ÇáÅÍßÇã Ýí ÃÕæá ÇáÃÍßÇã ááÂãÏí

[ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Ýöíåö æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáõ ÇáúãõßóáøóÝõ ÈöåóÇ]
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ]
ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ
Ýöí ÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Ýöíåö æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáõ ÇáúãõßóáøóÝõ ÈöåóÇ æóÝöíåö ÎóãúÓõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì (4) ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Þóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ äóÝúíðÇ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö æóÞóáúÈö ÇáúÃóÌúäóÇÓö (5) æóÅöíÌóÇÏö ÇáúÞóÏöíãö æóÅöÚúÏóÇãöåö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóãóíúáõåõ Ýöí ÃóßúËóÑö ÃóÞúæóÇáöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö (6) æóåõæó áóÇÒöãñ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáöåö Ýöí ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö æõÌõæÈö ãõÞóÇÑóäóÉö
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(1) Ãóíú ãóÌóÇÒðÇ áöãóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáÓøóÚóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÞõæÈöáóÊú ÍóÇáõäóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÍóÇáöåöãú.
(2) áöÚóÏóãö ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúãõÍóÑøöãö áöÊóÑúßöåö ÚöáøóÉñ áöãóäúÚö ÊóÓúãöíóÉö Ðóáößó ÑõÎúÕóÉð ÍóÞöíÞöíøóÉð¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÞõãú Ýöí ÍóÞøöäóÇ Ïóáöíáñ íõÍóÑøöãõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÊóÑúßó ãóÇ æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåöãú ÝöÚúáõåõ ÏõæäóäóÇ.
(3) Ýöíåö äóÙóÑñ ; ÅöÐú ÞóÏú íõÓóãøóì ÈóÚúÖõ ÕõæóÑö ÊóÎúÕöíÕö ÇáúÚõãõæãö ÑõÎúÕóÉð ßóÃóßúáö ÇáúãóíúÊóÉö áöáúãõÖúØóÑøö¡ æóÐóáößó Èóíøöäñ ãöäú ÂíóÇÊö ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáúãóíúÊóÉö¡ æóãóÇ ãóÚóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö¡ æóãóÇ ÎõÊöãóÊú Èöåö ãöäú ÍöáøöåóÇ áöáúãõÖúØóÑøö.
(4) ÇäúÙõÑú Õ 318 Ì 7 ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚóÉö ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì¡ æóÔóÑúÍó ÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøóÉö Úóáóì Þóæúáö ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝö: æóáóãú íõßóáøöÝúåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ íõØöíÞõæäó. ÅöáóÎú.
(5) ãöËóÇáõ ÞóáúÈö ÇáúÃóÌúäóÇÓö ÌóÚúáõ ÇáÔøóÌóÑö ÝóÑóÓðÇ¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÝóÑóÓö ÅöäúÓóÇäðÇ¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäó äóÈóÇÊðÇ¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÈúÍóËó ÞóáúÈö ÇáúÌóæúåóÑö ÚóÑóÖðÇ¡ ãöäú ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøöíäó¡ áöÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö.
(6) Ãóíú: ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÍóÇÔöíóÉö ÇáúÚóØøóÇÑö Úóáóì ÔóÑúÍö ÇáúÌóáóÇáö ÇáúãóÍóáøöíøö.

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ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáúÍóÇÏöËóÉö áöáúãóÞúÏõæÑö ÈöåóÇ ãóÚó ÊóÞóÏøõãö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö (1) ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÄóËøöÑóÉò Ýöí ãóÞúÏõæÑöåóÇ¡ Èóáú ãóÞúÏõæÑõåóÇ ãóÎúáõæÞñ áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÈöÝöÚúáö ÇáúÛóíúÑö ÍóÇáóÉó ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóíúåö ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ (2) ¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóßúËóÑö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö æóÈóÚúÖö ãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÊóßúáöíÝö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÈöÝöÚúáò Ýöí æóÞúÊò Úóáöãó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ãóãúäõæÚðÇ Úóäúåõ.
æóÇáúÈóßúÑöíøóÉõ (3) ÍóíúËõ ÒóÚóãõæÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÊúãó æóÇáØøóÈúÚó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÝúÆöÏóÉö ãóÇäöÚóÇäö ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ãóÚó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Èöåö.
ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÌóæóÇÒö Ðóáößó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí æõÞõæÚöåö äóÝúíðÇ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ¡ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÇáäøóÝúíö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈö æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøöíäó.
æóÃóÌúãóÚó Çáúßõáøõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ Úóáöãó Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ æóÚóáóì æõÞõæÚöåö ÔóÑúÚðÇ ßóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö áöãóäú Úóáöãó Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÄúãöäõ ßóÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÈóÚúÖò ÇáËøóäóæöíøóÉö.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáö áöÐóÇÊöåö (4) ßóÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóÌóæóÇÒõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáö ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÅöáóíúåö ãóíúáõ ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøö¡ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ.
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(1) ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉó äóæúÚóÇäö: ÇáúÃõæáóì ÈöãóÚúäóì ÊóæóÝøõÑö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö æóÇáúÂáóÇÊö¡ æóåöíó ãóäóÇØõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö¡ ÝóÈöåóÇ íóÊúãóßøóäõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÞöíóÇãö ÈöãóÇ ßõáøöÝó Èöåö¡ æóåöíó ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ Ýöí ßõáøö ãõßóáøóÝò ãõÓúáöãò Ãóæú ßóÇÝöÑò¡ ãõØöíÚò Ãóæú ÚóÇÕò¡ æóÊóßõæäõ ãõÞóÇÑöäóÉð áöáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÊóÞóÏøóãõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÈöÐóáößó íóÊóÈóíøóäõ Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö áóÇ íóÊóÞóÏøóãõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóæúÝöíÞö¡ æóåóÐöåö ãõÞóÇÑöäóÉñ áöáúÝöÚúáö æóãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ Ýöíãóäú ÃóØóÇÚó Ïõæä ãóäú ÚóÕóì¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ãóäóÇØðÇ áöáÊøóßúáöíÝö. æóÞóÏú ÃóËúÈóÊó ÇáúÌóÈúÑöíøóÉõ ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉó ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóæúÝöíÞö¡ æóäóÝóæõÇ ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉó ÈöãóÚúäóì ÊóæóÝøõÑö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö æóÇáúÂáóÇÊö¡ æóÐóåóÈó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ Åöáóì ÇáúÚóßúÓö.
(2) ãõÊóÚóáøöÞõ ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáúÍóÇÏöËóÉö ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ÈöÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö¡ æóåöíó ãõÄóËøöÑóÉñ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÊóãúßöíäö Çááøóåö áóåóÇ¡ æóÅöÞúÏóÇÑöåö áöÚóÈúÏöåö ÚóáóíúåóÇ. ÃóãøóÇ ÊóÑúÊöíÈõ ÇáúãõÓóÈøóÈóÇÊö ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ýóãöäó Çááøóåö¡ Ýóåõæó æóÍúÏóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÌúÑöí ÇáúãõÓóÈøóÈóÇÊö ÈöÃóÓúÈóÇÈöåóÇ¡ áóÇ ÚöäúÏóåóÇ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøóÉõ¡ ÝóãóËóáðÇ: ÍóÒøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇáúÎóáöíáõ ÈöÇáÓøößøöíäö Ýöí ÑóÞóÈóÉö æóáóÏöåö¡ æóÖóÑóÈó ãõæÓóì Çáúßóáöíãõ ÇáúÈóÍúÑó ÈöÚóÕóÇåõ¡ æóÑóãóì ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÇáúÎóáöíáõ ÇáúÍóÕóì¡ ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ÝöÚúáö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö. ÃóãøóÇ Ãóäú ÊóäúÞóØöÚó ÇáÑøóÞóÈóÉõ¡ Ãóæú íóäúÝóáöÞó ÇáúÈóÍúÑõ¡ Ãóæú íõÕöíÈó ÇáúÍóÕóì ÌóãöíÚó ãóäú Ñõãöíó Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöáóì Çááøóåö¡ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó ÑóÊøóÈó Ðóáößó ÝóÍóÕóáó¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóíúäö¡ æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó áóãú íóÍúÕõáú ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉ ÇáÐøóÈöíÍö ãóÚó ÃóÈöíåö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
æóÈöÐóáößó íóßõæäõ ãõÊóÚóáøöÞõ ÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÇáÊøóÓóÈøõÈõ æóÇáúßóÓúÈõ ÛóíúÑó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞö ÞõÏúÑóÉö Çááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó Êóãúßöíäõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏö æóÅöÞúÏóÇÑõåõ æóÊóÑúÊöíÈõ ÇáúãõÓóÈøóÈóÇÊö Úóáóì ÃóÓúÈóÇÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöÝöÚúáö ÇáúÛóíúÑö¡ ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó ÊóßúáöíÝðÇ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ.
(3) ÇáúÈóßúÑöíøóÉõ ÃóÊúÈóÇÚõ ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÒöíóÇÏò ÇáúÈóÇåöáöíøö. ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÐúåóÈóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÇáúÝöÑóÞö¡ æóÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö áöáÐøóåóÈöíøö.
(4) æóßóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáõ ÚóÇÏóÉð¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ýöí ÍößúãóÉö ÃóÑúÍóãö ÇáÑøóÇÍöãöíäó æóÃóÍúßóãö ÇáúÍóÇßöãöíäó.

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æóáúäóÝúÑöÖö ÇáúßóáóÇãó Ýöí ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáØøóÑóÝõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ æóåõæó ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáö áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ØóáóÈõ ãóÇ Ýöíåö ßõáúÝóÉñ¡ æóÇáØøóáóÈõ íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ãóØúáõæÈðÇ ãõÊóÕóæøóÑðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ØóáóÈó ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÕóæøõÑó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáõ áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ ßóÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö æóÇáäøóÝúíö æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö ãóÚðÇ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò æóÇÍöÏò æóäóÍúæöåö¡ áóÇ ÊóÕóæøõÑó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö. æóáóæú ÊõÕõæøöÑó Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö áóãóÇ ßóÇäó æõÞõæÚõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ æóßóãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö Ýöí ØóÑóÝö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÝóßóÐóáößó íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö Ýöí ØóÑóÝö ÇáÓøóáúÈö¡ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ æóÇÓöØóÉñ ßóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÓóáúÈö ÇáúÍóÑóßóÉö æóÇáÓøõßõæäö ãóÚðÇ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò æóÇÍöÏò ; áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö Ðóáößó áöÐóÇÊóíúåöãóÇ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ Ýóãóäú ÊóæóÓøóØó ãóÒúÑóÚóÉð ãóÛúÕõæÈóÉð ÝóáóÇ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: áóÇ ÊóãúßõËú æóáóÇ ÊóÎúÑõÌú (1) ¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÃóÈõæ åóÇÔöãò. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõßúËö æóÇáúÎõÑõæÌö ÅöÝúÓóÇÏõ ÒóÑúÚö ÇáúÛóíúÑö¡ Èóáú íóÊóÚóíøóäõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúÎõÑõæÌö áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÊóÞúáöíáö ÇáÖøóÑóÑö æóÊóßúËöíÑöåö Ýöí ÇáúãõßúËö¡ ßóãóÇ íõßóáøóÝõ ÇáúãõæáöÌõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÑúÌö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ÈöÇáäøóÒúÚö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Èöåö ãóÇÓøðÇ áöáúÝóÑúÌö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ; áöÃóäøó ÇÑúÊößóÇÈó ÃóÏúäóì ÇáÖøóÑóÑóíúäö íóÕöíÑõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì ÑóÝúÚö ÃóÚúáóÇåõãóÇ¡ ßóÅöíÌóÇÈö ÔõÑúÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö Úóáóì ãóäú ÛõÕøó ÈöáõÞúãóÉò æóäóÍúæöåö. æóæõÌõæÈõ ÇáÖøóãóÇäö Úóáóíúåö ÈöãóÇ íõÝúÓöÏõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÎõÑõæÌö áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÍõÑúãóÉö ÇáúÎõÑõæÌö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÇáÖøóãóÇäõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÖúØóÑøö Ýöí ÇáúãóÎúãóÕóÉö ÈöãóÇ íõÊúáöÝõåõ ÈöÇáúÃóßúáö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóßúáõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÞõÏøöÑó ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍö Èóíúäó ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóÞóØó ÅöäúÓóÇäñ ãöäú ÔóÇåöÞò Úóáóì ÕóÏúÑö ÕóÈöíøò ãóÍúÝõæÝò ÈöÕöÈúíóÇäò æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ Åöäö ÇÓúÊóãóÑøó ÞóÊóáó ãóäú ÊóÍúÊóåõ æóÅöäö ÇäúÊóÞóáó ÞóÊóáó ãóäú íóáöíåö¡ Ýóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ Ãóæú íóÎúáõæ ãöËúáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö Úóäú Íõßúãö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö (2) ¡ æóåõæó Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÊóßúáöíÝöåö ØóáóÈó ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÕóæøõÑó áóåõ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÍóÞøóÞúäóÇåõ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÍóÇáðÇ ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÛóíúÑöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ãõãúßöäðÇ ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÐóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãõÊóÕóæøóÑðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö æóåõæó æóÇÖöÍñ áóÇ ÛõÈóÇÑó Úóáóíúåö.
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(1) ÑóÇÌöÚñ áöãóÏúÎõæáö ÇáäøóÝúíö¡ áóÇ áöáäøóÝúíö. æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÉõ ÃóÈöí åóÇÔöãò Õ 74.
(2) ÝóÑóÖó ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ ßóÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóäú ÓóÈóÞóåõ ÓõÞõæØó ÅöäúÓóÇäò ãöäú ÔóÇåöÞò Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÏúÑö ÎóÇÕøóÉð ãöäú ÕóÛöíÑò áóÇ ßóÈöíÑò¡ æóÞóÏøóÑó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÍúÝõæÝðÇ ÈöÕöÈúíóÇäò ÎóÇÕøóÉð ÍóÊøóì áóÇ Êóßõæäó áóåõãú ÞõæøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÏøóÑó ÃóáøóÇ íóßõæäó Èóíúäóåõãú ÝóÑóÇÛñ íóÊóãóßøóäõ ãöäó ÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇáö Åöáóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó áóÇ íóßõæäõ åõäóÇßó ãóäú íõäúÞöÐõ ÇáúãóæúÞöÝó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÝóÑúÖñ áóÇ íóßóÇÏõ íõæÌóÏõ ÈöÇáúåóíúÆóÉö ÇáúãóÝúÑõæÖóÉö¡ æóãóÇ ÅöÎóÇáõåõ æõÌöÏó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì¡ Ýóåõæó ãõÓúÊóäúßóÑñ¡ æóÃóäúßóÑõ ãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÈöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Îõáõæøö ãóÇ ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ æóÇÞöÚóÉð Ýöí Ùóäøöåö Úóäú Íõßúãö Çááøóåö.

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ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäú ÅöÍóÇáóÉö ØóáóÈö ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÊóÕóæøõÑöåö Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍò¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ áóæú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÊóÕóæøóÑðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö áóãóÇ Úõáöãó ÅöÍóÇáóÊõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÕöÝóÉö ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÝóÑúÚõ ÊóÕóæøõÑö Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóíúÁö æóÇááøóÇÒöãõ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ æóÅöäú Óõáøöãó ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö æóæõÞõæÚöåö ÔóÑúÚðÇ¡ æóÈóíóÇäõåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áöäõæÍò: {Ãóäøóåõ áóäú íõÄúãöäó ãöäú Þóæúãößó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÞóÏú Âãóäó} ÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÄúãöäõ ÛóíúÑõ (1) ãóäú áóãú íõÄúãöäú ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãõßóáøóÝöíäó ÈöÊóÕúÏöíÞöåö ÝöíãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõ Èöåö¡ æóãöäú ÖóÑõæÑóÉö Ðóáößó ÊóßúáöíÝõåõãú ÈöÃóäú áóÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõæåõ ÊóÕúÏöíÞðÇ (2) áóåõ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑöåö Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ßóáøóÝó ÃóÈóÇ áóåóÈò ÈöÊóÕúÏöíÞö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåö. æóãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ áóåóÈò áóÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõåõ áöÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áöäóÈöíøöåö ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóáøóÝóåõ ÈöÊóÕúÏöíÞöåö Ýöí ÅöÎúÈóÇÑöåö ÈöÚóÏóãö ÊóÕúÏöíÞöåö áóåõ æóÝöí Ðóáößó ÊóßúáöíÝõåõ ÈöÊóÕúÏöíÞöåö æóÚóÏóãö ÊóÕúÏöíÞöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóãõäúÏóÝöÚñ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÌóãúÚó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãó ÇáúãõÊóÕóæøóÑó ÇáúãóÍúßõæãó ÈöäóÝúíöåö Úóäö ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÇáúãóÚúáõæãõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí áóíúÓóÊú ãõÊóÖóÇÏøóÉð¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÊóÕóæøõÑöåö ãóäúÝöíøðÇ Úóäö ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö ÊóÕóæøõÑõåõ ËóÇÈöÊðÇ áóåõãóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÏóÞöíÞñ ÝóáúíõÊóÃóãøóáú.
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ æõÌõæÏó ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÊóíúäö ãõØúáóÞðÇ.
ÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÃóÈöí áóåóÈò ÝóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöíåö Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÓóíóÕúáóì äóÇÑðÇ ÐóÇÊó áóåóÈò} æóáóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÚóÏóãö ÊóÕúÏöíÞöåö áöáäøóÈöíøö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÊóÚúÐöíÈõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö Ðóáößó Ãóãúßóäó Íóãúáõ Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÓóíóÕúáóì äóÇÑðÇ ÐóÇÊó áóåóÈò} Úóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóãö ÅöíãóÇäöåö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóäøóåõ áóäú íõÄúãöäó ãöäú Þóæúãößó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÞóÏú Âãóäó} Ãóíú ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóãö åöÏóÇíóÉö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áóåõãú Åöáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íõÏúáö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ðóáößó¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøóåõãú ßõáøöÝõæÇ ÈöÊóÕúÏöíÞö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÊóÕúÏöíÞöåöãú ÈöÊóßúÐöíÈöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö äõÝóÇÉõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö.
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(1) ßóáöãóÉõ (ÛóíúÑõ) ÒóÇÆöÏóÉñ.
(2) ãóÝúÚõæáñ áöÃóÌúáöåö æóÞóÚó ÚöáøóÉð áöÞóæúáöåö: ÊóßúáöíÝõåõãú.

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æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáØøóÑóÝõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: æóåõæó ÈóíóÇäõ ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáö áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáäøóÕøö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÑóÈøóäóÇ æóáóÇ ÊõÍóãøöáúäóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ ØóÇÞóÉó áóäóÇ Èöåö} ÓóÃóáõæÇ ÏóÝúÚó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ áóßóÇäó ãõäúÏóÝöÚðÇ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú Åöáóì ÓõÄóÇáö ÏóÝúÚöåö Úóäúåõãú ÍóÇÌóÉñ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ íõãúßöäõ Íóãúáõ ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì ÓõÄóÇáö ÏóÝúÚö ãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ Ãóäú áóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõãúßöäðÇ æóÅöáøóÇ áóÊóÚóÐøóÑó ÇáÓøõÄóÇáõ ÈöÏóÝúÚö ãóÇ áóÇ ÅöãúßóÇäó áöæõÞõæÚöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ¡ æóÅöãúßóÇäõåõ ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÙóÇåöÑóÉð Ýöíåö Ýóíóßõæäõ ÏóæúÑðÇ.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ßóæúäóåóÇ ÙóÇåöÑóÉð ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ¡ æóáóßöäú Ãóãúßóäó ÊóÃúæöíáõåóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóãúáö Úóáóì ÓõÄóÇáö ÏóÝúÚö ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãóÔóÞøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ íõØóÇÞõ æóíóÌöÈõ ÇáúÍóãúáõ Úóáóíúåö áöãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö áöãóÇ ÓóäóÐúßõÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÅöÑóÇÏóÉó ÏóÝúÚö ãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ áóßöäøóåõ ÍößóÇíóÉõ ÍóÇáö ÇáÏøóÇÚöíäó¡ æóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó Ýöíåö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáÏøóÇÚöíäó¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøó ÌóãöíÚó ÇáÊøóßóÇáöíÝö ÛóíúÑõ ãõØóÇÞóÉò¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÈóÚúÖó Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ íõæÌöÈõ ÅöÈúØóÇáó ÝóÇÆöÏóÉö ÊóÎúÕöíÕöåöãú ÈöÐößúÑö ãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóÇ íõßóáøöÝõäóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó Ýóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÃóÕúáößõãú.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ¡ áóßöäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÇ íõßóáøöÝõ Çááøóåõ äóÝúÓðÇ ÅöáøóÇ æõÓúÚóåóÇ} æóåõæó ÕóÑöíÍñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ æóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÌóÚóáó Úóáóíúßõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö ãöäú ÍóÑóÌò} æóáóÇ ÍóÑóÌó ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö: Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÈöæóÖúÚöåóÇ ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ ÝöíãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÊóÞúÏöíÑõ ÅöãúßóÇäö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Èöåö ÖóÑõæÑóÉó Íóãúáö ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ åöíó ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ Ýöíåö¡ ÍóÐóÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÑúßõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò. (1)
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(1) ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÉö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÑöÖõ¡ ÝóÊóÃóãøóáú.

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æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇáöËö: Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ æóÑóÏóÊú Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÖö ÇáÊøóÞúÑöíÑö áóåõãú æóÇáúÍóËøö Úóáóì ãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáÏøóÚóæóÇÊö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ ÈöÐóáößó áóÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú.
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö: Ãóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßõáøõ ÊóßúáöíÝò ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ÊóßúáöíÝðÇ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ (1) ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ ÊóäúÒöíáõ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö Úóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ íóÊóÚóÐøóÑõ ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäõ Èöåö ãõØúáóÞðÇ Ýöí ÚõÑúÝöåöãú Ïõæäó ãóÇ áóÇ íóÊóÚóÐøóÑõ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÅöÌúÑóÇÁö ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóáóì ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö¡ æóãõæóÇÝóÞóÉõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚõÑúÝö Ýöí ÚõÑúÝöåöãú ÛóÇíóÊõåõ ÅöÎúÑóÇÌõ ãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ ãöãøóÇ åõæó ãõÓúÊóÍöíáñ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö áöÐóÇÊöåö ãöäú Úõãõæãö ÇáúÂíóÉö ; áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ ãöäö ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Èöåö æóÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÓõÄóÇáö ÇáÏøóÝúÚö áöáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ ÊóßúáöíÝó Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÎúÕöíÕñ æóÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕõ Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö ÈöÇáúÂíóÊóíúäö Ãóäøó ÛóÇíóÊóåõãóÇ ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉõ Úóáóì äóÝúíö æõÞõæÚö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó äóÝúíõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúãóÏúáõæáö Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÌóÇäöÈöäóÇ¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍó áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÉö áöÇÚúÊöÖóÇÏöåóÇ ÈöÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí (2) ¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóáóÇ ÎõÑõæÌó áóåóÇ Úóäö ÇáÙøóäøö æóÇáÊøóÎúãöíäö.

æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóæúãó íõßúÔóÝõ Úóäú ÓóÇÞò æóíõÏúÚóæúäó Åöáóì ÇáÓøõÌõæÏö ÝóáóÇ íóÓúÊóØöíÚõæäó} æóåõæó ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöÇáÓøõÌõæÏö ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇáöÇÓúÊöØóÇÚóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ Èöåö Ãóäú áóæú Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÏøóÇÑó ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ åöíó ÏóÇÑõ ãõÌóÇÒóÇÉò áóÇ ÏóÇÑõ ÊóßúáöíÝò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó Ýöíåö ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÍõÌóÌò æóÇåöíóÉò:
ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäúåóÇ: åõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúÝöÚúáó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝó Èöåö Åöäú ßóÇäó ãóÚó ÇÓúÊöæóÇÁö ÏóÇÚöí ÇáúÚóÈúÏö Åöáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáÊøóÑúßö ßóÇäó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ áöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÍõÕõæáö ÇáÑøõÌúÍóÇäö ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍö áöÃóÍóÏö ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ æóÇáúãóÑúÌõæÍõ ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ¡ æóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöåöãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÍóÇáðÇ.
ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÝöÚúáó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÑó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ãõÊóãóßøöäðÇ ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö æóÊóÑúßöåö Ãóæú áóÇ íóßõæäõ¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÊóãóßøöäðÇ ãöäúåõ ÝóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ áóåõ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö íóßõæäõ ÊóßúáöíÝðÇ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÊóãóßøöäðÇ ãöäúåõ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÊóæóÞøóÝó ÊóÑóÌøõÍõ ÝöÚúáöåö Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö Úóáóì ãõÑóÌøöÍò
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(1) áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãóÌúÈõæÑñ ÈóÇØöäðÇ¡ ãõÎúÊóÇÑñ ÙóÇåöÑðÇ.
(2) ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ.

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Ãóæú íóÊóæóÞøóÝó¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÍóÇáñ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ßõáøõ ãóæúÌõæÏò ÍóÇÏöËðÇ åóßóÐóÇ¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÓóÏøõ ÈóÇÈö ÅöËúÈóÇÊö æóÇÌöÈö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ æóÅöäú ÊóæóÞøóÝó¡ ÝóÐóáößó ÇáúãõÑóÌøöÍõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÚóÇÏó ÇáÊøóÞúÓöíãõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÓóáúÓõáñ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÝöÚúáö ÛóíúÑöåö ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÌöÈó æõÞõæÚõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóæú áóÇ íóÌöÈõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÌöÈú ßóÇäó ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ Ãóæú ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÍóÇáñ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÑóÌøöÍõ ãóÇäöÚðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÚóÇÏó ÇáÊøóÞúÓöíãõ ÈöÚóíúäöåö æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó Óöæóì ÇáúæõÌõæÈö¡ æóÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó íóßõæäõ ãóÌúÈõæÑðÇ áóÇ ãõÎóíøóÑðÇ¡ æóåõæó Úóíúäõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Ãóäøó ÞõÏúÑóÉó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÄóËøöÑóÉò Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö (1) æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãõÄóËøöÑóÉð Ýöíåö ÍóÇáó æõÌõæÏöåö¡ æóÝöíåö ÅöíÌóÇÏõ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö Ãóæú ÞóÈúáó æõÌõæÏöåö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÊóÃúËöíÑõ ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáúãóÞúÏõæÑö ãõÛóÇíöÑðÇ áóåõ áöÊóÍóÞøõÞö ÇáÊøóÃúËöíÑö Ýöí ÇáÒøóãóäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ïõæäóåõ. æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóÃúËöíÑö æóÊóÃúËöíÑö ãõÄóËøöÑöåö Ýöíåö ßóÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÓóáúÓõáñ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÄóËøöÑóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ãõßóáøóÝñ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ÞóÈúáó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóæúÌõæÏóÉò ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÝöÚúáö (2) ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ áóæú æõÌöÏóÊú áóßóÇäó áóåóÇ ãõÊóÚóáøöÞñ æóãõÊóÚóáøöÞõåóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÚóÏóãðÇ áöÃóäøóåõ äóÝúíñ ãóÍúÖñ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÃóËóÑðÇ áóåóÇ¡ ÝóßóÇäó æóÌõæÏðÇ æóáóÒöãó ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãóæúÌõæÏóÉð ãóÚó ÇáúÝöÚúáö áóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáö ÇäúÙõÑõæÇ} æóÇáäøóÙóÑõ ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÖóÇíóÇ ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÉö ÞóØúÚðÇ áöáÊøóÓóáúÓõáö¡ æóåöíó ãõÊóæóÞøöÝóÉñ Úóáóì ÊóÕóæøõÑö ãõÝúÑóÏóÇÊöåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÏõæÑóÉö ÇáÊøóÍúÕöíáö ; áöÃóäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöåóÇ ÝóÊóÍúÕöíáõ ÇáúÍóÇÕöáö ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöåóÇ ÝóØóáóÈõåóÇ ãõÍóÇáñ¡ ÝóÇáäøóÙóÑõ íóßõæäõ ãõãúÊóäöÚó ÇáÊøóÍúÕöíáö.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌóÌõ ÖóÚöíÝóÉñ ÌöÏøðÇ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: ÝóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó æõÌõæÏõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö ãóÚó ÑõÌúÍóÇäö ÇáÏøóÇÚöí Åöáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ Þóæúáõåõ: áöÃóäøóåõ ÕóÇÑó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ. ÞõáúäóÇ: ÕóÇÑó æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÈöÇáÏøóÇÚöí Åöáóíúåö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö áóåõ Ãóæú áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÓóáøóãñ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãóãúäõæÚñ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ Ëõãøó íóáúÒóãõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÃóÝúÚóÇáõ ÇáÑøóÈøö ÛóíúÑó ãóÞúÏõæÑóÉò ÈöÚóíúäö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ ÝóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú ÃóÝúÚóÇáö Çááøóåö íóßõæäõ ãõÔúÊóÑößðÇ.
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(1) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö Ãóæøóáó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö Õ 134.
(2) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö Ãóæøóáó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö Õ 134.

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æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ Ýóåöíó ÈöÚóíúäöåóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ áóÇÒöãóÉñ Úóáóì ÃóÝúÚóÇáö Çááøóåö ; ÅöÐú Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÝöÚúáõ Çááøóåö¡ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ãõÊóãóßøöäðÇ ãöäúåõ Ãóæú íóßõæäó¡ æóåõæó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÝúÊóÞöÑó Åöáóì ãõÑóÌøöÍò Ãóæú áóÇ¡ æóÅöäö ÇÝúÊóÞóÑó Åöáóì ãõÑóÌøöÍò: ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö ÚóÇÏó ÇáÊøóÞúÓöíãõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÌöÈó æõÞõæÚõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö ãóÚóåõ Ãóæú áóÇ íóÌöÈõ¡ æóåóáõãøó ÌóÑøðÇ Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö¡ æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ íóßõæäõ ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÃóíúÖðÇ áóÇÒöãóÉñ Úóáóì ÃóÝúÚóÇáö Çááøóåö ãóÚó ÃóäøóåóÇ ãóÞúÏõæÑóÉñ áóåõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ. (1) æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÞõÏúÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÈøö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÍóÇÏöËóÉð ãóæúÌõæÏóÉð ãóÚó ÝöÚúáöåö áóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÚó ÅöÍóÇáóÊöåö ÝóÞóÇÆöáõ åóÐöåö ÇáØøóÑöíÞóÉö ÛóíúÑõ ÞóÇÆöáò Èöåö¡ æóÈóíóÇäõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóæú æõÌöÏóÊú ÞõÏúÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÈøö ÞóÈúáó æõÌõæÏö ÝöÚúáöåö áóßóÇäó áóåóÇ ãõÊóÚóáøöÞñ æóáóíúÓó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞóåóÇ ÇáúÚóÏóãõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ ÈöÚóíúäö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: ÝóÃóÔóÏøõ ÖóÚúÝðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÞóÈúáóåóÇ ; ÅöÐú åöíó ãóÈúäöíøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇßúÊöÓóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÕóæøõÑóÇÊö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÈúØóáúäóÇåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÏóÞóÇÆöÞö ÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞö " ÅöÈúØóÇáðÇ áóÇ ÑöíÈóÉó Ýöíåö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íóÍúÊóãöáõåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ¡ ÝóÚóáóì ÇáäøóÇÙöÑö ÈöãõÑóÇÌóÚóÊöåö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú áóÇ Êóßõæäó ÇáÊøóÕóæøõÑóÇÊõ ãõßúÊóÓóÈóÉð¡ ÝóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöåóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö. æóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö ÇáúãõÓúÊóäöÏö Åöáóì ãóÇ íóäúÞóØöÚõ ÇáÊøóÓóáúÓõáõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãóÇÊö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÉö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÊóßúáöíÝðÇ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÚúáõæãñ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÓúáóßóÇäö:
ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇáöÞò áöÝöÚúáöåö ÝóßóÇäó ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöÝöÚúáö ÛóíúÑöåö (2) æóåõæó ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóÈóíóÇäõ Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇáöÞò áöÝöÚúáöåö: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÎóÇáöÞðÇ áöÝöÚúáöåö ÝóáóíúÓó ÎóÇáöÞðÇ áóåõ ÈöÇáÐøóÇÊö æóÇáØøóÈúÚö ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ Èóáú ÈöÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö¡ æóÇáúÎóÇáöÞõ ÈöÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ãõÎóÕøöÕðÇ áöãóÎúáõæÞöåö ÈöÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ßóæúäöåö ãõÑöíÏðÇ áóåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ Èöåö ÖóÑõæÑóÉð¡ æóÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÛóíúÑõ ÚóÇáöãò
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(1) ÃóÌóÇÈó Úóäö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö æóÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö ÈöÇáäøóÞúÖö ; ÍóíúËõ Èóíøóäó Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáóíúäö æõÌöÏó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÍöáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö ÝóÊóÎóáøóÝóÊú Úóäúåõ ÇáäøóÊöíÌóÉõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ.
(2) ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí Õ 134 ÈóíóÇäõ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöÝöÚúáö ÛóíúÑöåö.

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ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÃóÌúÒóÇÁö ÍóÑóßóÇÊöåö Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÍóÇáóÇÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉö ÅöÓúÑóÇÚöåö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÎóÇáöÞðÇ áóåóÇ. (1) ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Åöäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáÓøóáóÝö ãõäúÚóÞöÏñ ÞóÈúáó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝöíäó ãöäó ÇáËøóäóæöíøóÉö Úóáóì Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõßóáøöÝñ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö áöãóäú Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÄúãöäõ ßóãóäú ãóÇÊó Úóáóì ßõÝúÑöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöíáõ æõÞõæÚõåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóæú æóÞóÚó áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Úöáúãõ ÇáúÈóÇÑöí ÊóÚóÇáóì ÌóåúáðÇ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÎúáõÞõåõ ãöäú ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö¡ áóßöäú ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö Ãóæú ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì äóÝúíöåö æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãóãúäõæÚñ. æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇáöÞò áöÝöÚúáöåö áóßöäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÎóáúÞöåö áóåõ¡ æóÏóáöíáõåõ: ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ: Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÞõÏúÑóÉó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãöäøóÇ æóãöäúßõãú Úóáóì ÝöÚúáöåö¡ Ýóáóæú áóãú Êóßõäú åöíó ÇáúãõÄóËøöÑóÉó Ýöíåö áóÇäúÊóÝóì ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÞúÏõæÑö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúãõÄóËøöÑõ ÛóíúÑó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ æõÌõæÏõ ãóÞúÏõæÑò Èóíúäó ÞóÇÏöÑóíúäö (2) æóáóãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóæöíøö æóÇáÖøóÚöíÝö¡ æóáóÌóÇÒó Ãóäú Êßõæäó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞóåõ (3) ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇåöÑö æóÇáúÃóáúæóÇäö ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóáóßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ãõÖúØóÑøðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÎõáöÞó Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö áóÇ ãõÎúÊóÇÑðÇ¡
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(1) åóÐóÇ ÍöÌóÇÌñ ãóÚó ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝöíäó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÎóáúÞö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö áöÝöÚúáö äóÝúÓöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóäóÍúæöåöãú¡ ÝóáóÇ íóäúåóÖõ ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ãóäú ÞóÇáó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉ ÈöãóäúÚö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáö áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáö ÚóÇÏóÉð¡ Ãóæú áöØóÇÑöÆò ãöäó ÇáúÂÝóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÞúÚõÏõ ÈöÇáúãõßóáøóÝö Úóäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇáöÞò áöÝöÚúáöåö áóßöäøóåõ ßóÇÓöÈñ áóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Õ 134¡ æóíóßúÝöí Ýöí ÊóÍúÕöíáöåö áöãõÊóÚóáøöÞö ÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóßóÓúÈöåö áóåõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ Èöåö æóÇáúÞóÕúÏõ Åöáóíúåö ÅöÌúãóÇáðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÕóÇÑó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÚóÇÏóÉð áóåõ¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÕöíÑó ÚóÇÏóÉð áóåõ Ýóåõæó ÚóÇáöãñ ÈöÊóÝúÕöíáö ÝöÚúáöåö¡ ãõÑöíÏñ áöÃóÌúÒóÇÆöåö æóÂÍóÇÏöåö Ýöí ÍõÏõæÏö ØóÇÞóÊöåö ; æóáöÐóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö ãöäó ÇáäøóÞúÕö æóÇáúÎóáóáö ÈöÞóÏúÑö ÞõÕõæÑöåö Ýöí Úöáúãöåö æóÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö æóÛóÝúáóÊöåö¡ æóÞõæøóÊöåö æóÖóÚúÝöåö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö áößõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÇÓúÊöÞúáóÇáðÇ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÅöÍúßóÇãö æóÊóãóÇãö ÇáúÅöÈúÏóÇÚö¡ áößóãóÇáö Úöáúãöåö æóÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö æóÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÃóÓúãóÇÆöåö æóÕöÝóÇÊöåö.
(2) ÞõÏúÑóÉõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãõÄóËøöÑóÉñ ÈöÅöÞúÏóÇÑö Çááøóåö áóåõ¡ æóÊóãúßöíäöåö ÅöíøóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö áóÇ ÇÓúÊöÞúáóÇáðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ ÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÞúÏõæÑö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÄóËøöÑõ Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞó ÞõÏúÑóÊöåö ÇáúßóÓúÈõ æóÇáÊøóÓóÈøõÈõ¡ æóãõÊóÚóáøöÞó ÞõÏúÑóÉö Çááøóåö ÅöÞúÏóÇÑõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏö æóÊóãúßöíäõåõ¡ æóÊóÑúÊöíÈõ ÇáúÂËóÇÑö Úóáóì ÝöÚúáöåö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ æõÞõæÚõ ãóÞúÏõæÑò Èóíúäó ÞóÇÏöÑóíúäö¡ æóÈöãóÇ ÐõßöÑó íõÚúÑóÝõ ãóäúÚõ ÈóÞöíøóÉö ÇááøóÇÒöãóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö ÈöÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö.
(3) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ãõÊóÚóáøöÞóÉð.

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æóáóÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íóÕúÏõÑó Úóäö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÃóÝúÚóÇáñ ãóÍúßóãóÉñ ÈóÏöíÚóÉñ æóåõæó áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóãóÇ ÇäúÞóÓóãó ÝöÚúáõåõ Åöáóì ØóÇÚóÉò æóãóÚúÕöíóÉò ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö¡ æóáóßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÖóÑøó Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãöäú ÅöÈúáöíÓó ; ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ ÎóáóÞó Ýöíåö ÇáúßõÝúÑó æóÚóÇÞóÈóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÅöÈúáöíÓõ ÏóÇÚò áóÇ ÛóíúÑõ¡ æóáóãóÇ ÍóÓõäó ÔõßúÑõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏö æóáóÇ Ðóãøõåõ Úóáóì ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö æóáóÇ ÃóãúÑõåõ æóáóÇ äóåúíõåõ æóáóÇ ÚöÞóÇÈõåõ æóáóÇ ËóæóÇÈõåõ¡ æóáóßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÂãöÑðÇ áöáúÚóÈúÏö ÈöÝöÚúáö äóÝúÓöåö æóåõæó ÞóÈöíÍñ ãóÚúÏõæÏñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáúÌóåúáö æóÇáúÍõãúÞö¡ æóáóßóÇäó ÇáúßõÝúÑõ æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ãöäú ÞóÖóÇÁö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÞóÏóÑöåö¡ æóåõæó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÞøðÇ Ãóæú ÈóÇØöáðÇ: ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ ÝóÇáúßõÝúÑõ ÍóÞøñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÇØöáðÇ ÝóÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈóÇØöáñ. æóáóßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÅöãøóÇ ÑóÇÖöíðÇ Èöåö ÑóÇÖò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó ÑóÇÖò¡ æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÑøöÖóÇ ÈöÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáËøóÇäöí íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáÑøöÖóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóÇáúßõáøõ ãõÍóÇáñ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöäøöí áóÛóÝøóÇÑñ áöãóäú ÊóÇÈó æóÂãóäó æóÚóãöáó ÕóÇáöÍðÇ} ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóãú ÍóÓöÈó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÌúÊóÑóÍõæÇ ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö} ¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÇÚúãóáõæÇ æóÞóÇÑöÈõæÇ æóÓóÏøöÏõæÇ» "¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «äöíøóÉõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú Úóãóáöåö» " Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì äöÓúÈóÉö ÇáúÚóãóáö Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö.
æóÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁõ ãõÊóæóÇÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÅöÖóÇÝóÉö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú: ÝõáóÇäñ ÝóÚóáó ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÊóÚóáøõÞó Úöáúãö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóæú ÈöÚóÏóãöåö ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöæõÌõæÏö ãóÇ Úóáöãó æõÌõæÏóåõ æóÇãúÊöäóÇÚö æõÌõæÏö ãóÇ Úóáöãó ÚóÏóãóåõ¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐóáößó.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóíóáúÒóãõåõ ãõÍóÇáóÇÊñ: æóåõæó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ åõæó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉó¡ Ãóæú Ãóäú íõÓúÊóÛúäóì Èöåö Úóäö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÞóÇÏöÑðÇ Úóáóì ÅöíÌóÇÏö ÔóíúÁò Ãóæú ÚóÏóãöåö¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó áöáÑøóÈøö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑñ¡ æóáóÇ áöáúÚóÈúÏö Ýöí æõÌõæÏö ÝöÚúáò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö áößóæúäöåö æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö Ãóæú ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáúæõÌõæÏö æóáóÇ áöáúÚóÏóãö ÝóÞóÏú ÈóØóáó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ¡ æóÅöäú Óõáøöãó Ðóáößó áóßöäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑöÖñ ÈöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö æóÇáäøóÞúáöíøóÉö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúãóÓúáóßö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÝöÚúáó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞó áöáúÚóÈúÏö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÎóáúÞöåö áóåõ ãóÎúáõæÞñ ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÃóÌúÒóÇÆöåö¡ æóßõáøõ ÌõÒúÁò ãöäúåõ ãóÎúáõæÞñ áóåõ ÈöÇäúÝöÑóÇÏöåö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäú

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íóßõæäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ Èöåö áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÚóÇáöãò áöãóÇ ÍóÞøóÞúäóÇåõ (1) .
æóÚóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÈöãóäúÚö ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÞúÏõæÑö æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ æõÌõæÏõ ãóÞúÏõæÑò Èóíúäó ÞóÇÏöÑóíúäö ÎóÇáöÞóíúäö Ãóæú ãõßúÊóÓöÈóíúäö¡ ÃóãøóÇ Èóíúäó ÎóÇáöÞò æóãõßúÊóÓöÈò Ýóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò. (2) æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇáöËö: ÈöÃóäøó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóæöíøö æóÇáÖøóÚöíÝö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó æóÇÞöÚñ Ýöí ßóËúÑóÉö ãóÇ íóÎúáõÞõåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãöäó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÞúÏõæÑóÇÊö Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÔøóÎúÕóíúäö Ïõæäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÃúËöíÑö.
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú áóæú ßóÇäó ÊóÚóáøõÞõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇåöÑö æóÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÖö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ßóæúäöåö ÛóíúÑó ãõÄóËøöÑò ÝöíåóÇ (3) ¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ãõÖúØóÑøðÇ Ãóäú áóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÝöÚúáõåõ ãõßúÊóÓóÈðÇ áóåõ æóãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóÃúËöíÑö ÚóÏóãõ ÇáöÇßúÊöÓóÇÈö. (4) æóÚóäö ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓö: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäú ÊóáóÇÒõãö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÔøóíúÁö æóÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö. (5) æóÚóäö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚö: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöÇäúÞöÓóÇãö ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö Åöáóì ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö æóÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö ÛóíúÑó ßóæúäöåö ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ æóãóäúåöíøðÇ Úóäú åóÐóÇ áößóÓúÈöåö¡ æóåõæó ßóÐóáößó.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇãöäö: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇÒöãñ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáöåöãú ÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÊøóãóßøõäó (6) ãöäó ÇáúßõÝúÑö ÈöÎóáúÞö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóíúåö ÃóÖóÑøõ ãöäó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÚóÈúÏö¡ ÝóãóÇ åõæó ÌóæóÇÈñ áóåõãú åõæó ÌóæóÇÈõäóÇ.
æóÚóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáäøóåúíö æóÇáÔøõßúÑö æóÇáÐøóãøö æóÇáËøóæóÇÈö æóÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö¡ æóÇáúÃóãúÑö áöáúÚóÈúÏö ÈöãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÝöÚúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÈöÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäú ÊóÞúÈöíÍö Ðóáößó ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÇÏöÑðÇ ÛóíúÑó ãõÄóËøöÑò¡ ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøóåõ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÍúÓöíäö æóÇáÊøóÞúÈöíÍö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö æóÞóÏú ÃóÈúØóáúäóÇåõ. (7) æóÚóäö ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö ÈöÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö æóÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁó ÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãö æóÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöÑóÇÚö¡ æóÇäúÞöÖóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÌóáö¡ æóÅöáúÒóÇãö ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ æóÊóæúÝöíóÉö ÇáúÍõÞõæÞö¡ æóÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö¡ áõÛóÉð.
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(1) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö Õ 141
(2) ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ãóäøó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÊóíúäö ãõÎúÊóáöÝñ
(3) ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúÅöÍóÇØóÉõ Èöåö æóÈöÃóÍúæóÇáöåö æóßóÔúÝõåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó Úóáóíúåö æóáóíúÓó ÕöÝóÉó ÊóÃúËöíÑò.
(4) Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÚóÏóãó ÇáÊøóÃúËöíÑö ÇÓúÊöÞúáóÇáðÇ ÝóÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó äóÝúíó ÇáÊøóÃúËöíÑö ãõØúáóÞðÇ áóÒöãó äóÝúíõ ÇáöÇßúÊöÓóÇÈö.
(5) áóÚóáøó Ýöíåö ÓõÞõæØðÇ¡ æóÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ: áóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÊóáóÇÒõãö ÅöáóÎú. ÅöÐú åõæó ÊóÓúáöíãñ áöáúãõáóÇÒóãóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉö.
(6) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ÇáÊøóãúßöíäõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÌóæóÇÈñ ÅöáúÒóÇãöíøñ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÎóÕúãö.
(7) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ ÝöíåöãóÇ Ýöí ãóÈúÍóËö ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö.

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æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ãöäú ÞóÖóÇÆöåö ÈöÌóãöíÚö åóÐöåö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑóÇÊö æóåõæó ÍóÞøñ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßõÝúÑõ ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäú ÞóÖóÇÆöåö ÈöãóÚúäóì ßóæúäöåö ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ Èóáú ÈöãóÚúäóì ÎóáúÞöåö æóÅöÑóÇÏóÉö æõÞõæÚöåö¡ æóåõæó ÍóÞøñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö ÃóíúÖðÇ. (1) æóÚóäö ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö ÈöÇáÑøöÖóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÇÖò ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóÛóíúÑõ ÑóÇÖò ÈöÇáúßõÝúÑö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö ÈöÃóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÛóÇíóÊõåõ ÅöÖóÇÝóÉõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð¡ æóäóÍúäõ äóÞõæáõ Èöåö ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÝóÇÚöáó ÚöäúÏóäóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö åõæó ãóäú æóÞóÚó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áóåõ (2) ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäó ÇáúãõæÌöÏö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúáóßö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÈöÃóäøó ÊóÚóáøõÞó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöæõÌõæÏö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÈöãõáóÇÒóãóÉö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÇáúãóÞúÏõæÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ æóÌõæÏõåõ ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áóÇ ÛóíúÑó ãóÞúÏõæÑò¡ æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóãö.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Ýöí ÍóÞøö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóáóÇ ÓóáúÈó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÚóÈöíÏõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ Úõáöãó æõÞõæÚõ ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áöáúÚóÈúÏö¡ æóÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÇÊõ ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚóäúåóÇ.

[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ áóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÔóÑúØõåõ ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÔóÑúØõåõ (3) ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö¡ Èóáú áóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäú æõÑõæÏö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö æóÊóÞúÏöíãö (4) ÔóÑóØöåö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó ÌóÇÆöÒñ ÚóÞúáðÇ æóæóÇÞöÚñ ÓóãúÚðÇ.
ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÃóßúËóÑö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÑøóÃúíö æóÃóÈöí ÍóÇãöÏò ÇáúÅöÓúÝöÑóÇíöíäöíøö ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÊóßúáöíÝö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÈöÝõÑõæÚö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÍóÇáóÉó ßõÝúÑöåöãú.
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(1) ÃóãúËöáóÉõ ÅöØúáóÇÞóÇÊö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö ßóãóÇ íóáöí: 1 - (æóÞóÖóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúåö Ðóáößó ÇáúÃóãúÑó) ÇáúÂíóÉó. 2 - (æóÞóÖóì ÑóÈøõßó ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöíøóÇåõ) . 3 - (ÝóÞóÖóÇåõäøó ÓóÈúÚó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊò Ýöí íóæúãóíúäö) . 4 - (Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÖóì äóÍúÈóåõ) . 5 - (æóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöãõÄúãöäò æóáóÇ ãõÄúãöäóÉò ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÖóì Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóãúÑðÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áóåõãõ ÇáúÎöíóÑóÉõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãú) . æóÞóÖóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ. ÞóÖóì Ïóíúäóåõ¡ æóÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóãúËöáóÉö íóÊóÈóíøóäõ Ãóäøó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÑóÇÌöÚñ áöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝ ÇáÊøóÚúÏöíóÉö æóÇááøõÒõæãö æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ãóÏúÎõæáöåóÇ æóÇáúÍóÑúÝö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÚóÏøóÊú Èöåö.
(2) ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóäú æóÞóÚó ãöäúåõ ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ÈöÞõÏúÑóÊöåö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú ãõÓúÊóãóÏøóÉð ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö.
(3) Ãóíú: ÔóÑúØõ ÕöÍøóÊöåö Ýöí ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ áóÇ ÔóÑúØõ æõÌõæÈöåö¡ ßóÇáúÈõáõæÛö áöáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÔøóÑúØõ ÇááøõÛóæöíøõ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÊóÍöíøóÉö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö¡ ÝóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì æõÌõæÏöåöãóÇ.
(4) ãóÚúØõæÝñ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì ÊóßúáöíÝõ ÇáÔøóÎúÕö ÈöÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö ßóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíãö ÔóÑúØö ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ ßóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Úóáóì ÃóÏóÇÆöåóÇ.

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æóÏóáöíáõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÎóÇØóÈó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ ÇáúßóÇÝöÑó ÇáúãõÊóãóßøöäó ãöäú Ýóåúãö ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö æóÞóÇáó áóåõ: " ÃóæúÌóÈúÊõ Úóáóíúßó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÎóãúÓó ÇáúãóÔúÑõæØó ÕöÍøóÊõåóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóÃóæúÌóÈúÊõ Úóáóíúßó ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäó ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ãõÞóÏøóãðÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ " áóãú íóáúÒóãú ãöäúåõ áöÐóÇÊöåö ãõÍóÇáñ ÚóÞúáðÇ æóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöáúÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö Óöæóì åóÐóÇ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÇáúãóÔúÑõæØóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÍóÇáóÉó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Ãóæú ÍóÇáóÉó ÚóÏóãöåö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóáóÇ ÊóßúáöíÝó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÇáóÉó ÚóÏóãöåö Ýóåõæó ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöãóÇ åõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÌóÇÆöÒò ÚóÞúáðÇ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÈöÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúßöäö ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáöº áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÃóÏóÇÆöåóÇ ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ æóÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÃóÏóÇÆöåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ áößóæúäöåö ãõÓúÞöØðÇ áóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóãóÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇãúÊöËóÇáõåõ ÝóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ Èöåö ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ æóáóãú íóÞõáú Èöåö ÞóÇÆöáñ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÊóßúáöíÝöåö ÈöÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáúßõÝúÑö Ãóäú áóæú ßóÇäó ÊóßúáöíÝõåõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÅöáúÒóÇãöåö ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäó ÈöåóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ Èóáú ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÃóÕóÑøó Úóáóì ÇáúßõÝúÑö ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊó æóáóãú íóÃúÊö ÈöåóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö æóáóÇ ÅöÍóÇáóÉó Ýöíåö.
æóÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÑúÝö íóäúÏóÝöÚõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÃóíúÖðÇ.
ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøó ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúÊóäöÚò Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚó ÃóÓúÞóØóåõ ÊóÑúÛöíÈðÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøõÎõæáö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÈöÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ íóÌõÈøõ ãóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ» " æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøö¡ ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ ÃóæúÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö ÝöÚúáó ãóÇ ÝóÇÊóåõ Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÑöÏøóÊöåö áöíóßõæäó Ðóáößó ãóÇäöÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáÑøöÏøóÉö (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæõÞõæÚõ ÔóÑúÚðÇ ÝóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøóÕøõ æóÇáúÍõßúãõ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ Ýóãöäú æõÌõæåò ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóãú íóßõäö ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó} Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÃõãöÑõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ áöíóÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ãõÎúáöÕöíäó áóåõ ÇáÏøöíäó ÍõäóÝóÇÁó æóíõÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóíõÄúÊõæÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó} æóÇáÖøóãöíÑõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: (æóãóÇ ÃõãöÑõæÇ) ÚóÇÆöÏñ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑöíäó ÃóæøóáðÇ æóåõæó ÕóÑöíÍñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö.
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(1) Ãóíú: ÃóæúÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÑöÏøóÊöåö Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóæúÏóÉö áöáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãóÇ ÝóÇÊóåõ Òóãóäó ÇáÑøöÏøóÉö.

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æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóÇ ÕóÏøóÞó æóáóÇ Õóáøóì - æóáóßöäú ßóÐøóÈó æóÊóæóáøóì} Ðóãøñ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöÇáúßõáøö áóãóÇ Ðõãøó Úóáóíúåö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íóÏúÚõæäó ãóÚó Çááøóåö ÅöáóåðÇ ÂÎóÑó æóáóÇ íóÞúÊõáõæäó ÇáäøóÝúÓó ÇáøóÊöí ÍóÑøóãó Çááøóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóáóÇ íóÒúäõæäó æóãóäú íóÝúÚóáú Ðóáößó íóáúÞó ÃóËóÇãðÇ - íõÖóÇÚóÝú áóåõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö æóíóÎúáõÏú Ýöíåö ãõåóÇäðÇ} Íõßúãñ ÈöãõÖóÇÚóÝóÉö ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö Úóáóì ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö æóÇáÒøöäóì ãöäú ÌõãúáóÊöåö.
æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÍóÑøóãñ Úóáóíúåö æóãóäúåöíøñ Úóäúåõ áóãóÇ ÃóËøóãóåõ Èöåö¡ æóåóÐöåö ÍõÌøóÉñ Úóáóì ãóäú äóÝóì ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáäøóåúíö Ïõæäó ãóäú ÌóæøóÒó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÈöÇáäøóåúíö Ïõæäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö (1) .
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáöáøóåö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÍöÌøõ ÇáúÈóíúÊö ãóäö ÇÓúÊóØóÇÚó Åöáóíúåö ÓóÈöíáðÇ} æóÇáúßóÇÝöÑõ ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöíåö áößóæúäöåö ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóæóíúáñ áöáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íõÄúÊõæäó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó} áóßöäú ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáÒøóßóÇÉö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Þóæúáõ: {áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ} (2)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóÇ Óóáóßóßõãú Ýöí ÓóÞóÑó - ÞóÇáõæÇ áóãú äóßõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÕóáøöíäó - æóáóãú äóßõ äõØúÚöãõ ÇáúãöÓúßöíäó} æóáóæú áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ÞóÏú ßõáøöÝõæÇ ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áóãóÇ ÚõæÞöÈõæÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: åóÐöåö ÍößóÇíóÉõ Þóæúáö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ æóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÍõÌøóÉð áóßöäú Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäú Þóæúáöåöãú: {áóãú äóßõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÕóáøöíäó} Ãóíú ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó.
æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «äõåöíÊõ Úóäú ÞóÊúáö ÇáúãõÕóáøöíäó» " æóÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÊóßúÐöíÈöåöãú Èöíóæúãö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÛóáöØó ÈöÅöÖóÇÝóÉö ÊóÑúßö ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö Åöáóíúåö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõÖóÇÝðÇ Åöáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áóßöäú áóÇ Åöáóì ÊóÑúßöåóÇ¡ Èóáú Åöáóì ÅöÎúÑóÇÌöåöãú ÃóäúÝõÓóåõãú Úóäö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÞõÈúÍö ÊóÑúßöåóÇ ÈöÊóÑúßö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áóßöäú Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑðÇ Úóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó ÊóÑóßõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÍóÇáóÉó ÑöÏøóÊöåöãú æóÐóáößó ãóÍóáøõ ÇáúæöÝóÇÞö.
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(1) ÅöÔóÇÑóÉð Åöáóì Þóæúáò ËóÇáöËò ãöäó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö æóåõæó ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáäøóåúíö áöÚóÏóãö ÊóæóÞøõÝöåö Úóáóì ÇáäøöíøóÉö¡ æóãóäúÚõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö áöÊóæóÞøõÝö ÇãúÊöËóÇáöåö Úóáóì ÇáäøöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö æóäóÍúæöåö.
(2) ÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇßñ Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö ÈöÈóíóÇäö Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉõ ãöäó ÇáÔøöÑúßö áóÇ ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉõ.

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æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú Þóæúáöåöãú Åöäøóåõ ÍößóÇíóÉõ Þóæúáö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö Ãóäøó ÚõáóãóÇÁó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÐóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÊóÕúÏöíÞõåõãú ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáõæåõ æóÇáÊøóÍúÐöíÑõ áöÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú Ðóáößó.
æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÊóÚúÐöíÈõåõãú ÈöÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈö Èöíóæúãö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÞóÏú ÚõØöÝó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ.
æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõ ÇáúãóÚúØõæÝö æóÇáúãóÚúØõæÝö Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÍõßúãö.
æóÚóäú Íóãúáö áóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÕóáøöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÑúßñ áöáÙøóÇåöÑö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò¡ æóÅöäú Ãóãúßóäó ÊóÃúæöíáõ áóÝúÙö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÝóÈöãóÇÐóÇ äóÊóÃóæøóáõ Þóæúáóåõ: {æóáóãú äóßõ äõØúÚöãõ ÇáúãöÓúßöíäó} ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÅöØúÚóÇãõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö - (1) - ÇáÊøóÚúÐöíÈö Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÅöØúÚóÇãò áóíúÓó ÈöæóÇÌöÈò.
æóÚóäú Þóæúáöåöãú ÈöÊóÛúáöíÙö ÚóÐóÇÈö ÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈö ÈöÅöÖóÇÝóÉö ÊóÑúßö ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö Åöáóíúåö ÃóäøóåóÇ áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ãõÈóÇÍóÉð áóãóÇ ÛõáøöÙó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ ÈöåóÇ.
æóÚóäú Þóæúáöåöãú ÈöÇáÊøóÚúÐöíÈö ÈöÅöÎúÑóÇÌö ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú Úóäö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÞõÈúÍö ÊóÑúßö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÑúßñ áöáÙøóÇåöÑö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáÊøóÓúæöíóÉó Èóíúäó ßóÇÝöÑò ÇÑúÊóßóÈó ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö æóÈóíúäó ãóäú áóãú íõÈóÇÔöÑú ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäúåóÇ áöÇÓúÊöæóÇÆöåöãóÇ ÝöíãóÇ Þöíáó¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÍóãúáö Úóáóì ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÈöáóÝúÙöåóÇ ÚóÇãøóÉñ Ýöí ßõáøö ÇáúãõÌúÑöãöíäó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑöíäó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {íóÊóÓóÇÁóáõæäó - Úóäö ÇáúãõÌúÑöãöíäó} æóåõæó ÚóÇãøñ Ýöí ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÊóÎúÕöíÕõåóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò.
åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáäøõÕõæÕö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö¡ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøóåõ áóæö ÇãúÊóäóÚó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÔóÑúØö ÇáúÝöÚúáö - (2) - áóÇãúÊóäóÚó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ æóáóßóÇäó ãóäú ÊóÑóßó ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉó æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÃóÈóÏðÇ áóÇ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ æóáóÇ íõÐóãøõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ Èóáú ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÊöãøõ ÇáØøöåóÇÑóÉõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö.
æóÐóáößó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö.

[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó áóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ßóÓúÈö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãöäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó áóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ßóÓúÈö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãöäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóßóÝøö ÇáäøóÝúÓö Úóäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÝöÚúáñ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÃóÈöí åóÇÔöãò - (3) - Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: Åöäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÈöÃóäú áóÇ íóÝúÚóáó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ãóÚó ÞóØúÚö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Úóäö ÇáÊøóáóÈøõÓö ÈöÖöÏøö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóÐóáößó áóíúÓó ÈöÝöÚúáò.
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(1) Ãóíú: Ýöí ÍößúãóÉö Çááøóåö æóÚóÏúáöåö æóÑóÍúãóÊöåö ÈöÚöÈóÇÏöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ßóÊóÈó Ðóáößó Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÊõÝóÖøõáðÇ æóÅöÍúÓóÇäðÇ ãöäúåõ Åöáóíúåöãú.
(2) Ãóíú: ÔóÑúØõ ÕöÍøóÊöåö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
(3) ÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ Õ

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ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãõæäó ÈöÃóäøó ãõãúÊóËöáó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ãõØöíÚñ¡ æóÇáØøóÇÚóÉõ ÍóÓóäóÉñ¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäóÉõ ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãóÉñ áöáËøóæóÇÈö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóäú ÌóÇÁó ÈöÇáúÍóÓóäóÉö Ýóáóåõ ÚóÔúÑõ ÃóãúËóÇáöåóÇ} æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áöíóÌúÒöíó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÓóÇÁõæÇ ÈöãóÇ ÚóãöáõæÇ æóíóÌúÒöíó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÍúÓóäõæÇ ÈöÇáúÍõÓúäóì} æóáóÇ ÝöÚúáó ÚóÏóãñ ãóÍúÖñ æóáóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ æóãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú ßóÓúÈö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö æóáóÇ ãõÊóÚóáøöÞö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú ßóÓúÈö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõËóÇÈðÇ Úóáóíúåö áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃóäú áóíúÓó áöáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÓóÚóì} .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÃóãúÑðÇ æõÌõæÏöíøðÇ æóáóÇ ÐóÇÊðÇ ËóÇÈöÊóÉð¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ Èöåö æóíóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáõ Èöåö ØóÇÚóÉð æóÍóÓóäóÉð ãõËóÇÈðÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ãóäú áóæú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áöáúÚóÈúÏö æóãõßúÊóÓóÈðÇ áóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓúáöãò ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö Þóæúáóíúåö (1) .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãõæäó: ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ßóÐóáößó ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞñ ÞóÈúáó ÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö (2) æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÏõæÑò áöáúÚóÈúÏö ÞóÈúáó ÎóáúÞö ÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóåõæó ãõÓúÊóãöÑøñ Åöáóì ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÎóáúÞö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áöáúÚóÈúÏö æóáóÇ ãõßúÊóÓóÈðÇ áóåõ¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Èöåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó.
ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó áöáúÎóÕúãö Ãóäú íóÞõæáó¡ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ßóæúäö ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö Úóáóì ÎóáúÞö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö ÛóíúÑó ãóÞúÏõæÑò Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÞóÇÑóäõ ãöäúåõ ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ (3) .

[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ÞóÈúáó ÍõÏõæËöåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ÞóÈúáó ÍõÏõæËöåö Óöæóì ÔõÐõæÐò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóÚóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚöåö ÈóÚúÏó ÍõÏõæËö ÇáúÝöÚúáö.
æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÊóÚóáøõÞöåö Èöåö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÒóãóÇäö ÍõÏõæËöåö ÝóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ¡ æóäóÝóÇåõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ.
ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÝöÚúáó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÒóãóÇäö ÍõÏõæËöåö ãóÞúÏõæÑñ ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ Þöíáó ÈöÊóÞóÏøõãö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóíúåö ßóãóÇ åõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ Ãóãú ÈöæõÌõæÏöåóÇ ãóÚó æõÌõæÏöåö ßóãóÇ åõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ (4) æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ Ãóãúßóäó ÊóÚóáøõÞõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Èöåö:
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(1) ÌóæóÇÈõ Þóæúáöåö: ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó.
(2) ãõÑóÇÏõåõãõ ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóæúÝöíÞö¡ áóÇ ÇáøóÊöí ÈöãóÚúäóì ÊóæóÝøõÑö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö æóÇáúÂáóÇÊö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóÈöÐóáößó íóßõæäõ ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áöáúÚóÈúÏö.
(3) Èóáú áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóæúÝöíÞö ÇáúãõÞóÇÑöäóÉö áöáúÝöÚúáö ÃóáøóÇ Êóßõæäó ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ áóíúÓóÊú ãóäóÇØðÇ áöáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÊóæóÝøõÑö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ÍóÇáó ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóåöíó ãóäóÇØõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö.
(4) ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞó Õ 134. 8

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ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÊóÚóáøõÞö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Èöåö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÒóãóÇäö ÍõÏõæËöåö íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÅöíÌóÇÏö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
ÞõáúäóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÅöíÌóÇÏö ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÈöãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ.
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãóãúäõæÚñ. æóÇáËøóÇäöí¡ ÝóÏóÚúæóì ÅöÍóÇáóÊöåö äóÝúÓõ ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ Ëõãøó íóáúÒóãõåõãú ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÒóãóÇäö ÍõÏõæËöåö ÃóËóÑðÇ áöáúÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáúÞóÏöíãóÉö¡ æóáóÇ áöáúÍóÇÏöËóÉö Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóÐúåóÈóíúäö (1) ¡ æóáóÇ ãóæúÌöÏóÉó áóåõ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÅöíÌóÇÏö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
ÝóãóÇ åõæó ÌóæóÇÈõåõãú Ýöí ÅöíÌóÇÏö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö áóåõ Ýóåõæó ÌóæóÇÈõäóÇ Ýöí ÊóÚóáøõÞö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Èöåö.

[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ Íßã ÇáäíÇÈÉ Ýí ÇáÊßÇáíÝ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ (2) . ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÏõÎõæáö ÇáäøöíóÇÈóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ßõáøöÝó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÈóÏóäöíøóÉö ÝóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ æóäóÝóÇåõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ.
ÍõÌøóÉõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ áöÛóíúÑöåö " ÃóæúÌóÈúÊõ Úóáóíúßó ÎöíóÇØóÉó åóÐóÇ ÇáËøóæúÈö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÎöØúÊóåõ Ãóæö ÇÓúÊóäóÈúÊó Ýöí ÎöíóÇØóÊöåö ÃóËóÈúÊõßó¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÑóßúÊó ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö ÚóÇÞóÈúÊõßó " ßóÇäó ãóÚúÞõæáðÇ ÛóíúÑó ãóÑúÏõæÏò¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÝóæõÑõæÏõåõ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ.
æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì æõÞõæÚöåö ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäøóåõ «ÑóÃóì ÔóÎúÕðÇ íõÍúÑöãõ ÈöÇáúÍóÌøö Úóäú ÔõÈúÑõãóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " ÃóÍóÌóÌúÊó Úóäú äóÝúÓößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÍõÌøó Úóäú äóÝúÓößó Ëõãøó ÍõÌøó Úóäú ÔõÈúÑõãóÉó» " (3) . æóåõæó ÕóÑöíÍñ ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: æõÌõæÈõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÈóÏóäöíøóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÈúÊöáóÇÁð æóÇãúÊöÍóÇäðÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áöáúÚóÈúÏö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóØúáõæÈñ áöáÔøóÇÑöÚö áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ßóÓúÑö ÇáäøóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãøóÇÑóÉö ÈöÇáÓøõæÁö æóÞóåúÑöåóÇ¡ áößóæúäöåóÇ ÚóÏõæøóÉð áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÍößóÇíóÉð Úóäú ÑóÈøöåö: " ÚóÇÏö äóÝúÓóßó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ
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(1) ãóÐúåóÈõ ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÝöÚúáó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãóÎúáõæÞñ áöáøóåö¡ æóãóÐúåóÈñ íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ ãóÎúáõæÞñ áöáúÚóÈúÏö.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ÔóÑúÍó ÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøóÉö Úóáóì Þóæúáö ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö: æóÝöí ÏõÚóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÍúíóÇÁö¡ æóÕóÏóÞóÇÊöåöãú ãóäúÝóÚóÉñ áöáúÃóãúæóÇÊö¡ æóßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÑøõæÍö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó: 16¡ æóßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÇÊö¡ ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉó ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ æóÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ áóßöäö ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÑóÝúÚöåö æóæóÞúÝöåö¡ æóÑóÌøóÍó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÞúÝóåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÕóÑøóÝó ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ Ýöí ãóÊúäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ßóËöíÑðÇ

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ÇäúÊóÕóÈóÊú áöãõÚóÇÏóÇÊöí ÊóÍúÕöíáðÇ áöáËøóæóÇÈö Úóáóì Ðóáößó.
æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ãóÏúÎóáó áöáäøöíóÇÈóÉö Ýöíåö ßóãóÇ áóÇ ãóÏúÎóáó áóåóÇ Ýöí ÈóÇÞöí ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ãöäó ÇáúÂáóÇãö æóÇááøóÐøóÇÊö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáöÇÈúÊöáóÇÁõ æóÇáöÇãúÊöÍóÇäõ ÈöÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÚó ÊóÚúíöíäö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö áöÃóÏóÇÁö ãóÇ ßõáøöÝó Èöåö ÃóÔóÞøó ãöãøóÇ ßõáøöÝó Èöåö ãóÚó ÊóÓúæöíÛö ÇáäøöíóÇÈóÉö Ýöíåö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÑúÝóÚõ ÃóÕúáó ÇáúßõáúÝóÉö æóÇáöÇãúÊöÍóÇäö ÝöíãóÇ ÓõæøöÛó áóåõ Ýöíåö ÇáöÇÓúÊöäóÇÈóÉõ.
ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÔóÞøóÉó áóÇÒöãóÉñ áóåõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäö Èöåö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ æóÈöãóÇ íóÈúÐõáõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚöæóÖö áöáäøóÇÆöÈö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáäøöíóÇÈóÉö æóíóáúÊóÒöãõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãöäøóÉö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÚöæóÖö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÚóì Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóßóÇáöíÝö ÃóÔóÞøóåóÇ æóÃóÚúáóÇåóÇ ÑõÊúÈóÉð æóáöÐóáößó ßóÇäóÊú ãõÊóÝóÇæöÊóÉð (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóæóÇÈõ æóÇáúÚöÞóÇÈõ ÝóáóíúÓó ãöãøóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ Èóáú Åöäú ÃóËóÇÈó ÝóÈöÝóÖúáöåö æóÅöäú ÚóÇÞóÈó ÝóÈöÚóÏúáöåö ßóãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãöäú ÃóÕúáöäóÇ¡ Èóáú áóåõ Ãóäú íõËöíÈó ÇáúÚóÇÕöíó æóíõÚóÇÞöÈó ÇáØøóÇÆöÚó (2)