÇáÓøóÇÆöãóÉö ÅáøóÇ ãöäú ÍóÇÌóÉò¡ æóáöÐóáößó ÌóÚóáó áóåóÇ ÃóæúÞóÇÕðÇ¡ ÏóÝúÚðÇ áöáÊøóÔúÞöíÕö Úóäú ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÚóÏóáó ÝöíåóÇ Ïõæäó ÎóãúÓò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ãöäú ÇáúÅöÈöáö Úóäú ÅíÌóÇÈö ÇáúÅöÈöáö Åáóì ÅíÌóÇÈö ÇáúÛóäóãö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÊóÌúæöíÒöåö ãóÚó ÅãúßóÇäö ÇáúÚõÏõæáö Úóäúåõ Åáóì ÅíÌóÇÈö ÝóÑöíÖóÉò ßóÇãöáóÉò.
æóÅöäú æóÌóÏó ÃóÍóÏó ÇáúÝóÑúÖóíúäö ßóÇãöáðÇ æóÇáúÂÎóÑó äóÇÞöÕðÇ¡ áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ ÅÎúÑóÇÌõåõ ÅáøóÇ ÈöÌõÈúÑóÇäò ãóÚóåõ¡ ãöËúáõ Ãóäú íóÌöÏó Ýöí ÇáúãöÇÆóÊóíúäö ÎóãúÓó ÈóäóÇÊö áóÈõæäò æóËóáóÇËó ÍöÞóÇÞò¡ ÊóÚóíøóäó ÃóÎúÐõ ÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÉö ÇáúßóÇãöáóÉöº áöÃóäøó ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäó ÈóÏóáñ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ áóåõ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúãõÈúÏóáö. æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏóÉò ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åáóì ÌõÈúÑóÇäò¡ ãöËúáõ Ãóäú íóÌöÏó ÃóÑúÈóÚó ÈóäóÇÊö áóÈõæäò æóËóáóÇËó ÍöÞóÇÞò¡ Ýóåõæó ãõÎóíøóÑñ ÃóíøóåõãóÇ ÔóÇÁó ÃóÎúÑóÌó ãóÚó ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö¡ Åäú ÔóÇÁó ÃóÎúÑóÌó ÈóäóÇÊö ÇááøóÈõæäö æóÍöÞøóÉð æóÃóÎóÐó ÈöÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö¡ æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó ÃóÎúÑóÌó ÇáúÍöÞóÇÞó æóÈöäúÊó ÇááøóÈõæäö ãóÚó ÌõÈúÑóÇäöåóÇ. ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáó: ÎõÐõæÇ ãöäøöí ÍöÞøóÉð æóËóáóÇËó ÈóäóÇÊö áóÈõæäò ãóÚó ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö. áóãú íóÌõÒúº áöÃóäøóåõ íóÚúÏöáõ Úóäú ÇáúÝóÑúÖö ãóÚó æõÌõæÏöåö Åáóì ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö.
æóíóÍúÊóãöáõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒóº áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö. æóÅöäú áóãú íõæÌóÏú ÅáøóÇ ÍöÞøóÉñ æóÃóÑúÈóÚõ ÈóäóÇÊö áóÈõæäò¡ ÃóÏøóÇåóÇ æóÃóÎóÐó ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäó¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÏóÝúÚõ ËóáóÇËö ÈóäóÇÊö áóÈõæäò ãóÚó ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö¡ Ýöí ÃóÕóÍøö ÇáúæóÌúåóíúäö. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÝóÑúÖóÇäö ãóÚúÏõæãóíúäö¡ Ãóæú ãóÚöíÈóíúäö¡ Ýóáóåõ ÇáúÚõÏõæáõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó ÃóÎúÑóÌó ÃóÑúÈóÚó ÌóÐóÚóÇÊò æóÃóÎóÐó ËóãóÇäöíó ÔöíóÇåò Ãóæú ËóãóÇäöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó ÏóÝóÚó ÎóãúÓó ÈóäóÇÊö ãóÎóÇÖò æóãóÚóåóÇ ÚóÔúÑõ ÔöíóÇåò Ãóæú ãöÇÆóÉõ ÏöÑúåóãò.
æóÅöäú ÃóÍóÈøó Ãóäú íóäúÞõáó Úóäú ÇáúÍöÞóÇÞö Åáóì ÈóäóÇÊö ÇáúãóÎóÇÖö¡ Ãóæú Úóäú ÈóäóÇÊö ÇááøóÈõæäö Åáóì ÇáúÌöÐóÇÚö¡ áóãú íóÌõÒúº áöÃóäøó ÇáúÍöÞóÇÞó æóÈóäóÇÊö ÇááøóÈõæäö ãóäúÕõæÕñ Úóáóíúåöäøó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÇáö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÕúÚóÏõ Åáóì ÇáúÍöÞóÇÞö ÈöÌõÈúÑóÇäò¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÒöáõ Åáóì ÈóäóÇÊö ÇááøóÈõæäö ÈöÌõÈúÑóÇäò.

[ãóÓúÃóáóÉõ æóÌóÈóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÍöÞøóÉñ æóáóíúÓóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ]
(1702) ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ: ÞóÇáó: (æóãóäú æóÌóÈóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÍöÞøóÉñ æóáóíúÓóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõ ÇÈúäóÉõ áóÈõæäò¡ ÃõÎöÐóÊú ãöäúåõ æóãóÚóåóÇ ÔóÇÊóÇäö Ãóæú ÚöÔúÑõæäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ æóãóäú æóÌóÈóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇÈúäóÉõ áóÈõæäò¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõ ÍöÞøóÉñ¡ ÃõÎöÐóÊú ãöäúåõ æóÃõÚúØöíó ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäó ÔóÇÊóíúäö Ãóæú ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ) ÇáúãóÐúåóÈõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÊóì æóÌóÈóÊú Úóáóíúåö Óöäøñ æóáóíúÓóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ Ýóáóåõ Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌó ÓöäøðÇ ÃóÚúáóì ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóíóÃúÎõÐó ÔóÇÊóíúäö Ãóæú ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÓöäøðÇ ÃóäúÒóáó ãöäúåóÇ æóãóÚóåóÇ ÔóÇÊóíúäö Ãóæú ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ ÅáøóÇ ÇÈúäóÉó ãóÎóÇÖò áóíúÓó áóåõ Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌó ÃóäúÒóáó ãöäúåóǺ áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÃóÏúäóì Óöäøò ÊóÌöÈõ Ýöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ Ãóæú ÌóÐóÚóÉð.
ÝóáóÇ íõÎúÑöÌõ ÃóÚúáóì ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÅáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÑúÖóì ÑóÈøõ ÇáúãóÇáö ÈöÅöÎúÑóÇÌöåóÇ áóÇ ÌõÈúÑóÇäó ãóÚóåóÇ¡ ÝóÊõÞúÈóáó ãöäúåõ. æóÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ Ýöí ÇáÕøõÚõæÏö æóÇáäøõÒõæáö¡ æóÇáÔøöíóÇåö æóÇáÏøóÑóÇåöãö¡ Åáóì ÑóÈøö ÇáúãóÇáö. æóÈöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøõ¡ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö. æóÇÎúÊóáóÝó Ýöíåö Úóäú ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó. æóÞóÇáó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ: íõÎúÑöÌõ ÔóÇÊóíúäö Ãóæú ÚóÔóÑóÉó ÏóÑóÇåöãóº áöÃóäøó ÇáÔøóÇÉó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ãõÊóÞóæøöãóÉñ ÈöÎóãúÓóÉö ÏóÑóÇåöãó¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö Ãóäøó äöÕóÇÈóåóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó¡

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æóäöÕóÇÈó ÇáÏøóÑóÇåöãö ãöÇÆóÊóÇäö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÃúíö: íóÏúÝóÚõ ÞöíãóÉó ãóÇ æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö¡ Ãóæú Ïõæäó ÇáÓøöäøö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉö æóÝóÖúáó ãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÏóÑóÇåöãó. æóáóäóÇ¡ Þóæúáõåõ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -¡ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóíúäóÇåõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: «æóãóäú ÈóáóÛóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú ÇáúÅöÈöáö ÕóÏóÞóÉõ ÇáúÌóÐóÚóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ ÌóÐóÚóÉñ¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõ ÍöÞøóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÍöÞøóÉõ¡ æóíóÌúÚóáõ ãóÚóåóÇ ÔóÇÊóíúäö¡ Åäú ÇÓúÊóíúÓóÑóÊóÇ áóåõ¡ Ãóæú ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ æóãóäú ÈóáóÛóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ ÕóÏóÞóÉõ ÇáúÍöÞøóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõ ÇáúÌóÐóÚóÉõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÌóÐóÚóÉõ¡ æóíõÚúØöíåö ÇáúãõÕóÏøöÞõ ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ Ãóæú ÔóÇÊóíúäö. æóãóäú ÈóáóÛóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ ÕóÏóÞóÉõ ÇáúÍöÞøóÉö æóáóíúÓóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ ÅáøóÇ ÈöäúÊõ áóÈõæäò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåõ ÈöäúÊõ áóÈõæäò¡ æóíõÚúØöí ÔóÇÊóíúäö¡ Ãóæú ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ æóãóäú ÈóáóÛóÊú ÕóÏóÞóÊõåõ ÈöäúÊó áóÈõæäò¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõ ÍöÞøóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÍöÞøóÉõ¡ æóíõÚúØöíåö ÇáúãõÕóÏøöÞõ ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ Ãóæú ÔóÇÊóíúäö¡ æóãóäú ÈóáóÛóÊú ÕóÏóÞóÊõåõ ÈöäúÊó áóÈõæäò¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõ ÇÈúäóÉõ ãóÎóÇÖò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåõ ÇÈúäóÉõ ãóÎóÇÖò æóíõÚúØöí ãóÚóåóÇ ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÔóÇÊóíúäö» æóåóÐóÇ äóÕøñ ËóÇÈöÊñ ÕóÍöíÍñ áóãú íõáúÊóÝóÊõ Åáóì ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ. ÅÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó åóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÚõÏõæáõ Åáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö ãóÚó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÃóÕúáöº áöÃóäøóåõ ãóÔúÑõæØñ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌó Ýöí ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö ÔóÇÉð¡ æóÚóÔóÑóÉó ÏóÑóÇåöãó. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí: áóÇ íõãúäóÚõ åóÐóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞõáúäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉö¡ Ýóáóåõ ÅÎúÑóÇÌõåóÇ ãöäú ÌöäúÓóíúäöº áöÃóäøó ÇáÔøóÇÉó ãóÞóÇãõ ÚóÔóÑóÉö ÏóÑóÇåöãó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÅÎúÑóÇÌóåóÇ æóÚóÔóÑóÉð ÌóÇÒó. æóíóÍúÊóãöáõ ÇáúãóäúÚóº áöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÎóíøóÑó Èóíúäó ÔóÇÊóíúäö æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÞöÓúãñ ËóÇáöËñ¡ ÝóÊóÌúæöíÒõåõ íõÎóÇáöÝõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó. æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáÕøóæóÇÈö.

[ÝóÕúáõ æóÌóÈóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÌóÐóÚóÉñ ÝóÚóÏöãóåóÇ æóÚóÏöãó ÇáúÍöÞøóÉó]
(1703) ÝóÕúáñ: ÝóÅöäú ÚóÏöãó ÇáÓøöäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉó æóÇóáøóÊöí ÊóáöíåóÇ¡ ßóãóäú æóÌóÈóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÌóÐóÚóÉñ ÝóÚóÏöãóåóÇ æóÚóÏöãó ÇáúÍöÞøóÉó¡ Ãóæú æóÌóÈóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÍöÞøóÉñ ÝóÚóÏöãóåóÇ æóÚóÏöãó ÇáúÌóÐóÚóÉó æóÇÈúäóÉó ÇááøóÈõæäö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí: íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóäúÊóÞöáó Åáóì ÇáÓøöäøö ÇáËøóÇáöËö ãóÚó ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö¡ ÝóíõÎúÑöÌó ÇÈúäóÉó ÇááøóÈõæäö Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ æóíõÎúÑöÌó ãóÚóåóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚó ÔöíóÇåò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ æóíõÎúÑöÌó ÇÈúäóÉó ãóÎóÇÖò Ýöí ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö¡ æóíõÎúÑöÌó ãóÚóåóÇ ãöËúáó Ðóáößó.
æóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøó ÃóÍúãóÏó ÃóæúãóÃó Åáóíúåö æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö: áóÇ íóäúÊóÞöáõ Åáóì Óöäøò Êóáöí ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ Åäøó ÇäúÊóÞóáó ãöäú ÍöÞøóÉò Åáóì ÈöäúÊö ãóÎóÇÖò¡ Ãóæú ãöäú ÌóÐóÚóÉò Åáóì ÈöäúÊö áóÈõæäò¡ áóãú íóÌõÒúº áöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÕøó æóÑóÏó ÈöÇáúÚõÏõæáö Åáóì Óöäøò æóÇÍöÏóÉò¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÕóÑúäóÇ Ýöí ÃóÎúÐö ÇáÔøöíóÇåö Úóäú ÇáúÅöÈöáö Úóáóì ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÇáøóÐöí æóÑóÏó Èöåö ÇáäøóÕøõ.
åóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö. æóæóÌúåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÌóæøóÒó ÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇáó Åáóì ÇáÓøöäøö ÇáøóÐöí Êóáöíå ãóÚó ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö¡ æóÌóæøóÒó ÇáúÚõÏõæáó Úóäú Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÅÐóÇ ÚóÏöãó ãóÚó ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúÝóÑúÖó¡ æóåóÇåõäóÇ áóæú ßóÇäó ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ ÃóÌúÒóÃó¡ ÝóÅöäú ÚóÏöãó ÌóÇÒó ÇáúÚõÏõæáõ Åáóì ãóÇ íóáöíåö ãóÚó ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö¡ æóÇáäøóÕøõ ÅÐóÇ ÚóÞóáóåõ ÚóÏøóì æóÚóãöáó ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ æóÚóáóì ãõÞúÊóÖóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÚõÏõæáõ Úóäú ÇáúÌóÐóÚóÉö Åáóì ÈöäúÊö ÇáúãóÎóÇÖö ãóÚó ÓöÊøö ÔöíóÇåò¡ Ãóæú ÓöÊøöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ æóíóÚúÏöáõ Úóäú ÇÈúäóÉö ÇáúãóÎóÇÖö Åáóì ÇáúÌóÐóÚóÉö¡

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æóíóÃúÎõÐõ ÓöÊøó ÔöíóÇåò¡ Ãóæú ÓöÊøöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ.
æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌó Úóäú ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚö ÔöíóÇåò ÔóÇÊóíúäö æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ ÌóÇÒó. áöÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÌõÈúÑóÇäóÇäö¡ ÝóåõãóÇ ßóÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÊóíúäö. æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö ÇáøóÐöí íõÎúÑöÌõåõ Úóäú ÝóÑúÖö ÇáúãöÇÆóÊóíúäö ãöäú ÇáúÅöÈöáö¡ ÅÐóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌó Úóäú ÎóãúÓö ÈóäóÇÊö áóÈõæäò ÎóãúÓó ÈóäóÇÊö ãóÎóÇÖò¡ Ãóæú ãóßóÇäó ÃóÑúÈóÚö ÍöÞóÇÞò ÃóÑúÈóÚó ÌóÐóÚóÇÊò¡ ÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö ÏóÑóÇåöãó¡ æóÈóÚúÖóåõ ÔöíóÇåðÇ. æóãóÊóì æóÌóÏó ÓöäøðÇ Êóáöí ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÚõÏõæáõ Åáóì Óöäøò áóÇ Êóáöíåº áöÃóäøó ÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇáó Úóäú ÇáÓøöäøö ÇáøóÊöí Êóáöíå Åáóì ÇáÓøöäøö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÈóÏóáñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ãóÚó ÅãúßóÇäö ÇáúÃóÕúáö.
ÝóÅöäú ÚóÏöãó ÇáúÍöÞøóÉó æóÇÈúäóÉó ÇááøóÈõæäö¡ æóæóÌóÏó ÇáúÌóÐóÚóÉó æóÇÈúäóÉó ÇáúãóÎóÇÖö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÇáúÍöÞøóÉó¡ áóãú íóÌõÒú ÇáúÚõÏõæáõ Åáóì ÈöäúÊö ÇáúãóÎóÇÖö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÇÈúäóÉó áóÈõæäò¡ áóãú íóÌõÒú ÅÎúÑóÇÌõ ÇáúÌóÐóÚóÉö. æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.

[ÝóÕúáõ ßóÇäó ÇáäøöÕóÇÈõ ßõáøõåõ ãöÑóÇÖðÇ æóÝóÑöíÖóÊõåõ ãóÚúÏõæãóÉð]
ÝóÕúáñ: ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáäøöÕóÇÈõ ßõáøõåõ ãöÑóÇÖðÇ¡ æóÝóÑöíÖóÊõåõ ãóÚúÏõæãóÉð¡ Ýóáóåõ Ãóäú íóÚúÏöáó Åáóì ÇáÓøöäøö ÇáÓøõÝúáóì ãóÚó ÏóÝúÚö ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö¡ æóáóíúÓó áóåõ Ãóäú íóÕúÚóÏó ãóÚó ÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö¡ áöÃóäøó ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÇáúÝóÖúáö ÇáøóÐöí Èóíúäó ÇáúÝóÑúÖóíúäö¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäõ ÌóÈúÑðÇ ãöäú ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÞöíãóÉó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÊóíúäö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÞöíãóÉö ÇáúãóÑöíÖóÊóíúäö¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó ÞöíãóÉõ ãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó áóãú íóÌõÒú Ýöí ÇáÕøõÚõæÏö¡ æóÌóÇÒó Ýöí ÇáäøõÒõæáöº áöÃóäøóåõ ãõÊóØóæøöÚñ ÈöÔóíúÁö ãöäú ãóÇáöåö¡ æóÑóÈøõ ÇáúãóÇáö íõÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÝóÖúáõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ áöáÓøóÇÚöí Ãóäú íõÚúØöíó ÇáúÝóÖúáó ãöäú ÇáúãóÓóÇßöíäö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÎúÑöÌõ æóáöíøó ÇáúíóÊöíãö¡ áóãú íóÌõÒú áóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇáäøõÒõæáõº áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÚúØöíó ÇáúÝóÖúáó ãöäú ãóÇáö ÇáúíóÊöíãö¡ ÝóíóÊóÚóíøóäõ ÔöÑóÇÁõ ÇáúÝóÑúÖö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãóÇáö.

[ÝóÕúáõ áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÅöÈöáö]
(1705) ÝóÕúáñ: æóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÅöÈöáöº áöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÕøó ÝöíåóÇ æóÑóÏó¡ æóáóíúÓó ÛóíúÑõåóÇ Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ¡ áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÃóßúËóÑõ ÞöíãóÉð¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúÛóäóãó áóÇ ÊóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÝóÑöíÖóÊõåóÇ ÈöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÓöäøöåóÇ¡ æóãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÊóíúäö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÞóÑö íõÎóÇáöÝõ ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÊóíúäö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÈöáö ÝóÇãúÊóäóÚó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ. Ýóãöäú ÚóÏöãó ÝóÑöíÖóÉó ÇáúÈóÞóÑö Ãóæú ÇáúÛóäóãö¡ æóæóÌóÏó ÏõæäóåóÇ¡ áóãú íóÌõÒú áóåõ ÅÎúÑóÇÌõåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú æóÌóÏó ÃóÚúáóì ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÍóÈøó Ãóäú íóÏúÝóÚóåóÇ ãõÊóØóæøöÚðÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÌõÈúÑóÇäò¡ ÞõÈöáóÊú ãöäúåõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÝúÚóáú ßõáøöÝó ÔöÑóÇÁóåóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãóÇáöåö.

[ÝóÕúáõ ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÕö]
(1706) ÝóÕúáñ: ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóËúÑóãõ: ÞõáúÊ áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ: ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÕö. ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÕõ ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÊóíúäö. ÞõáúÊ áóåõ: ßóÃóäøóåõ ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáËøóáóÇËöíäó Åáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÞóÑö æóãóÇ ÃóÔúÈóåö åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú¡ æóÇáÓøóÈóÞõ ãóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÉö. ÞõáúÊ áóåõ:

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ßóÃóäøóåõ ãóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáËøóáóÇËöíäó ãöäú ÇáúÈóÞóÑö¡ æóãóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÉö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ: ÇáÓøóÈóÞõ ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÊóíúäö ÃóíúÖðÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ: ÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ ÊóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáäøöÕóÇÈö Ïõæäó ÇáúæóÞúÕö. æóãóÚúäóÇåõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÉö¡ ãöËúáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚöäúÏå ËóáóÇËõæäó ãöäú ÇáúÅöÈöáö¡ ÝóÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ ÊóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÎóãúÓóÉò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó¡ Ïõæäó ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉö ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏóÉö ÚóáóíúåóÇ. ÝóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ áóæú æóÌóÈóÊú ÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÊóáöÝóÊú ÇáúÎóãúÓõ ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏóÉõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáÊøóãóßøõäö ãöäú ÃóÏóÇÆöåóÇ¡ æóÞõáúäóÇ: Åäøó ÊóáóÝó ÇáäøöÕóÇÈö ÞóÈúáó ÇáÊøóãóßøõäö íõÓúÞöØõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó¡ áóãú íóÓúÞõØú åóÇåõäóÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÔóíúÁñº áöÃóäøó ÇáÊøóÇáöÝó áóãú ÊóÊóÚóáøóÞú ÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ Èöåö¡ æóÅöäú ÊóáöÝó ãöäúåóÇ ÚóÔúÑñ ÓóÞóØó ãöäú ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÎõãúÓõåóǺ áöÃóäøó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó ÈöÊóáóÝö ÌõÒúÁò ãöäú ÇáäøöÕóÇÈö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóáöÝó ãöäúåóÇ ãöäú ÇáäøöÕóÇÈö ÎóãúÓóÉñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÊóÃúËöíÑó áöÊóáóÝö ÇáäøöÕóÇÈö Ýöí ÅÓúÞóÇØö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÝóáóÇ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ÚöäúÏóåõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÇóááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ.

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