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æóãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏú íõÄúÌöÑõ Úóáóì Þóáöíáö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÄúÌöÑõ Úóáóì ßóËöíÑöåóÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ãöËúáõßõãú æóãöËúáõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóíúäö ßóÑóÌõáò ÇÓúÊóÃúÌóÑó ÃõÌóÑóÇÁó ÝóÞóÇáó ãóäú íóÚúãóáõ áöí ãöäú ÛõÏúæóÉó Åáóì äöÕúÝö ÇáäøóåóÇÑö Úóáóì ÞöíÑóÇØò¡ ÝóÚóãöáóÊú ÇáúíóåõæÏõ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ãóäú íóÚúãóáõ áöí ãöäú äöÕúÝö ÇáäøóåóÇÑö Åáóì ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Úóáóì ÞöíÑóÇØò ÝóÚóãöáóÊú ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ãóäú íóÚúãóáõ áöí ãöäú ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Åáóì Ãóäú ÊóÛöíÈó ÇáÔøóãúÓõ Úóáóì ÞöíÑóÇØóíúäö¡ Ýóåõãú ÃóäúÊõãú¡ ÝóÛóÖöÈóÊú

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æóÞóÏú ÍóËøó ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäö Åáóì ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {æóÃóäúßöÍõæÇ ÇáÃóíóÇãóì ãöäúßõãú æóÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏößõãú æóÅöãóÇÆößõãú} [ÇáäæÑ: 32] ¡ æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ Ýöí æóÇÍöÏò ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ æóáöÃóäøóåõ íõÑúÌóì ãöäú ÏõÚóÇÁö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÑúÌóì ãöäú ÏõÚóÇÁö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ ßóãóÇ íõÑúÌóì ãöäú ÏõÚóÇÁö ÇáúãõÕóáøöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúãóíøöÊö ÅÐóÇ ÈóáóÛõæÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ãóÇ áóÇ íõÑúÌóì ãöäú ÏõÚóÇÆöåöãú ÅÐóÇ äóÞóÕõæÇ Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíË¡ æóáöãöËúáö

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åóÐóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÕóÑúÝó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö Åáóì ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇÝö¡ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÏóÝúÚö ÃóäúæóÇÚò ãöäú ÇáúãóÝóÇÓöÏö æóÌóáúÈö ÃóäúæóÇÚò ãöäú ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÏóÝúÚó ÇáúÝóÞúÑö æóÇáúãóÓúßóäóÉö äóæúÚñ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöÏóÝúÚö ÇáÑøöÞøö Úóäú ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈöíäó¡ æóÇáúÛõÑúãö Úóäú ÇáúÛóÇÑöãöíäó¡ æóÇáúÛõÑúÈóÉö æóÇáöÇäúÞöØóÇÚö Úóäú ÃóÈúäóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÈöíáö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝõ Úóáóì ÇáÏøöíäö ÚöäúÏó ãóäú íóÑóì Ãóäøó Óóåúãó ÇáúãõÄóáøóÝóÉö ÈóÇÞò¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÅÚóÇäóÉõ ÇáúãõÌóÇåöÏöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó Êöáúæõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈöÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÞóÏú íóÊóÑóÊøóÈõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáúíóÓöíÑö ãöËúáó ãóÇ íóÊóÑóÊøóÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáúÎóØöíÑö¡ ßóãóÇ ÑõÊøöÈó ÛõÝúÑóÇäõ ÇáÐøõäõæÈö Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÌøö ÇáúãóÈúÑõæÑö¡ æóÑõÊøöÈó ãöËúáõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÊóÃúãöíäö ÇáúãõÕóáøöí ÊóÃúãöíäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö¡ æóÑõÊøöÈó ÛõÝúÑóÇäõ ÇáÐøõäõæÈö Úóáóì ÞöíóÇãö áóíúáóÉö ÇáúÞóÏúÑö¡ ßóãóÇ ÑóÊøóÈóåõ Úóáóì ÞöíóÇãö ÌóãöíÚö ÑóãóÖóÇäó¡ ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö æóÅöäú ÊóÓóÇæóÊú Ýöí ÇáÊøóßúÝöíÑö ÝóáóÇ ÊóÓóÇæöí ÈóíúäóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃõÌõæÑöº ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì ÑóÊøóÈó Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö ÑóÝúÚó ÇáÏøóÑóÌóÇÊö æóÊóßúÝöíÑó ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÇáÊøóÓóÇæöí Ýöí ÊóßúÝöíÑö ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö ÇáÊøóÓóÇæöí Ýöí ÑóÝúÚö ÇáÏøóÑóÌóÇÊö¡ æóßóáóÇãõäóÇ Ýöí ÌõãúáóÉö ãóÇ íóÊóÑóÊøóÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö ãöäú ÌóáúÈö ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö æóÏóÑúÁö ÇáúãóÝóÇÓöÏö¡ æóÐóáößó ãõÎúÊóáóÝñ Ýöíåö ÈöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö. Ýóãöäú ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÔóÑöíÝðÇ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóÝöíãóÇ ÑõÊøöÈó Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÌóáúÈö ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö æóÏóÑúÁö ÇáúãóÝóÇÓöÏö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáúÞóáöíáõ ãöäúåõ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÇáúßóËöíÑö ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÇáúÎóÝöíÝõ ãöäúåõ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÇáÔøóÇÞøö ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáËøóæóÇÈõ Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑö ÇáäøóÕóÈö Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ßóãóÇ Ùóäøó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÌóåóáóÉö¡ Èóáú ËóæóÇÈõåõ Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑö ÎóØóÑöåö Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ ßóÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö ÇáúÚóáöíøóÉö æóÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáÓøóäöíøóÉö æóÇáúßóáöãóÇÊö ÇáúãõÑúÖöíóÉö. ÝóÑõÈøó ÚöÈóÇÏóÉò ÎóÝöíÝóÉò Úóáóì ÇááøöÓóÇäö ËóÞöíáóÉò Ýöí ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö æóÚöÈóÇÏóÉò ËóÞöíáóÉò Úóáóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÎóÝöíÝóÉò Ýöí ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö ÈöÏóáöíáö Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏó ÎóÝöíÝñ Úóáóì ÇáúÌóäóÇäö æóÇááøöÓóÇäö æóåõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãóÇ ÃõÚúØöíóåõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ æóãóäøó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäõ¡ æóÇáÊøóÝóæøõåõ Èöåö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ßõáøö ßóáóÇãò¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö Ãóäøóåõ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÌöäóÇäó æóíóÏúÑóÃõ ÛóÖóÈó ÇáÏøóíøóÇäö¡ æóÞóÏú ÕóÑøóÍó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -

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ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö¡ áóãøóÇ «Þöíáó áóåõ Ãóíøõ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö ÃóÝúÖóáõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅíãóÇäñ ÈöÇóááøóåö» ¡ æóÌõÚöáó ÇáúÌöåóÇÏõ Ïõæäóåõ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÔóÞøõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö¡ æóÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏóÇÊö¡ ãóÚó ÓõåõæáóÉö Ðóáößó æóÎöÝøóÊöåö ãóÚó ÊóÍóÞøõÞöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäóÊú ÞõÑøóÉõ Úóíúäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÔóÇÞøóÉð Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ÕóáóÇÉõ ÛóíúÑöåö ãóÚó ãóÔóÞøóÊöåóÇ ãõÓóÇæöíóÉð áöÕóáóÇÊöåö ãóÚó ÎöÝøóÊöåóÇ æóÞõÑøóÊöåóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÅÚúØóÇÁõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö Úóäú ØöíÈö äóÝúÓò ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÅÚúØóÇÆöåóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÈõÎúáö¡ æóãõÌóÇåóÏóÉö ÇáäøóÝúÓö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÚóáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúãóÇåöÑó ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãóÚó ÇáÓøóÝóÑóÉö ÇáúßöÑóÇãö ÇáúÈóÑóÑóÉö.
æóÌóÚóáó áöáøóÐöí íóÞúÑóÄõåõ íõÊóÚúÊöÚõ Ýöíåö æóåõæó Úóáóíúåö ÔóÇÞøñ ÃóÌúÑóíúäö¡ æóãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáËøóæóÇÈó áóÇ íóÊóÑóÊøóÈõ Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑö ÇáäøóÕóÈö Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ãóÇ Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÃóáóÇ ÃõäóÈøöÆõßõãú ÈöÎóíúÑö ÃóÚúãóÇáößõãú æóÃóÒúßóÇåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ãóáöíßößõãú¡ æóÃóÑúÝóÚöåóÇ Ýöí ÏóÑóÌóÇÊößõãú¡ æóÎóíúÑñ áóßõãú ãöäú ÅäúÝóÇÞö ÇáÐøóåóÈö æóÇáúæóÑöÞö¡ æóÎóíúÑñ áóßõãú ãöäú Ãóäú ÊóáúÞóæúÇ ÚóÏõæøóßõãú ÝóÊóÖúÑöÈõæÇ ÃóÚúäóÇÞóåõãú æóíóÖúÑöÈõæÇ ÃóÚúäóÇÞóßõãú¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ Èóáóì ÞóÇáó: ÐößúÑõ Çááøóåö¡ ÞóÇáó ãõÚóÇÐõ Èúäõ ÌóÈóáò: ãóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ÃóäóÌóÇ ãöäú ÚóÐóÇÈö Çááøóåö ãöäú ÐößúÑö Çááøóåö» ¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ.
æóãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ãóäú ÞóÇáó Íöíäó íõÕúÈöÍõ æóÍöíäó íõãúÓöí: ÓõÈúÍóÇäó Çááøóåö æóÈöÍóãúÏöåö ãöÇÆóÉó ãóÑøóÉò áóãú íóÃúÊö ÃóÍóÏñ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÈöÃóÝúÖóáó ãöãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÅáøóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ÞóÇáó ãöËúáó ãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ãóæú ÒóÇÏó Úóáóíúåö» ¡ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «ßóáöãóÊóÇäö ÎóÝöíÝóÊóÇäö Úóáóì ÇááøöÓóÇäö ËóÞöíáóÊóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö ÍóÈöíÈóÊóÇäö Åáóì ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ ÓõÈúÍóÇäó Çááøóåö æóÈöÍóãúÏöåö¡ ÓõÈúÍóÇäó Çááøóåö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö» ¡ ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö.

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æóÇáúÍóÇÕöáõ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáËøóæóÇÈó íóÊóÑóÊøóÈõ Úóáóì ÊóÝóÇæõÊö ÇáÑøõÊóÈö Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑóÝö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÊóÓóÇæóì ÇáúÚóãóáóÇäö ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò ßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáËøóæóÇÈö Úóáóì ÃóßúËóÑöåöãóÇ áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ýóãóäú íóÚúãóáú ãöËúÞóÇáó ÐóÑøóÉò ÎóíúÑðÇ íóÑóåõ} [ÇáÒáÒáÉ: 7] .

[ÝóÕúáñ ÝöíãóÇ íóÊóÝóÇæóÊõ ÃóÌúÑõåõ ÈöÊóÝóÇæõÊö ÊóÍóãøõáö ãóÔóÞøóÊöåö]
Åäú Þöíáó: ãóÇ ÖóÇÈöØõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáÔøóÇÞøö ÇáøóÐöí íõÄúÌóÑõ Úóáóíúåö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ íõÄúÌóÑõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóÝöíÝö¿ ÞõáúÊ: ÅÐóÇ ÇÊøóÍóÏó ÇáúÝöÚúáóÇäö Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑóÝö æóÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöØö æóÇáÓøõäóäö æóÇáúÃóÑúßóÇäö¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÔóÇÞøðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÇÓúÊóæóíóÇ Ýöí ÃóÌúÑöåöãóÇ áöÊóÓóÇæöíåöãóÇ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúæóÙóÇÆöÝö¡ æóÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÈöÊóÍóãøõáö ÇáúãóÔóÞøóÉö áöÃóÌúáö Çááøóåö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÝóÃõËöíÈó Úóáóì ÊóÍóãøõáö ÇáúãóÔóÞøóÉö áóÇ Úóáóì Úóíúäö ÇáúãóÔóÇÞøö¡ ÅÐú áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÇáÊøóÞóÑøõÈõ ÈöÇáúãóÔóÇÞøö¡ áöÃóäøó ÇáúÞõÑóÈó ßõáøóåóÇ ÊóÚúÙöíãñ áöáÑøóÈøö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóáóíúÓó Úóíúäõ ÇáúãóÔóÇÞøö ÊóÚúÙöíãðÇ æóáóÇ ÊóæúÞöíÑðÇ.
æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ãóäú ÊóÍóãøóáó ãóÔóÞøóÉð Ýöí ÎöÏúãóÉö ÅäúÓóÇäò ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÑóì Ðóáößó áóÇ áöÃóÌúáö ßóæúäöåö ÔóÞøó Úóáóíúåö æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÑóÇåõ áóåõ ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÊóÍóãøõáö ãóÔóÞøóÉö ÇáúÎöÏúãóÉö áöÃóÌúáöåö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÇáöÇÛúÊöÓóÇáö Ýöí ÇáÕøóíúÝö æóÇáÑøóÈöíÚö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åáóì ÇáöÇÛúÊöÓóÇáö Ýöí ÔöÏøóÉö ÈóÑúÏö ÇáÔøöÊóÇÁöº ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÌúÑóåõãóÇ ÓóæóÇÁñ áöÊóÓóÇæöíåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöØö æóÇáÓøõäóäö æóÇáúÃóÑúßóÇäö¡ æóíóÒöíÏõ ÃóÌúÑõ ÇáöÇÛúÊöÓóÇáö Ýöí ÇáÔøöÊóÇÁö áöÃóÌúáö ÊóÍóãøõáö ãóÔóÞøóÉö ÇáúÈóÑúÏö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊõ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÛõÓúáóíúäö æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊõ ÝöíãóÇ áóÒöãó ÚóäúåõãóÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó ãóÔóÇÞøõ ÇáúæóÓóÇÆöáö Ýöí ãóäú íóÞúÕöÏõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏó æóÇáúÍóÌøó æóÇáúÛóÒúæó ãöäú ãóÓóÇÝóÉò ÞóÑöíÈóÉò¡ æóÂÎóÑó íóÞúÕöÏõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ãöäú ãóÓóÇÝóÉò ÈóÚöíÏóÉò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ËóæóÇÈóíúåöãóÇ íóÊóÝóÇæóÊóÇäö ÈöÊóÝóÇæõÊö ÇáúæóÓöíáóÉö¡ æóíóÊóÓóÇæóíóÇäö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÞöíóÇãö ÈöÓõäóäö åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö æóÔóÑóÇÆöØöåóÇ æóÃóÑúßóÇäöåóÇ. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóÑúÚó íõËöíÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÓóÇÆöáö Åáóì ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö ßóãóÇ íõËöíÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÞóÇÕöÏö¡ ãóÚó ÊóÝóÇæõÊö ÃõÌõæÑö ÇáúæóÓóÇÆöáö æóÇáúãóÞóÇÕöÏö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÚóáó áößõáøö ÎõØúæóÉò íóÎúØõæåóÇ

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ÇáúãõÕóáøöí Åáóì ÅÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÑóÝúÚó ÏóÑóÌóÉò æóÍóØøó ÎóØöíÆóÉò¡ æóÌóÚóáó ÃóÈúÚóÏóåõãú ãóãúÔðì Åáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÃóÚúÙóãó ÃóÌúÑðÇ ãöäú ÃóÞúÑóÈöåöãú ãóãúÔðì ÅáóíúåóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÚóáó áöáúãõÓóÇÝöÑöíäó Åáóì ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö - ÈöãóÇ íóáúÞóæúäóåõ ãöäú ÇáÙøóãóÃö æóÇáäøóÕóÈö æóÇáúãóÎúãóÕóÉö æóÇáäøóÝóÞóÉö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑóÉö æóÇáúßóÈöíÑóÉö æóÞóØúÚö ÇáúÃóæúÏöíóÉö æóÈöãóÇ íóäóÇáõæäóåõ ãöäú ÇáúÃóÚúÏóÇÁö æóÈöÇáúæóØúÁö ÇáúÛóÇÆöÙö áöáúßõÝøóÇÑö - ÃóÌúÑó Úóãóáò ÕóÇáöÍò¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó ÊóÍóãøõáõ ÇáúãóÔóÇÞøö ÇáäøóÇÔöÆóÉö Úóäú ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Ãóæú Úóäú æóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö¡ æóíóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÃóÌúÑõ ÊóÍóãøõáö ÇáúãóÔóÇÞøö ÈöÔöÏøóÉö ÇáúãóÔóÇÞøö æóÎöÝøóÊöåóÇ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó ÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍóíúåöãóÇ ãõÓúäóÏðÇ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú: «ÞõáúÊ íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö íóÕúÏõÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÈöäõÓõßóíúäö æóÃóÕúÏõÑõ ÈöäõÓõßò æóÇÍöÏò¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇäúÊóÙöÑöí ÝóÅöÐóÇ ØóåõÑúÊ ÝóÇÎúÑõÌöí Åáóì ÇáÊøóäúÚöíãö ÝóÃóåöáøöí ãöäúåõ Ëõãøó ÇáúÍóÞöíäóÇ ÚöäúÏó ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÃóÙõäøõåõ ÞóÇáó: ÛóÏðÇ æóáóßöäøóåóÇ Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑö äóÕóÈöß Ãóæú ÞóÇáó äóÝóÞóÊöß» . ÞõáúÊ: åóÐóÇ ãóÔúßõæßñ Ýöíåö åóáú ÞóÇáó ÞóÏúÑõ äóÕóÈöß Ãóæú ÞóÇáó ÞóÏúÑõ äóÝóÞóÊöß¿ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ Þóæúáóåõ: Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑö äóÝóÞóÊöß ÝóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøó ãóÇ íõäúÝóÞõ Ýöí ØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö íõÝóÑøóÞõ Èóíúäó Þóáöíáöåö æóßóËöíÑöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ Þóæúáóåõ: Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑö äóÕóÈöß ÝóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑö ÊóÍóãøõáö äóÕóÈöß áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ¡ æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åäøó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ßõÊõÈö Çááøóåö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÈöÚóíúäöí ãóÇ íóÊóÍóãøóáõ ÇáúãõÊóÍóãøöáõæäó ãöäú ÃóÌúáöí. æóÞóÏú ÚóáöãúäóÇ ãöäú ãóæóÇÑöÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóãóÕóÇÏöÑöåö Ãóäøó ãóØúáõæÈó ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÅäøóãóÇ åõæó ãóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö Ýöí Ïöíäöåöãú æóÏõäúíóÇåõãú¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ÇáúãóÔóÞøóÉõ ãóÕúáóÍóÉð. Èóáú ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöãóÇ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÇáúãóÔóÞøóÉó ÈöãóËóÇÈóÉö ÃóãúÑö ÇáØøóÈöíÈö ÇáúãóÑöíÖó ÈöÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÇáÏøóæóÇÁö ÇáúãõÑøö ÇáúÈóÔöÚö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÛóÑóÖõåõ ÅáøóÇ ÇáÔøöÝóÇÁó¡ æóáóæú ÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáñ ßóÇäó ÛóÑóÖõ ÇáØøóÈöíÈö Ãóäú íõæÌöÏóåõ ãóÔóÞøóÉõ Ãóáóãö ãóÑóÇÑóÉö ÇáÏøóæóÇÁö¡ áóãóÇ ÍóÓõäó Ðóáößó Ýöíãóäú íóÞúÕöÏõ ÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍó.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúæóÇáöÏõ íóÞúØóÚõ ãöäú æóáóÏöåö ÇáúíóÏó ÇáúãõÊóÂßöáóÉó ÍöÝúÙðÇ áöãõåúÌóÊöåö áóíúÓó ÛóÑóÖõåõ ÅíÌóÇÏóåõ Ãóáóãó ÇáúÞóØúÚö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÛóÑóÖõåõ ÍöÝúÙõ ãõåúÌóÊöåö ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ íóÝúÚóáõ Ðóáößó ãõÊóæóÌøöÚðÇ ãõÊóÃóáøöãðÇ áöÞóØúÚö íóÏöåö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ÝöíãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ «Úóäú ÑóÈøöåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóãóÇ ÊóÑóÏøóÏúÊ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÃóäóÇ ÝóÇÚöáõåõ ÊóÑóÏøõÏöí Ýöí ÞóÈúÖö äóÝúÓö ÚóÈúÏöí ÇáúãõÄúãöäö íóßúÑóåõ ÇáúãóæúÊó æóÃóßúÑóåõ ãõÓóÇÁóÊóåõ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ

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ãöäúåõ» æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÔóÇÞøó ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÅäøóåóÇ ãóÔóÇÞøñ ÊóÓõæÁõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäó æóÛóíúÑóåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóåõæäõ ÃóãúÑõåóÇ áöãóÇ íõÈúÊóäóì Úóáóì ÊóÍóãøõáöåóÇ ãöäú ÇáúÃóÌúÑö æóÇáËøóæóÇÈö¡ æóíóßõæäõ Þóáöíáõ ÇáúÚóãóáö ÇáúÈóÏóäöíøö ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ßóËöíÑöåö¡ æóÎóÝöíÝõåõ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ËóÞöíáöåö¡ ßóÊóÝúÖöíáö ÇáúÞóÕúÑö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÊúãóÇãö¡ æóßóÊóÝúÖöíáö ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáÕøõÈúÍö ãóÚó äóÞúÕö ÑóßóÚóÇÊöåóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÚöäúÏó ãóäú ÑóÂåóÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÇáúæõÓúØóì¡ ãóÚó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÃõÞúÕóÑõ ãöäú ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ¡ æóÇóááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì íõÄúÊöí ÝóÖúáóåõ ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóæóÇÈõ Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑö ÇáäøóÕóÈö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ßóÐóáößó¡ æóáóãóÇ ÝóÖõáóÊú ÑóßúÚóÉõ ÇáúæöÊúÑö Úóáóì ÑóßúÚóÊóíú ÇáúÝóÌúÑö¡ æóáóãóÇ ÝóÖõáóÊú ÑóßúÚóÊóÇ ÇáúÝóÌúÑö Úóáóì ãöËúáöåóÇ ãöäú ÇáÑøóæóÇÊöÈö.
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æóßóÐóáößó ÊõÄóÎøóÑõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Åáóì ÂÎóÑö ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö Ýöí ÍóÞøö ãóäú íóÊóíóÞøóäõ æõÌõæÏó ÇáúãóÇÁö Ýöí ÃóæóÇÎöÑö ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊöº áöÃóäøó ÝóÖöíáóÉó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈöØóåóÇÑóÉö ÇáúãóÇÁö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÇáúãõÈóÇÏóÑóÉö Åáóì ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÇÊö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÝóÖõáóÊú áöÃóäøó ÇåúÊöãóÇãó ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÈöÔóÑóÇÆöØ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÇåúÊöãóÇãöåö ÈöÇáÓøõäóäö ÇáúãõßóãøöáóÇÊö¡ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÇÏöÑó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö áóÇ íóÊóÎóíøóÑõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáÊøóíóãøõãö¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÈóÇÏóÑóÉö Åáóì ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÇÊö ãõÎóíøóÑñ Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÈóÇÏóÑóÉö æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö æóÈóíúäó ÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑö æóÇáöÇäúÝöÑóÇÏö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú ãóÕúáóÍóÉõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÏóÑóÉö ßóãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÇáúãóÇÁö áóÊóÚóíøóäóÊú ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö ÚóáóíúåóÇ ßóãóÇ íóÊóÚóíøóäõ ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõ ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÍóãøóáó ÇáÕøóÇÆöãõ

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ãóÔóÞøóÉó ÑóÇÆöÍóÉö ÇáúÎõáõæÝö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÝóÖøóáóåõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Úóáóì ÅÒóÇáóÉö ÇáúÎõáõæÝö ÈöÇáÓøöæóÇßö¡ ãõÓúÊóÏöáøðÇ ÈöÃóäøó ËóæóÇÈóåõ ÃóØúíóÈõ ãöäú ÑöíÍö ÇáúãöÓúßö¡ æóáóãú íõæóÇÝöÞú ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÅÐú áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÐößúÑö ËóæóÇÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÐößúÑö ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉö ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáÑøõÌúÍóÇäö ÈöÇáúÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉö¡ ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Ãóäøó ÇáúæöÊúÑó ÚöäúÏó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÇáúÌóÏöíÏö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÑóßúÚóÊóíú ÇáúÝóÌúÑö¡ ãóÚó Þóæúáöåö - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -: «ÑóßúÚóÊóÇ ÇáúÝóÌúÑö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ» æóßóãú ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÉò ÞóÏú ÃóËúäóì ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóÐóßóÑó ÝóÖöíáóÊóåóÇ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÊóÒóÇÍõãö ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÊóíúäö ÇááøóÊóíúäö áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÈóíúäóåõãóǺ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÓøöæóÇßó äóæúÚñ ãöäú ÇáÊøóØóåøõÑö ÇáúãóÔúÑõæÚö áöÅöÌúáóÇáö ÇáÑøóÈøö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì¡ áöÃóäøó ãõÎóÇØóÈóÉó ÇáúÚõÙóãóÇÁö ãóÚó ØóåóÇÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÝúæóÇåö ÊóÚúÙöíãñ áóÇ Ôóßøó Ýöíåö¡ æóáöÃóÌúáöåö ÔõÑöÚó ÇáÓøöæóÇßõ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÎõáõæÝö ÊóÚúÙöíãñ æóáóÇ ÅÌúáóÇáñ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÞóÇáõ Åäøó ÝóÖöíáóÉó ÇáúÎõáõæÝö ÊóÑúÈõæ Úóáóì ÊóÚúÙöíãö Ðöí ÇáúÌóáóÇáö ÈöÊóØúíöíÈö ÇáúÃóÝúæóÇåö¿ ¡ æóíóÏõáøõ Ãóäøó ãóÕúáóÍóÉó ÇáÓøöæóÇßö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÊóÍóãøõáö ãóÔóÞøóÉö ÇáúÎõáõæÝö Þóæúáõåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «áóæúáóÇ Ãóäú ÃóÔõÞøó Úóáóì ÃõãøóÊöí áóÃóãóÑúÊõåõãú ÈöÇáÓøöæóÇßö ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö ÕóáóÇÉò» ¡ æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó ãóÕúáóÍóÊóåõ ÃóÊóãøõ ãöäú ãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÊóÍóãøõáö ãóÔóÞøóÉö ÇáúÎõáõæÝö áóãóÇ ÃõÓúÞöØó ÅíÌóÇÈõåõ áöãóÔóÞøóÊöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóÕúáóÍóÊóåõ ÇäúÊóåóÊú Åáóì ÑõÊóÈö ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö.
æóÞóÏú äóÕøó Úóáóì ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑöåö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: «áóæúáóÇ Ãóäú ÃóÔõÞøó Úóáóì ÃõãøóÊöí áóÃóãóÑúÊõåõãú ÈöÇáÓøöæóÇßö ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö ÕóáóÇÉò» ¡ æóÇóáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - ÊóÎúÕöíÕñ áöáúÚóÇãøö áöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑöÖö áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÞöíóÇÓõåõ Úóáóì Ïóãö ÇáÔøóåöíÏöº áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÇßó ãõäóÇÌò áöÑóÈøöåö¡ ÝóÔõÑöÚó áóåõ ÊóØúåöíÑõ Ýóãöåö ÈöÇáÓøöæóÇßö¡ æóÌóÓóÏõ ÇáúãóíøöÊö ÞóÏú ÕóÇÑó ÌöíÝóÉð ÛóíúÑó ãõäóÇÌöíóÉò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ - ãóÚó Ðóáößó - ÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÞõ.

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æóÇáúÞóØúÚõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝö ãõÊóÚóáøöÞñ ÈöÑõÈúÚö ÏöíäóÇÑò ãöäú ÇáúÃóáúÝö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÇáöÇÓúÊöæóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉö ÇáúÚóÇÌöáóÉö ÇáöÇÓúÊöæóÇÁõ Ýöí ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉö ÇáúÂÌöáóÉö¡ æóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÌóÇÈó ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÍóÏøóíú ÇáúÞóØúÑóÉö æóÇáÓøóßúÑóÉö. áóßöäøó ÇáúÍõÏõæÏó ßóÝøóÇÑóÉñ áöÃóåúáöåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÇÓúÊóæóíóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏøóíúäö æóÊóßúÝöíÑö ÇáÐøóäúÈóíúäö.
æóÝöí ÇáÓøóÑöÞóÊóíúäö. ÇÓúÊóæóíóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÊóíúäö¡ æóåõãóÇ ÃóÎúÐõ ÑõÈúÚö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ ÝóíõßóÝøöÑõ ÇáúÍóÏøóÇäö ãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÑõÈúÚö ÇáÏøöíäóÇÑö ãöäú ÇáÓøóÑöÞóÊóíúäö¡ æóíóÈúÞóì ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏõ Åáóì ÊóãóÇãö ÇáúÃóáúÝö áóÇ ãõÞóÇÈöáó áóåõ

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æóáóÇ ÊóßúÝöíÑó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóÝóÇæõÊõ ÍóÏøóíú ÒöäóÇ ÇáúÈößúÑö æóÇáúãõÍúÕóäö¡ ÝóÝöíåö ÅÔúßóÇáñ íóÓøóÑó Çááøóåõ Íóáøóåõ.

ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó áöãó ÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÍúÑóÇÑö æóÇáúÚóÈöíÏö Ýöí ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ãóÚó ÊóÓóÇæöíåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÌóÑóÇÆöãö æóÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÇáúãóÝóÇÓöÏö¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: ÊóÚúÐöíÈõ ÇáúÃóãóÇËöáö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓóÇÁóÉö ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäú ÊóÚúÐöíÈö ÇáúÃóÑóÇÐöáöº áöÃóäøó ÕõÏõæÑó ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö ãöäúåõãú ãóÚó ÇáúÅöäúÚóÇãö Úóáóíúåöãú æóÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäö Åáóíúåöãú ÃóÞúÈóÍõ ãöäú ÕõÏõæÑöåóÇ ãöäú ÇáúÃóÑóÇÐöáö. ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Åáóì Þóæúáöåö¡ {íóÇ äöÓóÇÁó ÇáäøóÈöíøö ãóäú íóÃúÊö ãöäúßõäøó ÈöÝóÇÍöÔóÉò ãõÈóíøöäóÉò íõÖóÇÚóÝú áóåóÇ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ ÖöÚúÝóíúäö} [ÇáÃÍÒÇÈ: 30] ¡ æóÅöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {áóÞóÏú ßöÏúÊó ÊóÑúßóäõ Åöáóíúåöãú ÔóíúÆðÇ ÞóáöíáÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 74] {ÅöÐðÇ áÃóÐóÞúäóÇßó ÖöÚúÝó ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö æóÖöÚúÝó ÇáúãóãóÇÊö} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 75] ¡ æóÅöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {æóáóæú ÊóÞóæøóáó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáÃóÞóÇæöíáö} [ÇáÍÇÞÉ: 44] {áÃóÎóÐúäóÇ ãöäúåõ ÈöÇáúíóãöíäö} [ÇáÍÇÞÉ: 45] {Ëõãøó áóÞóØóÚúäóÇ ãöäúåõ ÇáúæóÊöíäó} [ÇáÍÇÞÉ: 46] . æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó áöãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõäúÚóãö Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãõÝóÖøóáö ãöäú ÔõßúÑö ÅÍúÓóÇäö ÇáúãõäúÚöãö ÇáúãõÊóÝóÖøöáö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇÈóáó ÅÍúÓóÇäóåõ ÈöÚöÕúíóÇäöåö¡ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÃóÞúÈóÍó ãöäú ÚöÕúíóÇäö ÛóíúÑöåö. æóáöÐóáößó ÞóÈõÍóÊú ãóÚúÕöíóÉõ ÇáúæóÇáöÏóíúäö æóÚõÞõæÞõåõãóÇ áöãóÇ íóÌöÈõ ãöäú ÔõßúÑö ÅäúÚóÇãöåöãóÇ ÈöÊóÑúÈöíóÊöåöãóÇ¡ ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Åáóì Þóæúáå ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóäö ÇÔúßõÑú áöí æóáöæóÇáöÏóíúßó} [áÞãÇä: 14] æóáóæú ÓóÈøó ÇáúæóÒöíÑõ Çáúãöáúßó ÈöãöÓóÈøóÉò ÓóÈøóåõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáÓøóÇÆöÓõ áóÇÓúÊóÍóÞøó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáúÃóáöíãó¡ æóáóãú íõÓóæøö Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáÓøóÇÆöÓö áöÃóÌúáö ÇáúÅöäúÚóÇãö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäö Åáóíúåö. ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó ÞóÏú ÓóæøóíúÊõãú Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÍúÑóÇÑö æóÇáúÚóÈöíÏö Ýöí ÞóØúÚö ÇáÓøóÑöÞóÉö æóÞóÊúáö ÇáúãõÍóÇÑöÈóÉö¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: ÓóæøóíúäóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ áöÊóÚóÐøõÑö ÊóÈúÚöíÖö ÇáúÞóØúÚö æóÇáúÞóÊúáö.

ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó åóáú íóÓúÊóæöí ÅËúãõ ÇáÐøóÇÈöÍö¡ æóÅöËúãõ ãóäú ÞóØóÚó ÃõäúãõáóÉó ÅäúÓóÇäò ÝóÓóÑóÊú Åáóì äóÝúÓöåö¿ ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ãõÊóÓóÇæöíóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉö æóÇáÏøöíóÉö æóÇáúÞöÕóÇÕö¡ æóíóÊóÝóÇæóÊóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉö ÇáúÂÌöáóÉöº áöÃóäøó ÌõÑúÃóÉó ÇáÐøóÇÈöÍö Úóáóì ÇäúÊöåóÇßö ÇáúÍõÑúãóÉö Ýöí ÇáÐøóÈúÍö ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäú ÌõÑúÃóÉö ÇáúÞóÇØöÚö Úóáóì ÇäúÊöåóÇßö ÇáúÍõÑúãóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÞóØúÚö.
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áóæú ÌóÑóÍó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÌóÇäöíóíúäö ÌõÑúÍðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ æóÌóÑóÍó ÇáúÂÎóÑõ ãöÇÆóÉó ÌöÑóÇÍóÉò¡ Ãóæú ÞóØóÚó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÃõäúãõáóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð æóÞóØóÚó ÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúÃóÚúÖóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóäóÇãöáö¡ ÝóãóÇÊó ÇáúãóÌúäöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãóÇ íóÊóÝóÇæóÊóÇäö Ýöí ÚõÞõæÈóÉö ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö áöÊóÝóÇæõÊöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÊóÚóÏøõÏö ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö æóÚöÙóãö ÇáúÌõÑúÃóÉö¡ ãóÚó ÊóÓóÇæöíåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíóÉö æóÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉö æóÇáúÞöÕóÇÕö.
æóßóÐóáößó áóæú ÐóÈóÍó ÇáúÌóÇäöí ÑóÌõáðÇ Ãóæú ÞóØóÚó ÇáúÌóÇäöí ÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÑóÌõáðÇ ÅÑúÈðÇ ÅÑúÈðÇ ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãóÇ íóÊóÓóÇæóíóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÚõåúÏóÉö ÇáúÚóÇÌöáóÉö¡ æóíóÊóÝóÇæóÊóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉö ÇáúÂÌöáóÉö áöÚöÙóãö. ÇáúÌõÑúÃóÉö¡ æóÊóÚóÏøõÏö ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö Ýöí ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ æóÇÊøöÍóÇÏöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÊúáõ ÇáúãóËõáóÉö ÃóÚúÙóãõ æöÒúÑðÇ ãöäú ÇáÐøóÈúÍö æóÞóØúÚö ÇáÑøóÞóÈóÉö.

ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó åóáú íõÍóÑøöãõ ÇáÑøóÈøõ ãóÇ áóÇ ãóÝúÓóÏóÉó Ýöíåö¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: äóÚóãú¡ ÞóÏú íõÍóÑøöãõ ÇáÑøóÈøõ ãóÇ áóÇ ãóÝúÓóÏóÉó Ýöíåö ÚõÞõæÈóÉð áöãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö æóÍöÑúãóÇäðÇ áóåõãú Ãóæú ÊóÚóÈøõÏðÇ. ÃóãøóÇ ÊóÍúÑöíãõ ÇáúÍõÑõãóÇÊö¡ ÝóßóãóÇ ÍóÑøóãó Úóáóì ÇáúíóåõæÏö ßõáøó Ðöí ÙõÝúÑò¡ æóßóãóÇ ÍóÑøóãó Úóáóíúåöãú ÇáËøõÑõæÈó ãöäú ÇáúÈóÞóÑö æóÇáúÛóäóãö¡ ÚõÞõæÈóÉð áóåõãú áóÇ áöãóÝúÓóÏóÉò Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ãóÝúÓóÏóÉñ áóãóÇ ÃóÍóáøó Ðóáößó áóäóÇ ãóÚó ÃóäøóÇ ÃóßúÑóãõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäúåõãú. æóÞóÏú äóÕøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {Ðóáößó ÌóÒóíúäóÇåõãú ÈöÈóÛúíöåöãú} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 146] ¡ æóÈöÞóæúáöåö: {ÝóÈöÙõáúãò ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó åóÇÏõæÇ ÍóÑøóãúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ØóíøöÈóÇÊò ÃõÍöáøóÊú áóåõãú} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 160] .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóÍúÑöíãõ ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÝóßóÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáÕøóíúÏö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÍúÑóÇãö¡ æóÇáÏøóåúäö æóÇáØøöíÈö æóÇááøöÈóÇÓö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóãú ÊõÍóÑøóãú áöÕöÝóÉò ÞóÇÆöãóÉò ÈöåóÇ ÊóÞúÊóÖöí ÊóÍúÑöíãóåóÇ¡ Èóáú áöÃóãúÑò ÎóÇÑöÌò Úóäú ÃóæúÕóÇÝöåóÇ¡ æóÕóÇÑó Ðóáößó ÈöãóËóÇÈóÉö Ãóßúáö ãóÇáö ÇáúÛóíúÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íõÍóÑøóãú áöÕöÝóÉò ÞóÇÆöãóÉò Èöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóÑõãó áöÃóãúÑò ÎóÇÑöÌò.

[ÝóÕúáñ Ýöí ÇäúÞöÓóÇãö ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö Åáóì ÇáúÚóÇÌöáö æóÇáúÂÌöáö]
Ýöí ÇäúÞöÓóÇãö ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö Åáóì ÇáúÚóÇÌöáö æóÇáúÂÌöáö
ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍõ ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÞúÓóÇãò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ æóÇÌöÈõ ÇáÊøóÍúÕöíáö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÚóÙõãóÊú ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉõ æóÌóÈóÊú Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóÑöíÚóÉò.
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ãóäúÏõæÈóÉõ ÇáÊøóÍúÕöíáö¡ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ ãõÈóÇÍóÉõ

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ÇáÊøóÍúÕöíáö Ëõãøó ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍõ ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÖúÑõÈò:
ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ÃõÎúÑóæöíøóÉñ æóåöíó ãõÊóæóÞøóÚóÉõ ÇáúÍõÕõæáö¡ ÅÐú áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÃóÍóÏñ Èöãó íõÎúÊóãõ áóåõ¿ æóáóæú ÚóÑóÝó Ðóáößó áóãú íõÞúØóÚú ÈöÇáúÞóÈõæáö¡ æóáóæú ÞõØöÚó ÈöÇáúÞóÈõæáö áóãú íõÞúØóÚú ÈöÍõÕõæáö ËóæóÇÈöåóÇ æóãóÕóÇáöÍöåóÇ¡ áöÌóæóÇÒö ÐóåóÇÈöåóÇ ÈöÇáúãõæóÇÒóäóÉö æóÇáúãõÞóÇÕøóÉö.
ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ãóÕóÇáöÍõ ÏõäúíóæöíøóÉñ æóåöíó ÞöÓúãóÇäö ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ äóÇÌöÒõ ÇáúÍõÕõæáö ßóãóÕóÇáöÍ ÇáúãóÂßöáö æóÇáúãóÔóÇÑöÈö æóÇáúãóáóÇÈöÓö¡ æóÇáúãóäóÇßöÍö æóÇáúãóÓóÇßöäö æóÇáúãóÑóÇßöÈö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÚóÇãóáóÇÊö ÇáäøóÇÌöÒóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúæóÇÖõ æóÍöíóÇÒóÉõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö - ßóÇáöÇÕúØöíóÇÏö æóÇáöÇÍúÊöÔóÇÔö æóÇáöÇÍúÊöØóÇÈö.
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ãõÊóæóÞøóÚõ ÇáúÍõÕõæáö ßóÇáöÇÊøöÌóÇÑö áöÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÇÍö æóßóÐóáößó ÇáöÇÊøöÌóÇÑõ Ýöí ÃóãúæóÇáö ÇáúíóÊóÇãóì áöãóÇ íõÊóæóÞøóÚõ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÇÍö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÊóÚúáöíãõåõãú ÇáÕøóäóÇÆöÚó æóÇáúÚõáõæãó áöãóÇ íõÊóæóÞøóÚõ ãöäú ãóÕóÇáöÍöåóÇ æóÝóæóÇÆöÏöåóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÈöäóÇÁõ ÇáÏøóÇÑö æóÒóÑúÚõ ÇáúÍõÈõæÈö æóÛóÑúÓõ ÇáúÃóÔúÌóÇÑö¡ æóßõáøõ Ðóáößó ãóÕóÇáöÍõåõ ãõÊóæóÞøóÚóÉñ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúØõæÚò ÈöåóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ íõÊóæóÞøóÚõ ãöäú ãóÕóÇáöÍö ÇáöÇäúÒöÌóÇÑö ãöäú ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö æóÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÇÊö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö.
ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ãóÇ íóßõæä áóåõ ãóÕúáóÍóÊóÇäö ÅÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ ÚóÇÌöáóÉñ æóÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÂÌöáóÉñ ßóÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÇÊö æóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúãóÇáöíøóÇÊö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÕóÇáöÍóåóÇ ÇáúÚóÇÌöáóÉó áöÞóÇÈöáöíåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÂÌöáóÉó áöÈóÇÐöáöíåóÇ¡ ÝóãóÕóÇáöÍõåóÇ ÇáúÚóÇÌöáóÉõ äóÇÌöÒóÉõ ÇáúÍõÕõæáö¡ æóÇáúÂÌöáóÉõ ãõÊóæóÞøóÚóÉõ ÇáúÍõÕõæáö.

[ÝóÕúáñ Ýöí ÇäúÞöÓóÇãö ÇáúãóÝóÇÓöÏö Åáóì ÇáúÚóÇÌöáö æóÇáúÂÌöáö]
Ýöí ÇäúÞöÓóÇãö ÇáúãóÝóÇÓöÏö Åáóì ÇáúÚóÇÌöáö æóÇáúÂÌöáö
ÇáúãóÝóÇÓöÏõ ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÞúÓóÇãò - ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ãóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÏóÑúÄõåõ ÝóÅöäú ÚóÙõãóÊú ãóÝúÓóÏóÊõåõ æóÌóÈó ÏóÑúÄõåõ Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóÑöíÚóÉò æóÐóáößó ßóÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáúÞóÊúáö æóÇáÒøöäóÇ æóÇáúÛóÕúÈö æóÅöÝúÓóÇÏö ÇáúÚõÞõæáö.
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ãóÇ ÊóÎúÊóáöÝõ Ýöíåö ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚõ ÝóíõÍúÙóÑõ Ýöí ÔóÑúÚò æóíõÈóÇÍõ Ýöí ÂÎóÑó ÊóÔúÏöíÏðÇ Úóáóì ãóäú ÍóÑõãó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÊóÎúÝöíÝðÇ Úóáóì ãóäú ÃõÈöíÍó áóåõ¡ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ãóÇ ÊóÏúÑóÄõåõ ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚõ ßóÑóÇåöíóÉð áóåõ.

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Ëõãøó ÇáúãóÝóÇÓöÏõ ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÖúÑõÈò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ ÃõÎúÑóæöíøóÉñ æóåöíó ãõÊóæóÞøóÚóÉõ ÇáúÍõÕõæáö áóÇ íõÞúØóÚõ ÈöÊóÍóÞøõÞöåóÇ áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÏú ÊóÓúÞõØõ ÈöÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö Ãóæú ÇáúÚóÝúæö Ãóæú ÇáÔøóÝóÇÚóÉö Ãóæú ÇáúãõæóÇÒóäóÉö.
ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÏõäúíóæöíøóÉñ æóåöíó ÞöÓúãóÇäö:
ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: äóÇÌöÒõ ÇáúÍõÕõæáö ßóÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáúÌóåúáö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúÅöÒóÇáóÉõ¡ æóßóÇáúÌóæúÚö æóÇáÙøóãóÃö æóÇáúÚõÑúíö æóÖóÑóÑö ÇáÕøöíóÇáö æóÇáúÞöÊóÇáö.
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ãõÊóæóÞøóÚõ ÇáúÍõÕõæáö ßóÞöÊóÇáö ãóäú íóÞúÕöÏõäóÇ ãöäú ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÇáúÈõÛóÇÉö æóÃóåúáö ÇáÕøöíóÇáö.
ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ãóÇ íóßõæäõ áóåõ ãóÝúÓóÏóÊóÇäö: ÅÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ ÚóÇÌöáóÉñ æóÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÂÌöáóÉñ¡ ßóÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ ÝóÇáúÚóÇÌöáóÉõ äóÇÌöÒóÉõ ÇáúÍõÕõæáö æóÇáúÂÌöáóÉõ ãõÊóæóÞøóÚóÉõ ÇáúÍõÕõæáö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÝúÓóÏóÊõåõ ÚóÇÌöáóÉð æóãóÕúáóÍóÊõåõ ÂÌöáóÉð ÝóßóÇáÕøöíóÇáö Úóáóì ÇáÏøöãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÈúÖóÇÚö æóÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÏóÑúÁó ãóÝúÓóÏóÊöåö ÚóÇÌöáñ ÍóÇÕöáñ áöãóäú ÏõÑöÆóÊú Úóäúåõ¡ æóãóÕúáóÍóÉõ ÏóÑúÆöåö ÂÌöáóÉñ áöãóäú ÏóÑóÃóåõ.

[ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ ÅÐóÇ ÚóÙõãóÊú ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉõ ÃóæúÌóÈóåóÇ ÇáÑøóÈøõ Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóÑöíÚóÉò]
æóßóÐóáößó ÅÐóÇ ÚóÙõãóÊú ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉõ¡ ÍóÑøóãóåóÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóÑöíÚóÉò¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÝóÇæóÊóÊú ÑõÊóÈõ ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö æóÇáúãóÝóÇÓöÏö ÝóÞóÏú íõÞóÏøöãõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóíõÎóÇáöÝõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúãóÝóÇÓöÏõ¡ ÝóÇáúÞöÕóÇÕõ Ýöí ÔóÑöíÚóÉö ãõæÓóì æóÇÌöÈñ ÍóÞøðÇ áöáøóåö ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÍóÏøö ÇáÓøóÑöÞóÉö æóÇáÒøöäóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ÍóÞøñ áöáúÚóÈúÏö ãõÞúÊóÑöäñ ÈöÍóÞøö ÇáÑøóÈøö¡ æóÑõÌøöÍó Ýöíåö ÍóÞøõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏö Úóáóì ÍóÞøö ÇáÑøóÈøö Ýöí ÔóÑúÚöäóÇ äóÙóÑðÇ áöáúÌóÇäöí æóáöæóáöíøö ÇáÏøóãö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÍóÑõãó Ýöí ÇáäøößóÇÍö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ Úóáóì ÇãúÑóÃóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò Ýöí ÔóÑúÚö ÚöíÓóì äóÙóÑðÇ áöáäøöÓóÇÁö æóßöíáóÇ íóÊóÖóÑøóÑúäó ÈößóËúÑóÉö ÇáÖøóÑóÇÆöÑö æóÇáúÅöãóÇÁö¡ æóÃóÌóÇÒóåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÍóÕúÑò Ýöí ÔóÑöíÚóÉö ãõæÓóì áöãóäú ÞóÏóÑó Úóáóì ÇáúÞöíóÇãö ÈöÇáúæóØúÁö æóãõÄóäö ÇáäøößóÇÍö¡ æóÃóÌóÇÒó Ýöí ÔóÑúÚöäóÇ ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó Úóáóì æóÇÍöÏóÉò äóÙóÑðÇ áöáÑøöÌóÇáö æóÍóÑøóãó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚö äóÙóÑðÇ áöáäøöÓóÇÁö æóÑóÍúãóÉð Èöåöäøó¡ æóæóØúÁõ ÇáúÅöãóÇÁö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÍóÕúÑò äóÙóÑðÇ áöáÑøöÌóÇáö.